Iifrigate "Admiral Grigorovich": iifoto, ukwakha kunye umkhankaso

amandla ukuqubula aselwandle of Russia emehlweni onke amadoda okwenyaniso. Emva kweminyaka emininzi ngexesha apho umkhosi weza ukuhla, ekugqibeleni waqalisa maxesha wayo, sikhatshwe kokugunyaziswa kweeyunithi ezintsha bazifezekisayo iimfuneko zenkulungwane entsha. Phakathi kwazo, kukho awahlali yeProjekthi 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," wango-14 Matshi 2014.

Yintoni a awahlali Russian

ESoviet iinqanawa yokuhlela waseManzini kule klasi, njengokuba awahlali, yayingeyiyo. Bakha a iinqanawa ezinkulu anti-inkwili (Get) kunye patrol (IC), leyo wayizalela umthwalo iphambili zokuqinisekisa inviolability umda amanzi USSR kwandiswa. Ukususela ngo-1968, inkundla yasemkhosini kweprojekthi 1135, eyakhelwe-mveliso "Yantar" baye baqalisa ukufika kwinkonzo fleet. Uthotho iinqanawa elinesibhozo, njengesiqhelo, yathiywa emva iyunithi wayo wokuqala, "petrel". inkonzo Guard kwakhona wayisa "Norei" (Project 11351), wakha ziyifunxe (iziqwenga 39). Ezinye zazo nangoku kwinkonzo, kodwa ixesha kunye amaza oyingqwangangqwili, izixhobo lidla ukuba ukunxiba kunye nokuguga engqondweni. Amava wazuza abaziinkunkqele ekuphuhliseni ezi ntlobo ingqalelo. Baya kuza imikhombe projekthi entsha indawo yazo - 11356 iklasi "Admiral Grigorovich," elivumelana elamkeleke navies ezininzi zehlabathi ingcamango "awahlali" njengokuba ukubana, kunye ukulwa ubunakho. Mhlawumbi lo iklasi iya siqhelane Russian lwaphela.

Imbeko umntu ogama inqanawa kunye nothotho

I "Admiral Grigorovich," kule minyaka izayo uya kuqhubeka ngenxa frigates ezine sabekwa nguThixo, sithwele amagama abaphathi abaziwayo Russian Essen, Makarov, Butakova kunye Istomin. kweenjengele Naval, ezi zaziwa kakhulu kubantu abanomdla kwimbali Russia nemikhosi yayo exhobileyo. Bonke baye odumileyo ngexesha wokhuselo yobuqhawe ePort Arthur ngexesha leMfazwe Russian-Japanese ka-1905-1907. Kulo mzekelo, unguyena mncinanana kubo bonke abemi bethu bayazi ukuba nobizo inqanawa isihloko ngcelele - ". Admiral Grigorovich" awahlali Kukho kungenzeka ibe njalo kuba biography of laseburhulumenteni yamajoni elizukiswayo awuhambisani kakhulu iingcinga ze yiSoviet ngayo izwe.

Ukusuka midshipman ku wempi

Ik Grigorovich wazalwa ngo-1853. Weza wenqanawa nje midshipman, owaphumelela Naval Academy. baqhawula irhoxisiwe Ulwazi, ngenxa yesi sizathu, amashumi amabini anesihlanu amagosa bathunyelwa North American States kwi iqela leengcaphephe ngenxa ukwamkeleka iinqanawa ezine iklasi "Cruiser", ngokomthetho-shipyards Philadelphia. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, ngowe-1883, Grigorovich waba umphathi wokuqala "telltales 'ezindilisekileyo kakhulu akaveli uyezibuko zibuko. Kwakubonakala, ohambo azikho yimpumelelo kakhulu, kodwa abanetalente, khuthalelani simbombozela abaphathi igosa waphawula. Elandelwa iinguqulelo ezininzi, inkonzo kwaba nzima ngakumbi, kodwa umdla.

Admiral kaThixo Kwangaphambili

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX, kuba ukhonza attaché yomkhosi eLondon, yaye ngowe-1904 bafumana ukuqeshwa entsha kwisikhundla sokuba umthetheli-isiseko yomkhosi wamanzi yasePort Arthur, apho wafika kwebhulorho "Tsarevich" armadillo. Ekungqingweni, nasekuxinweni Japanese Ik Grigorovich wazibonakalisa ngesandla ilungileyo, akwazi ukondla zonke wokhuselo eziyimfuneko. Ukususela ngo-1911, uSekela Admiral usesikhundleni isithuba uMphathiswa Imperial Russian Navy. amacebo akhe baye kuphuhliso lwabo emva 1917. Zonke Zempi Soviet Russia, umntu wesithathu abonakalisi, cruisers nesiqingatha phantse wahamba phambi kokuba imfazwe ngu Grigorovich kuphuhliswa iinkqubo maxesha. Admiral ngokwakhe, Noko ke, abazange ukwamkela yamaBolshevik korhulumente, wahlala emveni kokuba revolution, lo Riviera isiFrentshi, apho - emva kweminyaka emithandathu ekuthinjweni - wafa ngowe-1930.

indawo yokuphumla lokugqibela eluthuthwini urhulumente imbeko Russian kunye nani yomkhosi wamanzi yaphunyezwa ngo-2005. Ngokutsho ngokokuthanda oswelekileyo, waza wangcwatywa egumbini usapho e St Nicholas emangcwabeni of St. Petersburg.

imbonakalo umkhumbi

Selesondele ekuhleni "Admiral Grigorovitch" amanzi ngoMatshi 14, abanye ukulibaziseka ebangelwe imozulu. Lo msitho ubuzinyaswe omkhulu-umzukulwana Artyom Moskovchenko ngqwayi yomkhosi, kunye nomzukulwana wakhe Olga Petrova, owawatshabalalisayo kunye ibhotile yemveli champagne esiqwini. Ngoko ke okokuqala badibana inqanawa amaza elwandle "Admiral Grigorovich." Amafoto ayithimba le mzuzu elimisiweyo. Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo merit alimwi yomkhosi phambi lizwe ekhaya bachukunyiswa inzala yakhe.

Ngokutsho izalamane, utatomkhulu wakhe waba yintloko engqongqo, ange ihlolwe yonke into, ukusuka Isiqu ukuya esinqeni, ngaphambi kokwenza awahlali. Grigorovich, kuyabonakala ukuba, bendiya kuba unokunganeliseki sisiphumo lokuhlolwa. Esi sikhephe safika kwindawo udumo. Ekubeni ilifa iimpawu intle iiprojekthi zangaphambili, le isithuthi multi-injongo efumaneke iimpawu ezintsha uphawu ezininzi iisampuli mihla kwezixhobo zaselwandle. imisele kwamanzi zinika navigability zobuhlalu, izindlu ezikhulu wenza usebenzisa iteknoloji ukubona eliphantsi. Isixhobo uthobela ngeteknoloji entsha kakhulu kunye neeletroniki ezithengiswayo. Likhangeleka awahlali "Admiral Grigorovich, 'umxhelo, mihla nabanamandla.

Injongo lomkhumbi

wempi nganye yayisakhiwa ngendlela njongo, ukwenza imisebenzi ethile kakhulu. Olu hlobo isixhobo yahlukile kwezinye iindleko eziphezulu kakhulu kwaye iyunithi ngokwawo, kunye nokusebenza kwayo okwalandela.

Iifrigate Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," ezenzelwe ukuba kuliwe umsebenzi amazwe akwiMeditera apho wafika, nendawo ekhayeni lakhe ukusuka ekuqaleni kwisixeko ecwangcisiweyo uzuko Russian - Sevastopol. Black Sea Fleet abadinga leenqanawa mihla, lo msebenzi NATO kwingingqi kwayimfuneko impendulo. Noko ke, stand-alone umgama (malunga namawaka amahlanu iimayile ezisetyenziswa elwandle) uvumela bemka ngaphaya beyeka zone esicaciswe, umzekelo, ukuze ndilwe abaphangi, kwakunye kwezinye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga. Zemisebenzi ukucombulula awahlali "Admiral Grigorovich," zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Uyakwazi ukumelana ngempumelelo inomzimba, umoya kunye enomjukujelwa nokuhlaselwa, akwazi ukuba alwe izenzo ezinobutshaba. Izixhobo ebhodini, ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukubetha nayiphi ekujoliswe kwamanzi okanye ngaphezulu-kwamanzi, kubandakanywa abathwali moya yeetoni ngeenqanawa.

izikhali complex

Kaloku izixhobo nqanawa eziphambili - izindululi "ukuvuleka-NK" ngenxa imijukujelwa iza "Onyx" (3M-54TE). Isibhozo kubo, le iinkqubo enzulu kakhulu abakwaziyo ukubetha nayiphi into kwi kolwandle naphezu komhlaba. Ehlabathini abanayo analogue.

Ukukhusela ekuhlaseleni kunokwenzeka baphume emkhombeni emoyeni "Admiral Grygorovych" uye iinkqubo ezimbini umoya ukuziphendulela, ebizwa ngokuba "Zolani 1" (kwi yokugcina imijukujelwa ekhokelwa 36) kunye "Palash". Eyokuqala kwezi - rocket multi-channel, nto leyo ethetha ukuba baqhubeke kwaye betha ekujoliswe eziliqela ngaxeshanye. Eyesibini i oluphezulu lwe irula-zokudubula complex, kwakunye ezimbini "Dirk" inkqubo, ikwanoxanduva ukhuseleko elibala. iiyunithi ezimbini A-190 ngokokwakheka ziqulathe imipu okukhulu-adubula kwihlabathi zizicatshulwa 100 mm. Ezimbini TA ukuhlalisa ngasinye ezintathu inomzimba-533 mm. Gqibezela ukhuseleko enamandla ixesha avavanywa mortars ngexabiso RBU-6000. Kwaye, kakade, 11356 awahlali "Admiral Grigorovich," njengoko nasiphi na isikhephe onogada mihla, wayengekho ngaphandle iphiko salo ngohlobo ntaka Ka-31 (ukusetyenziswa Ka-27, PL).

ukubonakala low

Namhlanje, phantsi ekufihleni ngaqondi nje umbala imibala ukuzifihla, eqinisekisa ukufihla ubuninzi kwisiqalo kwamanzi olwandle kunye nesibhakabhaka. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko, ubhaqo olubonakalayo yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo ingqondo, kodwa ke kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ayibonakali radar yotshaba enokwenzeka. radar mgaqo iyafana naleyo ekuqaleni eyasungulwa. Kubonakala electron umqadi ophezulu rhoqo ubonisa indawo zonke izinto, ezinemithi ngaphezu komgangatho wolwandle. Ukunciphisa ukubonakala, kusenokwenzeka ukwenza ngeendlela ezimbini: ukuba batshintshe yamasuntswana kwemali kwelinye icala okanye ukufunxa radiation. Kunye, la manyathelo aye igama "banyebeleza Technology". Iifrigate Project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich, 'yaye, ke, neenqanawa zonke ezilandelayo kule ngcelele abe utyikityo ephantsi Elinye Labaniki ndawo utshaba enokwenzeka. Yenziwe luhlobo ekhethekileyo kwezindlu, kunye uxoxa, equka ezithambekileyo, absorber ukutyabeka ezizodwa kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki, ziqhwalelisa Ubhaqo inqanawa ukuyibona. Ubuninzi izixhobo kunye nezixhobo efihliweyo emva imiphezulu uvikele. Kakade ke, ongenakubonakala ngokupheleleyo yerada nqanawa esinokwenziwa, kodwa sifumana awahlali elwandle "Grigorovich" kuya kuba nzima kakhulu.

kwiimodyuli

Ngokutsho technology igobhogobho eqhelekileyo ukuba ilele phezu esitokisini, ngoko kwakhiwa ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke iinqanawa zakhiwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Kodwa ubuchwepheshe uba yahlukile kule minyaka ilishumi idluleyo. sithabathela ingqalelo imfuneko langoku ngokukhawuleza kunye ukufakelwa kwezixhobo ezitsha, maxa wambi enkulu. Izindlu sakhiwe iindawo, ukuze, xa kukho imfuneko undocking, sasingayi kunokubangela iingxaki zobuchwepheshe. Ukwakhiwa awahlali "Admiral Grigorovich," eveliswa ngendlela yemodyuli, eziphambili kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Inqanawa uba isakhono bucala maxesha, nto leyo evumela ukubuyisela nakuphi iindawo ukusuka powertrain ukuya izixhobo zombane.

Indian iifrigate

lweshishini izityalo State "Yantar" sele ikhona ukususela 1945 uloyiso. Kwi-German Königsberg yaba yokwakhela "Sheehan," nto leyo yaba sisiseko yemveliso wenqanawa emva kwemfazwe, xa isixeko waba Soviet lweBaltic. Ngexesha ubukho sityalo wahamba ngaphezu kwekhulu iinqanawa, ubukhulu becala emkhosini.

Ukususela ngo-2007, ethunywe ngurhulumente Indian kwisityalo lweBaltic wenza umyalelo okhethekileyo: ukwakha iinqanawa ngenxa Navy yelizwe friendly. Le projekthi iyafana 11356, apho wadala awahlali "Admiral Grigorovich." Umahluko, Noko ke, kubalulekile. Into eqhelekileyo i "abazalwana" emibini umzimba, kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo. frigates Indian abaxhobileyo kunye neenkqubo enomjukujelwa "Brahmos", kunye izindululi nkqo.

Iinqanawa Seaworthiness Russian Siyavuya kangangokuba abathengi ukuba baye babonisa umnqweno wabo ukwakha yawo, yathengwa amaxwebhu zobugcisa. Ukuba banike uncedo uqondakalayo-sikhokelo yenkqubo nentsebenziswano emkhosini. Amagama frigates zokuqala ezine Indian thotho - "Talwar", "Tarkash", "Trikand" yaye "tag".

I complex W.

imfazwe kunye unxibelelwano utshaba kunye nolawulo Electronic ngoku baba njongo ephambili, isisombululo ngempumelelo apho phantse uqinisekisa woyise nawuphi utshaba. 11356 Iifrigate "Admiral Grigorovich," axhobe abane Crab PC-10 "Wayengoyiki." Ezi ufakelo desyatistvolnye zifana mortars rocket, kodwa ingxaki abanayo enye. Kunokuba ngqo ukoyisa iinqanawa utshaba bevelisa oonokrwece ukuba ukonakalisa bombane zee-arhente owayelutshaba. uphazamiseko ekhutshwa bazisunduze amathuba utshaba wezithuthi ukwabelana ngolwazi, blinding radar, bahlise inkqubo umoya wokhuselo.

ukudubula iinkqubo zokulawula

Long ingasekho le mihla xa kudubula "yi iliso". Nokuba nobunzima ulise kwi musa ukwanelisa iimfuno oomatiloshe ngenxa sendlela okuza kuphela ngokukhawuleza ngayo imeko kwibala namazibuko ukuya emfazweni. Izigqibo ukuba ukuvula umlilo - lilungelo leZiko eliQinisekisa ngqwayi, yaye ukubala parameters obethe enqanaweni trust matshini. Inqanawa "Admiral Grigorovich," uye iinkqubo computing ekwinqwelo enamandla ukuba ibalulekile ukuze nkqi impembelelo isixhobo ukuya target. Ulwazi ivela "Puma" radar, enomjukujelwa ukuqalisa inxaxheba kwinkqubo yolawulo "Vympel" 123-02, kwaye linoxanduva putts inomzimba "Purga-11356".

Ubungakanani nenani

Malunga ubungakanani iinqanawa igwetywe ukubana. "Admiral Grigorovich" - zehla emkhombeni, yaye ngako oko akufuneki ukuba zinkulu i yenethiwekhi moya. intlenge yakhe encinane, ukuya kutsho kwiimitha 7.5, leyo iyahambelana iimpawu woLwandle Black, leyo nzulu kwiindawo ezininzi. Ukubana malunga namawaka amane iitoni, nto leyo athi malunga ubukhulu. Ngokomzekelo, omnye Cruiser "Pet Veliky", lufikelela 25 thous. Iitoni.

Iifrigate "Admiral Grigorovich": ifoto kunye olinganise

Frigates - iinqanawa ezinkulu, kodwa hayi inkulu. Oku ke usisiqinisekiso uphume zabo, isantya kunye cwaka. Noko ke, omncinane ngeke ngokuba awahlali "Admiral Grigorovich." Ezinikezwe yi inkonzo cofa Navy kaThixo, qhalo abonisa kakhulu elide (iimitha 125). Izindlu ukuba side, inqanawa, njengoko kunjalo "abe" emacaleni, nto leyo ibonisa injini yayo. Isityalo amandla ezibandakanya ezimbini turbines igesi, ibalekisa isitya ukuya amaqhina-30, kwaye imo afterburner - oluikhawuleza kakhulu.

Eli qela iqulathe amagosa-18, 142 oomatiloshe amabini afohlela, abantu abangama-180. Ukulawula isiphekepheke ezintsonkothileyo, efana awahlali "Admiral Grigorovich," ufuna umgangatho ophezulu woqeqesho, ezihambelanayo, ezinamatheleneyo. Team, angaba kuphela iingcali okwenyaniso abathanda ulwandle, kakade, kwilizwe lakhe.