Plant "Hammer kunye irhengqa." Plant "Hammer and irhengqa", eMoscow

Insimbi phantse bekusoloko ngumqolo welizwe lethu, beninikela izinto yekrwada-ezifuneka kakhulu ekuveliseni oomatshini ukuze uqoqosho lwesizwe, ezenzululwazi kunye emkhosini. Kakade ke, uphuhliso yayo uye kwizigaba ezininzi ezinzima, konke kwaqala kangangezihlandlo kunokuba emnyama ...

Enye abameli ezigqamileyo zoshishino ngentsimbi na ke isityalo "Hammer kunye irhengqa."

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Ngowe-1883, i-usomashishini izama Goujon wakha inkampani encinane, elingcwele eMoscow steelmaking. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva waqalisa ukusebenza lo wokuqala ezikweni open-eziko, amafutha apho ngelo xesha waba oil amafutha. Ngowe-1913, oko kunyibilike phantse amawaka 90 iitoni ngentsimbi, nto leyo eye amaziko asixhenxe ukusebenza ngelo xesha. Le mveliso kakhulu benza ukukhululwa ayikho kakhulu ezikumgangatho ophezulu sentsimbi, rivet, izikrufu kunye ucingo.

emva Revolution

Ngowe-1918 inkampani uhulumeni. Lo mzi-mveliso, apho phantse yalahleka bonke abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, ndafumana ilifa enzima kakhulu. Xa kuthelekiswa 1913, imveliso yawa kwaoko ngokuphindwe 50. Ngowe-1921, isithuba lomlawuli we nkampani wamiselwa IR Burdachev, ngubani lokugqibela wayesebenza ngensimbi ngokwakhe. Kakhulu Bulelani kuye, imveliso wabuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye isebenzisa.

Kulo nyaka kwakukho isityalo "Hammer kunye irhengqa." Ngo-1925, waba ngumlawuli P. F. Stepanov, owathiywa 1928 wayengekabi nako ukuzisa isixa ngentsimbi uvelise kwinqanaba ka 1913. Ngo-1931, i-mveliso uye waba ngomnye kwamashishini phambili Association "yodidi", enika ilizwe ezikumgangatho ophezulu izinto wemveliso.

umthetho karate

Ukususela ngo-1938, lo mdlalo ekhokelwa G. M. ilin. Ke igama kwinkokeli onesiphiwo kungenxa ukunyuka okukhulu isixa ngentsimbi zaveliswa. Sele 1939 wawongwa Order of Lenin, ukuba iphumelele imbasa izityhwentywe zemali kunye nokuqondwa ngaloo minyaka.

Ngexesha lemfazwe, imveliso zange ayeke umzuzu. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba abasebenzi inkampani bezingabhekiselelanga ukuba ndibhenele ngaphambili, le mveliso ndashiyeka ukulwa abahlaseli amakhulu steelmakers abanetalente kunye metallurgists. yonke Isihlabo umsebenzi bawa phezu kwamagxa abasebenzi abatsha kunye nabasetyhini. Njengoko kubonakala iingxelo ngaloo minyaka, isityalo "Hammer and irhengqa" yadlala indima ebalulekileyo koyiswe iintshaba.

Kodwa lanikwa ukuba abasebenzi bayo nzima: kwindawo yolondolozo kwaloo minyaka ulwazi oluninzi malunga nendlela steelmakers wawa nje ibe nabasemabeleni olambileyo ngeenxa wakwaMowabhi. Umntu ukumangaliswa kuphela ngenkalipho: Umsebenzi onzima onjalo kuyakhathaza, amadoda anamandla emzimbeni, ukuba asingethi, kudane elivisayo isiqingatha-yindlala!

ngemva kwempi

Nangona ukutshatyalaliswa elinzima imfazwe, emva kwemfazwe, inkampani ngokukhawuleza ukunyusa izinga lemveliso, ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha ukunyibilikisa ye insimbi. Ngoko, kakade 1949 iqela mveliso yaphumelela ibhaso State zokufumana netheknoloji ngokusebenzisa oxygen njengoko lokunyibilikisa isinyithi kwi emlilweni open-ezonka. Kungekudala, le nkqubo iye ngokubanzi kusetyenziselwa kuphela mveliso ekhaya, kodwa mveliso aphesheya.

Ukongeza, emva konyaka ibhaso efanayo yanikwa steelmakers, abaye bakwazi kakhulu ukunciphisa ixesha elichithwa kwi lokunyibilikisa isinyithi. Ukwanda kakhulu kwimveliso kunye nomgangatho inkcubeko yafikelelwa malunga ngexesha elinye iziko yafuduswa oyile nerhasi. Ukususela ngowe-1945 ukuya 1971 inani impahla liqengqiwe kabini.

technology entsha ukunyibilikisa

Ukususela ngo-1963, inkqubo translation baqalisa yemveliso kombane. Ngoko ke, ubuchwepheshe yokunyibilika electroslag (ESHL) wadalwa kwaye lugqibelele ngaloo minyaka. Sele 1978, iikhompyutha lwasekhaya kwangena imveliso.

Nayo yonke le misebenzi, kwiminyaka emihlanu kuphela oluyi-umgangatho steel stainless liye landa ngoko nangoko nge-21%. Nangona yokuba 1973 kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso omkhulu kwisityalo, imveliso intsimbi zange ayeke ukuba usuku olulodwa. Kuphela yokugqibela eYurophu, vula-iziko lenziwa wayeka ngo-1976: olunye metal lokunyibilikisa kwaqhubeka kwi iteknoloji eselekhulile kakhulu.

Lonke ixesha elizayo, kude ekuweni eSoviet Union, inani izinto eziveliswe ekrwada ngokuqhubekayo kwandisa. Wakhula iimfuno zezolimo kunye nomkhosi, isixa esikhulu ngentsimbi efunekayo ukuze ukugcwala ngokukhawuleza kwamandla beenqanawa kwilizwe lonke kwakhiwa hydro kunye namandla enyukliya, nto leyo nayo ukuze kwakhiwe metal efunekayo ezininzi.

Uninzi neemfuno inxalenye yaseYurophu lizwe enikiweyo igama zesityalo eMoscow "Hammer kunye irhengqa."

iminyaka 90

Kanye Iinkampani ezininzi kweli lizwe, wamiswa ziinguqu kakhulu ebomini eli lizwe. Inani kwemiyalelo karhulumente lehla laya zero, chaza okubuhlungu wayeza kuba mba. Ngowe-1990, imveliso kwamiswa ngokupheleleyo.

Kude kube 2000, isityalo "Hammer and irhengqa" wayenza ukukhululwa ngamaxesha imveliso, ngokufuthi kungekho ngokunxulumene iprofayile ephambili yale lweshishini.

ngexesha elitsha

Xa ekuqaleni kowama-2000 ngenxa mveliso phantse ishiywe waqalisa ukutsala isiThathu Ring Road, kukho iqela kwezindululo kwi projekthi zophuhliso ethembisayo. Njengesiqhelo, kwabuzwa zobulungiseleli phakathi bangavumelani, kodwa emva koko akazange avume kuba.

Ngo-2007, kwaye kunjalo yabanjwa ukuba kwintsimi enkulu bamshiya "Hammer and irhengqa" mveliso ziza kusetyenziselwa ukwakha elinye iziko loshishino.

KuDisemba izicwangciso zitshintshile a bit: kwacetywa ukukhokela ukwakhiwa iivenkile nje kuphela, kodwa ilifa yorhwebo kunye yokuhlala yokwenene. It akwaziwa ukuba kutheni, kodwa ayizange ifakwe kunyaka-2012 akukho isiseko elinye. imithombo ezizimeleyo kubonisa ukuba lo mba we-52% kota ku kwisityalo, ephethwe nguRhulumente mmandla, nangenxa imvume yokwakha ukufumana kanti akunjalo lula.

uphuhliso

Koko iya kuba kummandla apho ngoku kumi isityalo "Hammer and irhengqa"? EMoscow ikholelwa ukuba ngeli xesha izithili zoshishino omtsha kumele kwenzeke. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukwakhiwa kwamaziko ukuzonwabisa, amanzi ipaki kunye namanye amaziko entlalo.

Ngelishwa, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku akukho nakancane ukuba i "Hammer and irhengqa" Metallurgical yeziTyalo, obonelela kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo, iimfuno zemeko kwi intsimbi ophezulu-grade, unako kwakhona. Noko ke, abezopolitiko ezininzi kunye namaqela kokusingqongileyo bathi ugwetyelwa ngokupheleleyo: isixa omkhulu ezinobungozi ezikhutshwayo emoyeni, yaye embindini isixeko enabantu abaninzi, abahlali impilo entle ngokucacileyo added.

Ukongeza, ukufaneleka kokugunyaziswa sesityalo sentsimbi enkulu, nto leyo ke into kubaluleke qhinga, Akukude imida asentshona, nayo bakhohlwa. Iingcali abaninzi bayavuma ukuba kuya kuba ngcono ukuba uyibeke phezu kummandla eSiberia.

ezinye iinkampani

Apho enye i "Hammer and irhengqa" mboni? Saratov unalo igama enye inkampani, nto leyo nayo benza ke lokunyibilikisa kwensimbi. Ngokungafaniyo "asebenza 'yakhe eMoscow kwi nkampani ngoku benza kwiprofayili yomsebenzi wabo. Iveliswe ukwakha jikelele kunye maxesha.

Isityalo unalo igama efanayo e Kazan. Oku ukwenza kwimveliso lweemveliso kwicandelo lobunjineli kunye nokwenziwa isixhobo.