Iimyuziyam eVienna: inkcazo yamaziko adume kakhulu

Nasiphi na isixeko esikhulu saseYurophu sigcwele zonke iintlobo zemyuziyam. Inkunzi enkulu yase-Austria ayikho. IiMyuziyamu zaseVienna zihlukene kwaye azifani. Phakathi kwazo zonke iziko kukho amaziko ahlukeneyo ngokwenene. Ngokuyinene, yona iVienna inokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo kumyuziyam: kukho into ekumele uyiqwalasele. Kodwa ke iindibano zakhe ezibangele ukonwaba.

IMyuziyamu yeCimemography

Iimyuziyam ezininzi zaseVienna zikwindawo ephakathi kweso sixeko ekuhambeni komgama ukusuka kwesibini. Ukuba ufuna, banokupheliswa bonke ngosuku. Kodwa musa ukwenza oku, kuba awunaso ixesha lokuqwalasela iziboniso ezikhoyo. Ukuze ujabulele olu hlobo lokuzonwabisa, kuyimfuneko ukuchitha iiyure eziliqela ukuhlola imyuziyam nganye. Kwaye uhambo luqala ngeMustra Museum yaseCinematography.

Zonke iimyuziyam zaseVienna zinikezelwa kulo okanye kwisebe lobomi. I-Museum yeCinema igcina uphando malunga nokuqokelela okubalulekileyo kwe-cinematography, apho iziko liqokelele ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo.

I-Museum yeCinema kwi-capital yase-Austrian yavulwa ngo-1964 njengengeniso yenkampani. Ukubuyiswa kwezinto ezikhoyo apha kuma-1960s nakwa-1970 kwenza iziko elidumile kumazwe alwimi lwesiJamani. I-museum ine-cinema yayo, apho iifrimu ezahlukeneyo zibonisiwe ukususela ngo-1965. Umongameli ohloniphekileyo wenkampani nguMartin Scorsese, ophethe le ndawo ukususela ngo-2005.

Indawo apho ibali ligcinwa khona

Ezinye iimyuziyam zaseVienna zinikezelwa kwiingqungquthela zembali. Basenokufunda ngembali yesixeko kunye ne-Austria ngokwabo. Elinye lamaziko angcono aphindaphinda imbali yentloko yase-Austria yiMyuziyam yeMbali yeSixeko eKarlsplatz. Apha zibhalwe kwaye ziboniswe iziganeko ezivela kwiindawo zokuqala zokuhlala kwi-bhanki yoMlambo waseDanube uze ufike kwiimbali zanamhlanje.

Imyuziyam yeMbali (iVienna) inamathathu. Iyokuqala ibonisa ukubonakaliswa kwamaxesha amaRoma kunye namaxesha aphakathi kwimbali yesixeko. Nazi izinto zobomi kunye neengubo ezimalunga neli xesha zichazwe. Ngomgangatho wesibini kukho ukuhleka okukhulu kwenkunzi ye-1857 kunye nokuqokelelwa kwepeyinti yesitayela seBaroque. Umgangatho wesithathu wesakhiwo ubonisa ixesha le-Biedermeier, eliye lafika ngo-1815-1848.

I-Museum yase-Vienna yeMbali yamandulo isebenze ukususela ngo-1887. Kuze kube ngo-1959, kwakukho kwisakhiwo seHolo yeSixeko. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, bekukho iingxoxo rhoqo malunga nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esihlukeneyo kwizinto. Kodwa ngenxa yezimfa ezimbini zehlabathi, le ngcamango yafunyanwa kuphela ngo-1959. Namhlanje, ngaphandle komboniso osisigxina, i-museum ibuye iboniswe rhoqo.

IMyuziyam ebizwa ngokuba ngumntu ososayensi

I-Museum yaseSigmund Freud (iVienna) inokufumaneka kwiBergasse Street. Kwinye yezindlu zokuhlala kwindlu ye-19 ukusuka ngowe-1891 wahlala kwaye wasebenza iSigmund Freud eyaziwayo. Apha usosayensi wayehlala kunye nosapho lwakhe: eofisini, ugqirha wanika iingcebiso kwizigulane. Ngenxa yokuba wayevela kumaYuda ngo-1938, uFrud, kunye nezihlobo zakhe, kwafuneka ahambe kwi-capital yase-Austria. Ukususela kulo mzuzwana uqala ixesha elibaluleke kakhulu lobomi bukaZygmund.

Imyuziyamu yeSigmund Freud ineendawo zeofisi kunye namagumbi abucala. Apha ungayifumana inkulu kwilayibrari yelizwekazi laseYurophu kunye neencwadi zengqondo ye-psychoanalysis. Iqulethe iincwadi ezingama-35 ezimalunga nale ngongoma. Ukuvezwa kwakhona kuqulethe izinto zangaphambili ezazisakuba yososayensi.

Ukuqokelela kwesikhungo kunamaphepha amaninzi, iifoto, imifanekiso, imidwebo kunye nemifanekiso. Kwakhona kukho iifoto zomfazi kaFreud - uAna.

Yonke into ekhoyo kwiziko elilodwa

Imyuziyam yoBugcisa eVienna inikeza imisebenzi emininzi kunye neyona ndlela ingcono yamakhosikazi aseNtshona. Kule ziko ukuba iqoqo elikhulu leepeyinti elibhalwa nguBruegel liqokelelwa. Kwiimyuziyam yembali yobugcisa kukho imiboniso yezinto eziphambili, iimpawu ezinqabileyo ze-numismatic, izinto zobugcisa kunye nezikhumbuzo ze-antique. Kwakhona apha, abakhenkethi bayamenywa ukuba batyelele igalari yezobugcisa belizwe elibalulekileyo.

Unokufumana i-museum kuMaria Theresa Square . Umzobo wesakhiwo uhlanganiswe nesitye esityhiliweyo. Isakhiwo ngokwawo sinesimo esingunxantathu kwaye sithweswa ngumbumba, apho ubude buyi-60 mitha. Ingaphakathi langaphakathi lihlotshiswe nge-decor and marble relief decor.

Iimyuziyam ezibalulekileyo zedolophu

Enye yeemyuziyam ezibalulekileyo zelizwe kunye nehlabathi yiMyuziyam yeMbali yeNdalo (iVienna). Kwavulwa ngokufanayo kunye neMyuziyam yoBugcisa ngo-1889. Eli liziko lwakhiwe ukuze lenze iqoqo elikhulu lamaHabsburg.

Iqoqo lokuqala lemiboniso yeyamyuziyamu yathengwa nguMbusi Franz I. Iqoqo lamanje leMyuziyam yeMbali yeNdalo linemiboniso engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20. Zifumaneka kumagumbi angama-29, indawo leyo ifinyelela kuma-8700 m ² . Ifenishi ye-Antique ihlobisa nganye yeeholo zeziko.

UVenus Willendorf ungowomboniso ogqwesileyo weziko.

Yintoni enye yokuyifumana?

EVienna kukho iimyuziyam ezininzi ezininzi eza kuba mnandi ukutyelela abatyeleli. Nazi ezinye ezithandekayo kubo:

• Inkundla yamabhabhathane. Itholakala kwinqanaba legadi enhle yaseBurggarten. Apha abahanjethi banethuba lokujonga indlela zonke iintlobo zeburbhathane, eziquka abantu ngabakhulu obukhulu obukhulu, zijikeleza phakathi kwezityalo ezingaphandle kunye namapopompo amancinci.
• YoLondolozo lweMbali. Indawo ekhohlakeleyo ngokwenene, apho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nezenzo zobugebengu ziqokelelwa. Apha ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izinto ezibesabekayo kwaye eziyikrakra, ukuqala ngeentloko ezigqityiweyo kunye nokuphela kwezixhobo zokuhlushwa nokubulala.

Yonke le minyuziyamu iVienna, isixeko abahamba ngeyona ndlela babizwa ngokuba yi "ntliziyo yeYurophu".