Iindawo Pushkin eRussia. yi Pushkin ubeka Travel

iindawo Pushkin e kukunqulwa enkulu kungekuphela phakathi basekuhlaleni kodwa phakathi iindwendwe. utyelelo babo abathandi beziyolo iincwadi zakudala, abalandeli izibongo, amaqela uhambo abafikisayo kunye nabafundi bamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, kwakunye abakhenkethi abasuka kumazwe awahlukeneyo.

Akukho mfuneko kakhulu udwelise zonke iindawo ekunokuthiwa lwembali kakhulu ethandwa, zidalwe uthando izizukulwana ezininzi zabantu. Kwaye namhlanje umoya okhethekileyo kakhulu kwezi zakhiwo basindiswe.

Manor Goncharov

Echaza iindawo Pushkin kufuphi Moscow, angathanda ukuba uqale intlanganiso Goncharov. Elalini kukho Yaropolets ezimbini igama elikhethekileyo. Goncharov Manor ise emazantsi. Waba isalathisi ukuya eluphahleni etsolo kwebandla. igama le lali iphuma "entsimini Esihogweni," apha Ngemihla yakudala, ngokutsho legend, bayenza Kings kwindlu yenja. abameli ezininzi yasebukhosini wayethanda ukuya kuzingela ukho kule lali.

Manor qembu kwanaxa Zagryazhskaya ngenkulungwane XVIII. Kwizowuni yonxweme Lama wakha indlu ngaphandle iinkuni abanini kunye Church of Ioanna Predtechi (1751-1755 GG.), Yeyiphi yayimi phezu eyadini. esangweni Side kukhokelela ibandla kunye eyadini. Zinelungelo uhlobo iinqaba nqaba yamazinyo abukhali. Ukususela kocingo xa singqongwe yonke ezintsonkothileyo, kwakukho kuphela udonga ukusuka ezantsi. Semi-isangqa kwi izakhiwo ezingaphandle eyadini ibekwe kunye nendlu ngokwayo, kwakhiwa mitha-1780, yena idibanisa amaphiko ukuguquka kwaye nobugcisa kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba lokuhlela ku rhandza izakhiwo Manor kwexesha. bokwakha Isakhiwo yeyona obutofotofo yaye inomkhitha.
UMdali Goncharivske complex kucingwa umakhi kwesiqingatha odumileyo sesibini I. ngenkulungwane ye-18 V. Egotova.

Kwilali Yaropolets A. S. Pushkin watyelela kabini, ngo-1833 no-1834. Weza kuninazala, unina N. I. Goncharovoy. Kakade ngelo xesha, waphawula ukuba ilifa yeyela ukuhla, oku kungqinwe lwamagama "wahlala komkhulu zonakale." Babizwa ngokuba "igumbi Pushkinskaya" yathatha de 1941, de waqalisa imfazwe. Kwaba ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, ukuba lo ezichaphazeleke, ngenxa komlilo lubangelwe umonakalo elikhulu sokuyilwa yangaphakathi zendlu kunye igumbi imbongi, kwakunye njengoko inani elikhulu lwezakhiwo. Emva kwemfazwe, Manor wabuyiselwa kwaye ngoku iziko lokuzonwabisa. Le yimpumelelo ethile - namhlanje kutyelela iindawo Pushkin eMoscow. Manor Goncharov wangena maelstrom ngayo kwimbali yobomi buchopho zemibongo.

Zakharovo Manor

iindawo ezinika umdla Pushkin kufuneka siqhubeke wayetyelele kwilifa, embhoxo ebuntwaneni wembongi. ERashiya, kukho inani elikhulu iindawo ezinxulumene A. S. Pushkinym, kodwa eyona ekhumbulekayo zithathwa ukuba abo ezinxulumene ebuntwaneni bakhe. Naziphi na nkumbulo ushiye uphawu yabo yomphefumlo ndoda yathi, yaye ubuntu sokuyila - kunye nemisebenzi yakhe. Ukuze simazi kakuhle kwasebuntwaneni imbongi, kufuneka utyelele ilifa Zakharovo, nto leyo kanye osezandleni umakhulu ka Pushkin, M. A. Gannibal.

Elinye lamabali lokuqala ngelethu phaya ngenkulungwane ye-17 ngo-kwenye yeencwadi. Ekubeni afumaneka kwisicatshulwa njengento bezindlu Kamynin, obeyindoda mkhosi kwi Perm kunye Solikamsk. Kwimbali indlu inani elikhulu wemikhosi. Kwaba kuphela ekuyeni ekupheleni kuka-1804 uba wahliwa welifa Alexander makhulu. Kwafa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ka 1805, efika kwi intombi estate M. A. Gannibal, Ithemba Osipovna, kunye nabantwana babo. Pope Pushkin wayengenguye lover of the amaphandle kunye Zakharovo rarely batyelela. ngoko wezindlu ntsapho waya kuphumla ihlobo lonke, phantse ukuya Ukumka Alexander the Lyceum. Ngowe-1811, umakhulu Pushkin Sahlukana Manor e Zakharovo kwaye ocande ilifa Agrafena Alekseevne, udade wayo.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe kanjalo ukuba esi Manor na indawo kuphela eye walondoloza mizuzu yobuntwana Pushkin. Kwimithombo ethembekileyo kucacile ukuba ukususela 1805 ukuya 1810, imbongi wachitha apha zonke ihlobo. imifanekiso negalelo olufunyenwe ngokuhlala kulo Manor, bashiya uphawu babo ubomi elizayo Pushkin njengoko yonke indlu igcwele uyakuthi Russian. Le ise lengubo indalo ezintle. Kulapha Pushkin kuqala ukufunda oko ilali Russian, ngenxa nomama olukhathalayo umongikazi, kwakunye oodade okusingqongileyo kunye nomntakwabo. umbono ocacileyo yeendwendwelo imbongi ukuya kwidolophana ekufutshane ye Vyazma kwicawa encinane. Moscow Pushkin Indawo ukuthandwa iingcali zobugcisa Russian.

Ngelishwa, indlu apho imbongi wachitha nehlobo bakhe, akazange asinde. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 kwi iziseko ezifanayo ngqo ngamaplanga yakhiwa ukusuka indlu endala, kodwa wayengakwazi sisinde kule mihla ngenxa yomlilo, eyabakho 1933. Unyaka-200 engama ngokuzalwa Pushkin, ngowe-1999, loo ndlu yakhiwa kwakhona. Kulwakhiwo olutsha akukho nto iseleyo amaqhekeza ubudala, kodwa ke endaweni kwezinye izifundo, nayo ixesha xa behlala imbongi, kodwa bengengabo izihlobo zakhe.

big Vyazemy

iindawo Pushkin eMoscow nelinye ilifa. Manor ezinkulu Vyazemy wazukiswa kuphela A. S. Pushkinym, kodwa ezinye kakuhle yaziwa kulo lonke abantu ehlabathini, phakathi kwabo Prince Golitsyn, Kutuzov nkqu uNapoleon. Kubalulekile jonga kwi Heroine of "Ukumkanikazi Spades", mhlawumbi kuya kukukhumbuza ezinye abemi Manor. Bona oku kuya kuhamba nge amagumbi ezintle yasebhotwe, nto leyo ezifakiweyo ngoku kule Historical yoncwadi Museum - Reserve, wadala imbeko A. S. Pushkina. Ulungile nge isikhokelo kutyelela iindawo Pushkin. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo wawuzaliswe nentsingiselo.

Manor bethabathela eYiputa,

reference zokuqala ukuya Big Vyazemy wabanjwa yeziKronike imvelaphi yayo elandwa kwinkulungwane ye-16. Ngoko ke ngaloo mihla kwathiwa isikhululo lokugqibela endleleni eya eMoscow endleleni "Big ESmolensk." Igama elithi "Vyazma", ngokutsho kwezinye izazinzulu, lithatyathwe ukusuka Slavic (ngezantsi anodaka kufuphi nomlambo) "viscous". Ngowe-1585-1586 gg. ezi iindawo yathathwa Boris Godunov, eyakha omkhulu a amaphiko ebhotwe ngomthi, ndlu Boyarsky kunye nebandla, bayirhawula inqaba yokwakha. Ngexesha Ixesha Iingxaki kwi Big Vyazemy wayehlala nguDmitry lobuxoki, yaye ixesha elithile khona wayeka Marina Mniszek kunye ngamagosa akhe. Kufuphi kaZuma, uPetros I ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-17 wanika Boris Golitsyn, naye owayesebenza nokubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo komkhulu. sakhiwa indlu Manor e Big Vyazemy, nto leyo iye yagcinwa emini segodneshny NM Golitsyn, i umzukulwana Boris Golitsyn, ngo-1784. Ezi sayithi Alexander watyelela ngaphezu kanye. Xa inoveli yakhe "Eugene Onegin" wachaza indlu, leyo kwimveliso behlelo Onegin, kwaye Manor ezilalini Zakharovo waba kwase welifa Larin.

Palace potter-Yusupov

Wide umda Pushkin iindawo ezahlukeneyo eRashiya. Amafoto nga ngokuyinxalenye kuphela ukubonisa zonke ubukhulu babo. Yaziswa ukuba bahlole kunokwenzeka zabo kuphela kutyelelo lobuqu.

iindawo e Moscow No umdla ngaphantsi Pushkin. Hayi kude ukusuka kwisikhululo "Isango Red" ngowona mzekelo zindala kwakha ngamatye wezinto zakomkhulu. The-Yusupov Palace unembali sisityebi. Yakhiwa malunga 17-19 kwiinkulungwane kwaye eyaziwa ngokuba yiHouse of the kunye Yusupov Palace. Kukholelwa ukuba elimiswe ngaphambili, ngenkulungwane ye-16, abakhi abaziwayo Russian Barma kunye Postnikov, owathi kamva wakha phezu Red Square, eSt Vasiliya Blazhennogo.

Phambi Peter II thaca ibhotwe UGrigory Dmitrievich Yusupov, yena wayevela inani elikhulu lamagosa kunye nabezomkhosi ngelo xesha. Le yokugqibela phambi kokuba Yusupov belilelakhe ilifa Alexei potter, lowo njengonobhala Collegium Military. Kwaye kule minyaka 1801-1803. kwintshona yentsapho Chambers wahlala A. S. Pushkina, ngoko ebhotwe kugqalwa lesikhumbuzo bokwakha kwiindawo Pushkin. Ukwakhiwa i entsonkothileyo zokwakha eyenziwa eziliqela iinqaba ukuba igcwalisiwe architraves bezinye iintlanga, imiqolo sasebukhosini ubunzima encinane kakhulu. ezakhiwe uphahla Yayihonjiswe hammering kunye nangokukrola, imozulu vanes, ezikrobeni nemihlathi. ukubonakala emahle idibana isicwangciso zobungangamela amagumbi zangaphakathi.

House-museum of Pushkin eMoscow

iindawo Pushkin yommandla eMoscow zimalunga ikakhulu eMoscow ezingqongileyo ngoko nangoko. On the Arbat, xa kanye ndisembindini wesixeko, indlu endala esinemigangatho-2 ngo-1831 A. S. Pushkin waqesha indawo yokuhlala, nto leyo ngoku ngumbindi yokomoya nezazi yoyilo. Kukho kwakhona sisikhumbuzo museum-endlini wembongi, apho watyelelwa izizukulwana ezininzi abalandeli bakhe. Kule indlu, Alexander wabhiyozela njengexhama yakhe benza unothanda yaye emva kokuba betshatile wayephila kule ndlu sele kunye nomfazi wakhe N. N. Goncharovoy. Ngokutsho kwezinye okuzibonela, indlu lomthonyama kakhulu kuyo, njengokuba kwenzeka phakathi kweendonga zayo ubomi obumnandi Pushkin. ezindlini elide ngokwaneleyo zoluntu ibekwe apha kwesi sakhiwo, kuphela ezindilisekileyo umphandle nebhodi, neyasekwa ngowe-1937, ukhumbula ukuba kanye kule ndlu kwakuhlala imbongi enkulu. Yaba February 18, 1986 kuphela, emva kokuba ukubuyiselwa elide, endlwini ngokusesikweni waba imyuziyam.

exposure

Ngelishwa, akukho data kwi ngaphakathi endlwini apho Pushkin ayehlala apho, ngoko ke abasebenzi imyuziyam wagqiba kwelokuba ashiye kumgangatho wesibini kunye phantse akukho ezenziwe ngesandla. Bebonke isiphelo sinye wehlelwa kwezinye iindawo Pushkin. Photo ukuze akakwazi ukubonisa ngokupheleleyo bonke ubuhle lesikhumbuzo. Iindonga kule ndlu-museum ahonjiswe ngemifanekiso yabantu iindwendwe rhoqo kwi-Alexander Pushkin. Phakathi kwazo zonke inani elincinane elifanayo izinto ungabona enemifanekiso yabantu Pushkin kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, ebhaliweyo ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi, kwakunye idesika kunye kwetafile yimbongi umfazi Pushkin kaThixo. Umgangatho wokuqala myuziyam ubamba mboniso "Pushkin and eMoscow", nto leyo wabonisa efudumeleyo, kodwa ulwalamano ungakhululekanga wembongi kunye ingqukuva. Kwakhona libonisa ezinye imifanekiso kuba imisebenzi wembongi, kwaye igumbi abaphilayo sasiba ucengcelezo. iindawo Pushkin eRashiya, ingakumbi eMoscow, ufanelwe ingqalelo nabagxeki ezininzi kunye nababhali.

Pushkin Hills

Kwi-120 km ukusuka Pskov yi kwilali Pushkin Hills. Igama City yakhetha ngaphandle kwesizathu; kuba imbongi elidityaniswe ngokusondeleyo zindlu zakhe ezimbini kanye wayekwiqela usapho Pushkin, yaye omnye waba ilifa abahlobo bakhe. Kwakhona kule ndawo kukhona eMonastri, apho imbongi odumileyo wangcwatywa. Okwangoku, zonke zontathu amafa benza museum ogama emva A. S. Pushkina.

Mikhailovskoe

Mikhailovskoye - ilifa uthandwayo AS Pushkin. Apha whiled kude ixesha elininzi ebutsheni bakhe ebudaleni, yaye ukususela 1824 ukuya 1826 waba eSt Michael elapha. De kukhanye Imbongi ilifa ubuzuze intsapho yakhe. Ukususela ngo 1742 i Estate ilifa uyise-mkhulu ukuze unina wembongi. Ibheyile ilifa karhulumente badlula ngo-1899, xa Pushkin bababuyisa iminyaka eli-100 ubudala, yaye ngowe-1911 ke similise imyuziyam sungula ku Aleksandru Sergeevichu. Manor Ukubuyiselwa kabini, okokuqala umlilo uwatshisile Estate 1918 Ilifa kwakhona ngowe-1937 kunye nexesha lesibini lachithwa ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II yaye yabuyiselwa kweli xesha kwempi.

On ilifa lakho isakhiwo ebuyiselweyo ezinye izinto ekule imbongi. Ukuze batyelele amanye amagumbi ekhoyo welifa, omnye wabo - i-ofisi Pushkin kaThixo, apho ke edesikeni yakhe. Kancinci, kancinci ngabasebenzi ye myuziyam uzama ukubuyisela zonke umzuzu yobomi imbongi bakhe, echithwayo kule indlwane ntsapho.

uPetros

Estate ngenkulungwane ye-18, wazalwa njengesipho Elizabeth I enkulu-uyisemkhulu imbongi AP Ithawula. Kamva, ukuba ligqithise likayihlo PA ithawula, yaye kamva - uMalume VP ithawula. Yena umnini sokugqibela entsapho. Ukususela ngo 1839, ilifa yeharim kubanini ezahlukeneyo, yaye ngowe-1936 iye yaziswa kwi isakhiwo Pushkin Museum. Manor izalwe ngokubuyiselwa izihlandlo eziliqela. Izakhiwo ababemi Pushkin, wayitshisa ngowe-1918 Ngowe-1977, i-lendlu ngokutsha utatomkhulu P. A. Pushkina, yaye ngowe-2000 - ipomakazi lendlu uyisemkhulu A. ithawula. Namhlanje isakhiwo emyuziyam basonta izakhiwo ezimbini isikwere kunye gazebo-GROTTO. iindawo Pushkin eRussia wayeqhelene ubomi wembongi kaHomer.

Trigorskoye

Kwilifa abahlobo umbhali, Osipov-Ngcuka, naye Pushkin nabahlobo abaninzi abasenyongweni ngexesha nesingqinisiso 1824-1826 biennium. Njengabanye emafeni Pushkin Gore Trigorskoye yatshiswa ngo-1918 Reconstruction yaqala ngemva kwempi. Ngo-1962 yena waphila indlu Manor, kwaye ngo-1978 - ibhafu, apho wakhonza ngexesha indawo kuphela sokuhlambela, kodwa egadini izindlu, ithetha baphumle imbongi omthandayo. intetha kwipropati zembali kunye neenjongo kwixesha umboniso kwesakhiwo Manor. A Isangqa na isikwere, nto leyo iba "Bena Onegin" yaye "Avenue of Tatiana." Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwase Trigorskoye ukufumana Larin ilifa. Kukho ukuqashisela ukuba abalinganiswa izenzo zakhe inoveli Alexander bakhuphela maqabane zabo. Enye yeendawo ezininzi eyonwabisayo le park - nto oki watyala ngeenxa zonke, nto leyo sifunda lelanga. iindawo Pushkin kungenziwa ngokuba sentsomi, njengoko uhlobo singqongwe kubo, ngokwenene ukhangeleka sentsomi, eyabhalwa yimbongi.

Church of woonongendi

Church of woonongendi idume yokuba kuyo imbongi wangcwatywa kunye yonke intsapho. Igama elipheleleyo - kwingcinga Holy Monastery, Yakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-16 kwi-odolo Ivana Groznogo IV. Ngokutsho ngokwesithethe, woonongendi bunikwa kuloo ndawo apho umalusi waphupha icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Alexander wayethanda ukutyelela le ndawo, thetha onguMphathi amarhamente, abo basoloko abahamba ngeendibano elungiselelwa weemonki. Around 1924 ivaliwe, emva ngokudala isebe imyuziyam wembongi, yaye ngo-1992 waba ehlala abantu.

Ngoko ke zonke iindawo Pushkin ibekwe eRashiya. Enyanisweni, umzila Alexander inokulandwa kwiindawo ezininzi zeli lizwe.