Iinkqubo zokulwa nobusela kwiimoto: ukulinganiswa, ukukhetha, ukuphononongwa

Ngokwezibalo ezipapashwe yimithombo ethile, inani leenqwelo zemoto eRashiya kwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala zika-2015 liye lahla kakhulu. Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba imoto iqinisekisiwe ngokugcwele ekuhlaselweni kolwaphulo-mthetho. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokuqinisekileyo isithuthi kwaye uqinisekiswe ngongqibelelo, kuyimfuneko ukuxhalabisa kwangaphambili kwaye ufake ifowuni yokulwa nebabi.

Ukuxhaswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizityebi kuya kunceda ukwenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo. Indlela yokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo imoto yakho kunokuba iinkqubo zokulwa nolwaphulo zihluke komnye nomnye, ziziphi amandla kunye nobuthathaka, funda kule nqaku.

Ulwahlulo lweenkqubo zokukhusela

Nawuphi na ukhetho luqala ngokumisela amandla omthengi womthengi. Iindleko zokulwa nokukhuselwa kwebabi ziquka indleko yokuthenga kunye nentlawulo yokufakela kwinkonzo ekhethekileyo. Nangona abanye abanikazi kulo mthwalo wendleko bagcina, bethatha uncedo lwabachwebi abaqhelekileyo. Kukho nawuphi na, ulwaphulo-mthetho kwi-car - into encinci.

Impikiswano phakathi kwabathandi bemoto malunga naluphi na inkqubo eyona nto ibhetele, ayilona unyaka wokuqala. Kodwa zonke izixhobo zinamandla kunye nobuthathaka. Ngoko ke, ukwandisa isiqinisekiso sokukhusela, kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezininzi zokulwa nebabi ngokubanzi. Emva koko ulwaphulo-mthetho, olujongene nommiselo omnye wokukhusela, luya kukhubeka ngomnye kwaye ngenxa yoko luya kushiya imoto yodwa.

Ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela yokusebenza kunye nemisebenzi, kunokwenzeka ukwahlula kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokulwa neentlobo zeemoto. Isilinganiselo esisekelwe kuhlaziyo lwabaxumi:

• Indawo yokuqala ibambelele kwiinkqubo zokukhusela i-satellite-search systems, nje-GPS.
• Indawo yesibini neyesithathu yahlukaniswa yaba yi-immobilizers (immobilizers) kunye ne-alamu yemoto (i-sound sirens).
• Ngesine sesinezixhobo zokusebenza (ukukhiya kunye nokukhiya).

Akunakutsholwa ukuba enye yeentsholongwane iyingozi okanye ingcono. Njengomthetho, ukusebenza okungenasiphelo kwenkqubo yokhuseleko kunikwe kuphela ukuhlanganiswa kwezi zixhobo.

Ngezantsi siza kuqwalasela ngokubanzi iinkcukacha ezi zilapha ngentla.

Iimpawu zenkqubo ye-alarm alarm

Kukho iziganeko zobugebengu ezibhekiselele kuyo inkqubo ye-alam ephumelelayo. Enyanisweni, isandi esibukhali se-siren sinokusongela umgijimi ongenamava kwaye uxele umnini-mthwalo wenzame. Le yinjongo ephambili yale nkqubo.

Iimodeli zamanemoto zamanje zinezikhundla ezithintela injini. Baye bakwazi ukuvimba i-hood, trunk, ii window kunye neengcango. Kwisiko senkonzo, esenza iinkqubo zokulwa neentlobo zeemoto, ukulinganiswa kwemfuno yolu hlobo lokhuselo luphezulu kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukwandisa ukusebenza kwayo. Inkosi inokunyusa imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo ye-alamu ngokucela komthengi.

Akunconywa ukuba anqabe inzwa ekulungisa ukungena ngaphakathi komshini, kunye ne-pager, eya kuphawula umnini wesithuthi malunga nalo mzamo. Kuba abo bahlala beshiya imoto bengaboni kwaye kude kakhulu kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukuva isandi se-siren, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-pager.

Indlela yokulawula i-alamu kunye nemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo

I-alamu yemoto ilawulwa kude, isebenzisa i keyfob ezithumela isalathisi kwisithuthi sekhompyutheni. Ngokutsho kwabanikazi beenqwelo, impendulo enkulu yale nkunkuma yokulwa nebabi ilapha.

Ukuze kulungiswe umqondiso, abagijimi basebenzisa iifayile ze-electronic "skeleton keys". Xa ukulahlwa kwezigwenxa kunezixhobo ezinjenge "khowudi-grabber", ekhupha kwaye ivelise ikhowudi yesignali yomsakazo. Iimodeli ezibiza kakhulu ezinjalo zenkqubo yokhuseleko zixhotywe ngendlela yokuvumelanisa ixesha elibeka ithuba phakathi kwesicelo kunye nempendulo. Lo msebenzi owongezelelweyo ukwandisa iimpawu ezikhuselekileyo ze-alamu yemoto kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, iindleko zayo.

Ngelishwa, ulwaphulo-mthetho lokuthunjwa kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umnikazi akanalo ixesha lokufikelela kwimoto. Yingakho kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ezinye iindlela zokulwa neentlobo zeemoto. Ukulinganiswa kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo kuya kunceda ukuxazulula le ngxaki.

Ixabiso le-alarm alarm lixhomekeke kubukho bamaxhumo kwiintsholongwane ezongezelelweyo, ukuthunyelwa kwamandla kunye nokukhiya phakathi. Iindleko eziqhelekileyo zokuthenga okunjalo zihluka ukusuka kwi-ruble ezi-7 ukuya kwi-12 zamawaka.

Iibhloko kunye nokukhiya

Kulo lonke i-arsenal yokulwa nobusela ithetha ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza, abaxhasi abaninzi. Ezi ndlela zilula ukuyisebenzisa, zifakwe ngumqhubi ngokwakhe, ziyafumaneka ngexabiso.

Izixhobo zokulwa neengcambu zikwahlula zibe zikhuni kunye nokukhiya. Injongo yabo kukuthintela umgijimi ukuba angene emotweni kwaye enze kube nzima ukuba isithuthi sihambe sisodwa. Bavala iingxenye ezibalulekileyo kunye neengxenye zeemoto: ibhokisi yebhobho, isondo, isondo, iivili, i-steed pedals, iingcango, njl njlnkqubo enjalo ingatshintshwa kuyo nayiphi na imoto.

Inzuzo eqhelekileyo yazo zonke izixhobo zokusebenza ziyi-independence kwi-auto electronics. Benza imisebenzi yabo yokukhusela kunye nebhetri ekhutshiwe. Iindleko zangempela ezi zixhobo zihluka phakathi kwama-ruble ayi-10 ukuya kumawaka.

Ukhiye wokuThumela

Eyona nto inqabileyo phakathi kwabahamba ngeenqwelo-mafutha kuyisixhobo sokudlulisa (iGebhokisi). Inzuzo yayo - jikelele. Ukuba i-lock yangaphandle isetyenzisiweyo, i-shift lever ishintshelwe kwindawo yokugcina yamagatya kwaye isetyenziswe usebenzisa ipini okanye i-arc. Abanye abanikazi banokuqwalasela ukukhiya kwangaphakathi kwendawo yokukhangela, efihliweyo phantsi kwe-casing ye-tunnel ephakathi, ethembeke ngakumbi. I-larva yekhikhi ifakwe kwi-lever gearshift. Ngenxa yokukhululeka kokusetyenziswa, ikhekhi yebhobho yebhokisi ikhethwa rhoqo ngabafazi.

I-lock lock

I-lock control direction lock isasazeka phakathi kwabanikazi bemoto. Isixhobo senza imoto isenze isondo esinye kwisigxina esisinyathiselwe intonga yentsimbi. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukufezekisa nayiphi na into eyenziwa ngayo kunye neyunithi yokulawula, kwaye ngoko ke, ithrafikhi. Enyanisweni, imoto iya kutsalwa ngekhefu, kodwa iya kutsala abanye. Ngako oko, i-lock lock iya kukhusela isithuthi kwibabi kwiindawo ezininzi. Isixhobo esinjalo, esibonakala ngokucacileyo esitalatini, siya kuthusa ummangali, oqinisekileyo ukukhangela inyama efumanekayo.

Ukukhusela iivili kunye neenyawo

Kodwa isixhobo esinokusebenza ngokuchasene nesobuchwephesha sivili kunye nekhendi yokukhiya. Ikhetho lokuqala liyilwe yensimbi enqabileyo, ekulungiselela ngokuqinisekileyo iivili. Ibha ekhulayo ibhekiselele kwendlela yomhlaba, ukuthintela imoto ukuba ihambe. Ukukhulula iivili kuphela nge sixhobo esikhethekileyo sokusika. Kule meko, umenzi wobubi uza kufuneka asebenze ngokujonga wonke umntu.

Ulwaphulo-mthetho kwi-car pedal luyenziwe ngempahla esemgangathweni. Isixhobo esinjalo asibandakanyi ngokupheleleyo ukuba kungekhona nje ukutsala imoto, kodwa nokuba uqale nje. Lincinci ngobukhulu kwaye lukulungele ukusetyenziswa. Kodwa i-wheel locker ine-drawback eyodwa-inzima kwaye inzima ukuyifaka. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kukubangela ukuba abanye abanikazi bemoto bangayisebenzisi.

Ukunqanda ukutshitshisa ukutshaya

Izixhobo zokulwa neengcambu zokhuselo zibandakanya ukukhuseleko okukhethekileyo . Injongo yabo kukukhusela inkwenkwezi. Njengomthetho, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lenhlanganisela, akunakwenzeka ukuvula ilokhi ngencoko yomphathi. Ngokusekelwe kwiimpendulo zabanikazi bemoto, olu hlobo lokukhusela luphezulu mgangatho. Le ndlela ifakwe endaweni yelokhi yokutshisa umbane, efuna iindleko ezongeziweyo.

Immobilizers - indlela yokukhusela yanamhlanje

Immobilized - ke ikhuselwe! Yile ndlela i-immobilizers esebenza ngayo. Babonakala e-US kwiminyaka eyi-80 yokuqala yekhulu lokugqibela. Ukususela ngeli xesha, ezi nkqubo zokhuseleko ziye zaphuculiswa kakhulu. Iimodeli zanamhlanje zatshintshelwe kwiikhompyutheni ebhodi. I-immobilizers ikhusela imoto kwibabi ngokuvimba izijikelezo zombane (enye okanye ngaphezulu ngexesha elifanayo), umzekelo, i-coil yomlilo kunye ne-starter.

Ukuzama ukuqala imoto, i-wijacker ibhekene nobunzima bayo "lobubi". Ukunikezela kwamanzi ukuyeka, injini iqalisa ukugaya, ukuhanjiswa akusebenzi. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-unit control iyafumana ikhowudi, eyona kuphela umnini uyayazi, zonke iingxaki ziyafa, kwaye imoto iyaqala ukusebenza kwimodi evamile.

Umgaqo wokusebenza

Iinkqubo ezinjalo zokulwa nobusela bezimoto (ukulinganiswa kwezixhobo zokhuseleko ziqinisekisa ubungqina babo kunye nokusebenza okungekho nto) zilawulwa usebenzisa isitshixo. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa imodeli engenakuqhagamshelana. Kule meko, i-immobilizer isebenze ngokusebenzisa i-transcoder okanye ikhadi leplastiki. "Ukungasebenzi" kwemoto xa kwenzeka ukweba kungekhona ngokukhawuleza, kodwa emva kokuba imoto iqhube imitha embalwa ukusuka kwindawo. Umoni lowo akayi kushiywa nantoni na, indlela yokuyeka umsebenzi wakhe aze abaleke.

Ukufakwa kweziNzuzo

Ukufakelwa kwe-Stealth immobilizer, ukungakwazi ukubonakala ngokucacileyo apho i-unit unit yokulawula ikhona khona inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yale ndlela yokukhusela. Umqwenguli akakwazi ukukhupha inkqubo, kuba engazi indawo yenkqubo ngaphambili. Kodwa ukuba imoto ayifumananga umnikazi kwi-wijacker, kufuneka uqaphele ibhetri uze uhlale uhlala kwimeko ehlawulweyo. Ngenxa yokungabikho kokutya, umnini akakwazi ukuhambisa ihashe yakhe yensimbi kwindawo yayo. Ukuthembeka, kuyimfuneko ukuba ube neefayile ezimbini ezilawula immobilizer. Omnye wabo (ukonga) ulungele ukugcinwa ekhaya, kude nempahla yombane.

I-System Security System (GPS)

Iinkqubo zokulandelela i-GPS-anti-wiba-uhlobo olufanelekileyo kakhulu lokukhusela imoto. Kule nqanaba bahlala kwindawo yokuqala. Ukuxhotyiswa ngeemoto ezifanayo kwiimeko zobusela ziya kufumaneka naphina kwihlabathi. Fihla kwi-system positioning system (GPS) ayiyi kuphumelela. Isalathiso esivela kwisathelayithi malunga nokuzama ukusela kuvela kumthumeli. Ubika ingozi kumnini wemoto. Iqela lomsebenzi emva kokufika kwimeko lilibaziseka i-intruder.

Iyona nto inzima kakhulu kule nkqubo yintengo. Kuzo zonke ezikhoyo, le ndlela yokukhusela yindleko eninzi ngokwezimali. Iindleko zokuqala zivela kwi-ruble eziyi-15. Iinkqubo ze-GPS-anti-wiba, ezithembekileyo, ziya kuhlawula i-30-35 lamawaka. Kodwa apha umnikazi ngamnye wemoto unquma ngokuzimeleyo ukuba yiziphi iindleko azimisele ukuzenza ukuze azikhusele ipropati yakhe.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba isiqinisekiso sokusebenza kwanoma yiyiphi inqabelayo (nokuba yeyona nto igqibeleleyo) kuxhomekeke ekufakekisweni okufanelekileyo kunye nokuthenjwa. Iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo ziya kufumaneka kuphela kwiinkonzo ezizodwa.