Iimpawu pericarditis sentliziyo kunye nonyango. pericarditis Dry: Iimpawu

Kukho izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zibe nefuthe elibi kumsebenzi wequmrhu eliphambili le-circulatory system - intliziyo. Eli nqaku liza kujongana neengxaki eziqhelekileyo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-pericarditis. Esi sifo siyingozi yaye sifanele sihlawulwe.

Ngayiphi isifo kukho intetho

Ukuba uzama ukuchaza ulwimi lwezesayensi, yintoni i-pericarditis yentliziyo, iimpawu ezixhalabisa abantu abaninzi, ngoko sinokuthi oku okulandelayo: oku ku-aseptic okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-aseptic kunye ne-visceral sheets ye-pericardium. Kodwa ukuyibeka ngokugqithiseleyo, kuyindlela engapheliyo okanye eqhelekileyo yokuvuvukala kwegobolondo yangaphandle yenhliziyo (i-pericardium), imbangela yaloo monakalo we-rheumatic, umphumo wentsholongwane okanye ezinye iintlobo zamathonya.

Ukuze uqonde intsingiselo yesi sifo, kunengqiqo ukuthobela ingqalelo kwimeko yoluntu jikelele.

I-Pericardium ingumgubo we-pericardial, apho ikhona inxalenye ebalulekileyo njengentliziyo. Kule meko, ngokoqobo ukunciphisa okusebenzayo kwesikhwama esinjalo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esikhethekileyo, esithintela ukubonakala kwintlambo eqinile.

Iimpawu ze-pericarditis kubantu abadala zivakalelwa, ngaphandle kokuba ukusebenza kunye nesakhiwo senhliziyo igobolondo ziphulwa. Kuyakwazi ukuqokelela kwi-pericardium effusion (secretion), ene-serous or purulent. Uluhlu olunjalo luchazwa nje ngokuba lukhuni. Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yayo ukuba intliziyo iyanyanyiswa ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza kwayo ngokuthe ngqo kuphulwa. Kucacile ukuba, imeko enjalo iyingozi kwaye ayikwazi ukunyanzelwa.

Ukuba kwi-pericardium kukho ukuqokelela ngokugqithiseleyo kobutyebi, ngoko kuya kubakho ingozi ebomini kubomi bomntu. Kule meko, kunokwenzeka ukuphepha isiphumo esibulalayo kuphela ngokungenelela kwangoku.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba esi sifo sibonakalisa ngokuqhelekileyo kubasetyhini, kaninzi kunamadoda. Ngokubhekiselele kubantwana, ebuntwaneni obunjalo ukuxilongwa okungaqhelekanga kwenziwa, nangona ngezinye ixesha kwenzeka.

Izizathu

Ngaphambi kokuqwalasela iimpawu ze-pericarditis ebantwini, kuyafaneleka ukufumanisa okokuqala ngaphambi kokubonakala kwesifo esinzima.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda into elandelayo - ukuqokelela umbane kungabangela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni:

- inkxalabo yokugula kwezitho zangaphakathi;

- uphawu lwezilwanyana ngqo kwi ntliziyo;

- isiphumo sokulimala;

Ukubonakaliswa kwezifo ezithelelekileyo jikelele;

- uphawu lwezilwanyana zesistim.

Kodwa ukuba sithetha ngezizathu eziqhelekileyo, ngokokuqala ngqalelo kuzo kufuneka zihlawulwe kwisiphumo sosulelo. Kule meko, iimpawu ze-pericarditis Ngaba unokubonakalisa iifom zayo ezahlukeneyo:

- Izifo-ezichaphazelekayo;

- sulela;

- ezingenasifo (i-aseptic, i-aseptic).

Enyanisweni, sithetha ngeengxaki kunye nesimo sebhegi ye-pericardium ngezi zifo zilandelayo:

- izifo ezinjalo zentsholongwane njengegciwane kunye nemasisi;

Izifo ezithintekayo;

- isifo sofuba, ngaphandle kokuba usulelo lusasazeka kwi-tuberculosis yangaphandle okanye kugxininiso lwepmonta ephambili;

- izifo ze-microbial (iinkqubo ze-septic, i-red fever, i-tonsillitis);

Izifo ezifayo.

Ukongezelela kwimiphumo yezifo, iimpawu ze-pericarditis zingabangela ukugula kwe-serum okanye iziyobisi.

Kwinqanaba elithile leengxaki ze-pericardium, kubalulekile ukuquka ezo ntlobo ze-pericarditis eziphuhliswa phantsi kweempembelelo eziphuhlisayo ze-pericardial ngokubunjwa kwe-diverticula kunye ne-cysts.

Iintlobo zesifo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iimpawu ze-pericarditis zibukeka njani, ziya kuhlala zifaka ubungqina malunga nokuphuhliswa kwesinye sezididi ezibini zesifo: esiqatha okanye esingapheliyo.

Ukuba sithetha ngefomu engapheliyo, kufuneka siyiqwalasele into yokuba ikhula kancane kwaye ayikwazi ukuvalelwa iminyaka emininzi. Kule meko, i-pericarditis ineefom ezininzi eziqhelekileyo:

- I-Adhesive, okanye i-adhesive, ngexesha lenziwa ngayo izikrakra kunye nemivuzo;

- ukubonakala okuxubeneyo kokunamathela, umbane kunye nezibazi;

Ifom, okanye ifomu elidlulileyo, elibonakaliswe ngokuqokelela okukhulu komkhuhlane kwisikhwama se-pericardial.

I-pericarditis enobuchule, iimpawu ezibonakalayo ngokukhawuleza, nazo zineefom zokhiye eziqela:

- i-effusive, ngokubunjwa kwesibalo esikhulu samanzi (ipus, bloody content okanye iplasma yegazi);

- i-fibrinous, okanye eyomile, ebonakaliswe ngokuqokelela okukhulu kwisigxina se-pericardial substance elandelwayo kwi-plasma yegazi (fibrin).

IConicarditis kunye ne-exidative exidative: iimpawu

Ukuze uphendule ngokukhawuleza kwesi sifo kwaye uqale unyango olufike ngexesha, kufuneka ukwazi ubuncinane iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zengxaki. Kwaye xa sithetha ngefomu ekhukhulayo yebhegi ye-pericardium, kufuneka siyiqwalasele loo nto: ngeengxaki ezinjalo, ukuqokelela kwamanzi okuqhelekileyo kufumaneka ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-fluorographic, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-echocardiography.

Ukuba i-tumor yesifuba okanye imiphunga iye yachongwa, kuyacaca ukuba ukusola ukuba uphuhliso lwe-pericarditis. Ukuxilongwa okufanayo kunokwenziwa kwizigulane ezine-uremia, ngexesha apho i-cardiomegaly iqala ngesizathu esicacileyo, kwaye kukho ukwanda kweengcinezelo zentlungu.

Ngokungafaniyo imeko enjalo ngxaki njengengqungquthela ye-pericarditis, iimpawu zazo kwixesha eliphambili azibonakali. Izimpawu ezibalulekileyo zesifo zizenza bazive sele sele i-bags ye-pericardial iqokelela ngokwaneleyo ukusetyenziswa komsebenzi. Iimpawu ezicacileyo zibonakala ngexesha emva kokusebenza ngokomzimba ngesimo se-dyspnea esinamandla kunye nokhathala okwandayo. Abantu abanele ngxaki banokurekhoda ukulahleka kwento yokuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuncipha okuphawulwayo kwintlanzi.

Kukho ezinye iimpawu ezibonisa i-pericarditis engqongqo yentliziyo. Iimpawu zizakugqibela zifana nemiphumo yokuphulwa kwentliziyo. Ku malunga ne-ascites, i-edema ye-périphher, intlungu kunye nobunzima kwi-quadrant ephezulu.

Iphi i-pericarditis eyomile ibonakala njani

Ukuthetha ngale fomu yebhegi ye-pericardial, umntu makayithobele ingqalelo ukuba le ngxaki idlalwa ngaphambili yi-myalgia okanye imfiva. Kodwa oku akuphelelanga ubunzima obangela i-pericarditis eyomileyo. Iimpawu zigqibeleni zibonakalise ngokwazo iintlungu, ezikuloo ndawo esifubeni.

Iimpawu ezinjalo zinokuqhubeka iintsuku eziliqela kunye neveki, zibonakalisa ngokucacileyo kakuhle nge-sternum. Kukho iintlungu ezibuhlungu kwizandla zombini okanye kwelinye isalathiso esisentla, kunye nakumisipha ye-trapezius. Intlungu iba nzima xa izama ukutshintsha isikhundla somzimba. Xa ukukhwehlela, ukugwinya nokuphefumla, ukuvakalelwa okungazenzisiyo kunokukwenza bazive beziva.

Kwimeko yeengxaki ezinjenge-pericarditis eyomile, iimpawu ziyancipha xa umntu ehlala kwindawo yokuhlala. Kodwa ukuba isiguli silele emhlane wakhe, umphumo uya kuguqulwa - imeko yezempilo iya kuba nzima.

Kwezinye iimeko, i-syndrome yeentlungu ingabangela ingxaki kwixesha. Kule meko, irradiation iya kugcinwa kwisinye okanye zombini ngezandla. Le meko ingakhuthaza i-myocardial infarction.

Kule meko, ukungabikho kwezi zintlungu ezichazwe apha ngasentla kunokwenzeka ngexesha lophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwenkqubo yokuqokelela amanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le meko ingenxa yokubunjwa kwengxaki kunye ne-pericardium kwimvelaphi yesifo sofuba, i-uremia, izilonda ze-tumor kunye neeseshoni zokutsalwa kweemitha.

Kodwa i-syndrome yesifo ayiyena kuphela uphawu oluhambelana ne-pericarditis eyomileyo. Kungase kube lula ukuphefumla kunye nemiqondiso ye-dysphagia.

I-pericarditis

Ngalolu hlobo lwesifo, isifo sokuqala nesona sisobala kakhulu intlungu kwintsimi yentliziyo. Kule meko, indawo yokuvela kunye namandla ovuyo olungathandekiyo lunokutshintsha.

Ngokuqhelekileyo intlungu ibonwa kwinqanaba elincinane le-sternum okanye kwisihloko senhliziyo. Isalathiso esinokwenzeka entanyeni, isalathanga sehlombe kunye nengalo.

Xa kukho ukukhushulwa kwe-pericarditis, iimpawu zibonakalisa ngokwalo uhlobo olubi kakhulu. Le meko ingafana ne-infyoction ye-myocardial okanye i-pleurisy. Kwezinye iimeko, intlungu ibuhlungu kwaye iyancipha. Ngamanye amaxesha izigulane ziqala ukuziva uxinzelele entliziyweni.

Ukuba intlungu entliziyweni ivakalelwa ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa , ngoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuyimfuneko ukujongana ne-pericarditis eyomileyo.

Ngomngcipheko, i-dyspnoea ibonakala, ezo ziza kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-effusion kwisikhwama se-pericardial. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-liquide ngaphezulu iqokelele kwi-pericardium, enkulu iya kuba yinkinga yokuphefumla. Ukuze uphucule umgangatho wezempilo kwithuba elithile kufuneka uhlale phantsi. Kule meko, i-dyspnea iya kuncipha kakhulu ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-exudate kwicandelo elingaphantsi kwesikhwama se-pericardium kwaye, ngenxa yoko, uxinzelelo entliziyweni ngokwayo luya kuhla. Ukujikeleza kwegazi ekugqibeleni kuphucula, kwaye isigulane sivakalelwa.

I-dyspnea ngokwayo ihamba kunye nekhwehlo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zize zihlanza.

I-pericarditis ikhula njani kubantwana

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, ezinjalo iingxaki ngomsebenzi wentliziyo ziselula kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa eso sifo ngaphambi kokuba uninzi lwabantu lunokwenzeka.

Ngoko, i-pericarditis ibonakala njani kubantwana? Iimpawu kwizigulane ezincinci ezinje, njengabantu abadala, zivame ukubonakalisa ukuphuhliswa kwesinye, isifo esisisiseko. Ininzi idla ngokuba yimiphumo yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokuphawulekayo, lesi sifo sivela kwimvelaphi yesifo sofuba okanye isifo se-rheumatoid arthritis. Isizathu sesintlungu entliziyweni sinokuba kunye nomphumo kumzimba womntwana wezifo zengxube zomzimba, umzekelo, i-systemic lupus erythematosus.

Esinye isizathu sokuba kutheni i-bags ye-pericardial ichaphazelekayo isifo esibi kakhulu, kwaye, ngokungaqhelekanga, iinkqubo ze-septic. I-immunological genesis ibonakalisa ubuninzi be-childic pericarditis. Kwimeko yophuhliso lwe-perremarditis ebizwa ngokuthi i-uremic pericarditis kwi-failure ye-renal, isifo sinokuba yingozi.

Iingxaki ngebhegi ye-pericardial kubantwana abaneenkqubo ezixhamlileyo zidla ngokubanzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba bahlakulela kuba mhlawumbi ukugxilwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-pericardidium ukusuka kwi-myocardium, okanye ngenxa yokuqhuma kwe-hematogenous.

Ngokubhekiselele kwimpawu eziqhelekileyo, ingaquka i-cyanosis engancinci, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukunyamezela intlungu kwintliziyo kunye nomkhuhlane.

Kwimeko yophuhliso lwe-pericarditis eyomileyo, isandi sokungqubuzana saso siza kuvakala ngentliziyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ifomu elomileyo kufuneka libe yinto exudative kwaye oku kufuneka kulungiswe. Kule nkalo yentlungu kunye nentsimbi yokuqhaqhabalaka iyanyamalala, kodwa ubukhulu beentliziyo ezinobunzima bunweba kwaye yonke imeko ibuhlungu.

Nantsi indlela i-pericarditis yomntwana ibonisa ngayo. Iimpawu kunye nonyango kulolu hlobo kuphela ubuchule bogqirha. Abazali akufanele bazame ukuphazamisa umzimba womntwana wabo othandekayo ngokwabo. Ukutyelela ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele kuya kuba sisisombululo esona sihle.

Diagnostics

Kakade ke, akuzona zonke iifolk zasezidolophini ziinkcenkceshe kakhulu kwiingcali zokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo iimpawu ezicacileyo ze-pericarditis eyomile ngaphandle koncedo logqirha. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba kwiimeko zamachiza anamhlanje kukho ithuba lokufumana uvavanyo lokuthatha inxaxheba kwezigulane ezifanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba imeko yezempilo ibe nzima kwaye ibe neengcinga ezide zifana nezibonakaliso ze-pericarditis, umntu kufuneka ahambe kwangoko kugqirha oza kuthi, ngexesha loviwo, angabonisa ukuba khona kweempawu zangaphandle zesifo nesifo somlilo, kubandakanywa. Ngokuncedwa kwesohlwayo kwimeko ye-pericarditis, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane ingxolo yokuxubana kwesikhwama se-pericardial ngaphezu kwendawo yokunyameka kwenhliziyo.

Njengomthetho, ingxolo enjalo iyavakala ukuba ifumaneke umfanekiso ochanekileyo wesimo somguli. Ngenxa yoko, i-phonendoscope isetyenzisiwe, esicinezela ngokucacileyo kwisifuba. Isigulane ngeli xesha sifanele sibe kwindawo esithe tye, siphefumle xa sitshatyalaliswa.

Ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, i-laboratory data kunye nokufunda kwe-ECG kungasetyenziswa.

Iimpawu ze-pericarditis kwi-ECG, ngokukodwa kwindlela yayo eyomileyo, ibonakaliswe njengempawu ezibonakalisa umonakalo owenziwe kwi-myocardium. Ukuba kukho ukuqokelela okubonakalayo kombane, iimpawu zesifo solu hlobo lokuxilongwa ziya kuboniswa ngokunciphisa umbane we-QRS complexes.

Unyango

Ngesifo esinjenge-pericarditis, iimpawu kunye nonyango kufuna ukuvavanya ngokufanelekileyo kunye nendlela. Okokuqala, kufuneka ulungiselele ukulala ngokulala. Lo mgaqo ubaluleke ngokukodwa xa kuthengwa uhlobo lokugqithisa kwesifo. Ngokomyinge, ulawulo olunjalo luhlala malunga neenyanga kwaye luyakwandiswa kuphela ukuba uphuculo olubalulekileyo kwimeko yesigulane luyabonakala.

Ukuba kukho i-pericarditis eyomileyo, akukho mfuneko enzima yokuhlala ulala embhedeni.

Kodwa, ukubuyela kwifom ye-exudative, ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba kunye nokuhlaselwa kwayo, ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba lokunyamekela kakhulu kuyimfuneko. Isigulane sifanele sihlolwe ngugqirha we- thoracic. Ngokubhekisele kwisondlo ngexesha lesifo ezifana ne-pericarditis, lo mbandela ulungiswa ngokuqwalasela isifo esisisiseko.

Ukuba imbangela yokuqokelela kwamanzi e-pericardium yintsholongwane, unyango lwe-antibiotics lungabhalwa. Kwimeko yesifo sofuba, loo mayeza asetyenziswayo, kodwa olu unyango luya kuthatha ixesha elide.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kukho iingxaki nge-pericardium, umphumo ulawulwa ngezilwanyana ezichasayo. Ukunciphisa ubunzima be-pericarditis kunye nokunciphisa i-syndrome yesifo, izidakamizwa ezingekho komzimba ezifana ne-Voltaren, i-Indomethacin, kunye nezinye ezifanelekileyo.

I-Glucocorticosteroids ukongeza kwimiphumo engentla ingenayo imiphumo yokuzibulala. Ngenxa yoko, bachazwa njengee-agent ezisebenzayo zonyango lwe-pathogenetic.

Ezi zi yobisi ziboniswa xa kuhlolwe iindidi ezilandelayo ze-pericarditis:

- nge-infyoction ye-myocardial, yi-syndrome ye-Dressler;

- xa kukho izifo zesistim zezixhobo ezixhumeneyo;

- ukuba kukho inkqubo yokwenza i-rheumatic process;

- kunye ne-pericarditis eqhubekayo enesifo;

Ifom ye-exudative kunye nesizathu esingachazwanga kwaye ihamba nekhondo elibi.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, inkunkuma efana nePrednisolone imiselwe. Le khosi iphela, njengomthetho, iiveki eziliqela ngokucinywa ngokukhawuleza kokusetyenziswa kwesi siluleko.

Inqwalaselo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekugqibeleni i-pericardium. Ku malunga nokubethelwa kwesigxina se-pericardium sac kunye nokukhupha i-effusion, edala uxinzelelo entliziyweni. Ukutshatyalaliswa okunjalo kwenziwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho ukuqokelela ngokukhawuleza kokugqithisa okubangelwa usongelo lwe- tamponade yesifo.

Ukugqithwa kungenziwa kwakhona ngefomenti yesifo, emva kokususa i-liquid kwi-pericardium, iyeza-antibiotics kunye neminye imishanguzo yezolimo ilawulwa ngedaliti.

olwenzeka ngokukhawuleza ulwelo nako kukhokelela kuphuhliso pericarditis constrictive. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthintela sodium chloride lokuthathwa kweqela le-2 g ngosuku nokunciphisa kakhulu umlinganiselo wokubanzi ndiyaphela isigulane. Eyona uya kubekwa womchamo.

utyando enokwenziwa kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Oku ekukhethwa ukuba asetyenziswe kungekho ziphumo zinqwenelekayo emva unyango ngexesha pericarditis constrictive. Xa imeko yomguli kuphucula ugqirha owenza perikardektomiyu ukukhulula ventricle lasekhohlo intliziyo ukucudisa rhoqo.

amayeza abantu

Kukho inani iindlela ezizezinye ukuphembelela imiba efana pericarditis. Iimpawu kunye nonyango amayeza intsomi ezibonisa izifo - ngumxholo njalo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba indawo iindlela ezithandwayo inkqubo yonyango lokuqala - impazamo enkulu. ukuqokelelana ulwelo kwi pericardium yingxaki, walandelwa ngokukhawuleza iingxaki eziya kusebenza Nokwethisa ngaphandle unyango Uxilongo kunye nengcali abanobuchule.

amayeza Folk zivumelekile kuphela sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo, njengoko neziphumo ezihamba. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko phulo asamkelekanga, kungcono ukuthatha inyathelo emva kokubonisana gqirha khona.

Njengoko ngokuba potions kanye, mixube ezamkelekileyo ukususela esinqeni, amaqunube, hawthorn, kunye Wort eSt kaYohane.

Kuba abo izilwanyana, kuya kuba isihloko efanelekileyo: "Pericarditis ku Dogs:. Iimpawu and Treatment" Enyanisweni, lo pericardium inokuba iingxaki kwezinye izilwanyana. Iimpawu le ngxaki azezi imbonakalo ifiva, iintlungu entliziyweni, kwakunye ingcinezelo izilwanyana ngokubanzi nzima. Ngokubanzi, iimpawu ezifanayo ikhondo sifo ebantwini, ngoko ke urhulumente odandathekileyo lwesilwanyana sasekhaya Kulungile ukuba lo wempahla, kungenjalo ojamelana nazo iingxaki ezinzulu.

Iimpawu pericarditis angenzeka izilwanyana kunye nasemva ukwenzakala bezicatshulwa ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba inja yakho omthandayo yaphuka, ukuba amalungiselelo ukujonga isimo sayo ngokusebenzisa ixesha kukho unxibelelwano.

iziphumo

Pericarditis sisifo kakhulu, ngoko ke angena kubethwa ngoyaba. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-townsfolk kufuneka ufunde ubuncinane ezineempawu ezifanayo. Oku kuya kuvumela ixesha ukuqaphela izifo eziyingozi ufune iingcebiso zonyango. Ngale ndlela, kukho onke amathuba unyango olusebenzayo, ukuthintela iingxaki kunokwenzeka. Musa ukulibala ukuba ubunyani ukuqokelelana ulwelo ehlabathini intliziyo alusebenzi, kungenzeka yingozi. Ngoko ke kengoku kungcono ukufumana ixesha kutyelela ngakumbi kwagqirha.