Ifilosofi lolwimi

ulwimi lwabantu - into ekhethekileyo, elisuke laba enye yeempawu eziphambili ezahlula abantu kwizilwanyana. Inika abantu ithuba lokwabelana naluphi na ulwazi, amava njalo njalo. Nokuba izizwe umva Afrika kunye Guinea iilwimi zabo, isakhiwo ngokwegrama apho kunokuba nzima ngamanye amaxesha. Kunzima ukucinga kukungabikho ezinjalo iindlela zonxibelelwano.

Ulwimi - inkqubo abalinganiswa abathile (audio, ezibhaliweyo, njalo-njalo), esiza kusetyenziswa abantu ukunxibelelana, ukukhutshelwa kolwazi kunye nolwazi. iiyunithi ayo ngamazwi kuphela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa inikeza kwakunye izicatshulwa apho enziwa amagama nezivakalisi.

Imisebenzi esemqoka zolwimi: ebonisa, oko kukuthi inkcazelo iinkqubo nesigama, unxibelelwano - unxibelelwano. uhlobo layo kawonke - oko kukuthi, ezo zifundo besebenzisa oko zibonakaliswa ngendlela esebenzayo jikelele.

Ngokwahlukileyo inkolelo ethandwayo, ulwimi ngokuba njengendlela yonxibelelwano asetyenziswa ngabantu (IsiNgesi, IsiRussian, njl) nje kuphela. Kukho kwakhona ekuthiwa ngeelwimi 'ngumntu ". Ezi ziquka: Ukufaneleka kwinzululwazi, kweenkqubo, imathematika, kwakunye Esperanto ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Ukuba inani iilwimi zendalo ngoku kulo lonke ihlabathi ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini, inani womntu-ukubala enzima ngokwenene. Ngabaya, indawo ekhethekileyo ngokusesikweni kunye umatshini.

ulwimi Natural iyafana inkqubo zeesimboli, ulwazi oluthile sisiphumo ingqondo yemveli yabantu. It ubonisa inkcubeko ethandwayo kwaye yindlela wokuchaza iziganeko nezibakala, ngokutsho ingqiqo, leyo eyavela kwithuba elingaphezu kwekhulu kwezinye abantu, ubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Eneneni, akukho nto iza kuhamba ngaphaya ulwimi lwabantu, ukuba ayinakuchazwa besebenzisa isigama kunye nesakhiwo zegrama. Kuba yonke into eyenzekayo lungabonakaliswa okanye emiselwe ngokusebenzisa ulwimi lezifundo intanda yakhe. Uphando olunjalo ndlela yokuthetha nayo ibalulekile bengqondo, Ezolimi kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi.

ngefilosofi ulwimi luquka indawo ebanzi kakhulu yophando. It ufunda ukuzalana phakathi kolwimi, ukucinga leyinene, kwakunye nolwazi unokulityhila udibaniso data. Zonke iinkalo ezintathu ezingundoqo kuluhlu enokubonwa oluzimeleyo, ixhomekeke kwenye.

Ifilosofi of Language ibandakanya iinkalo ezifana nembali, kwingcingane kunye yokuhlalisana ulwimi, ibhayoloji, Ezolimi, logic, iye ephanda undoqo ulwimi, imvelaphi yalo kwakunye nomsebenzi eluntwini. Umongo libekwe umsebenzi wayo ezimbini: ukuba indlela yokuqhagamshelana kwaye ngaxeshanye njengesixhobo ingcinga. bulumko Ulwimi kudla ingqalelo njengendlela yokwakha kunye uvakalisa iingcinga.

Iindlela zonxibelelwano nengcaciso yokucinga iye ihlawulwe elide ingqalelo enkulu kungekhona kuphela bulumko okanye logic, kodwa unqulo. Kudala ngaphambi kokuba kubekho ifilosofi ulwimi, iBhayibhile yabhalwa ezi zilandelayo: ". Ekuqalekeni ube ekho uLizwi ... uLizwi enguThixo" Ngamanye amazwi, ababhali iBhayibhile ezichaza waphezulu ulwimi. Yena, kwiinkolelo zawo, luphawu indalo kaThixo. ngefilosofi ulwimi ukutolika amagama ngamnye njengembonakaliso kweekhonsepthi, iimbono, okanye njengoko igama nesenzeko okanye izinto.

kwakhona uhlolisisa ezi zindululo ngamnye. Nasiphi isindululo libe nokuthathelwa ingqalelo ukususela iimbono ezimbini: 1) oko siyafana enyanisweni, 2) indlela bundle amagama isebenzisa. Ngoko ke, kwimeko yokuqala ngayo ingqalelo intsingiselo yalo kunye nenjongo, yaye okwesibini - igrama. Ukusuka kwindawo yokuqala zesindululo inokuba kuyinyaniso okanye bubuxoki, kunye yesibini - athobele umthetho igrama okanye musa lekise.

Zobulumko XVIII-XX kwiinkulungwane abebesoloko kubaluleke kakhulu ubudlelwane phakathi kwala magama kunye amazwi okuzichaza. Ilizwi waqala ukuba waqonda ukuba unyulo yokucinga okanye imvakalelo. Baqala ke ukuba kuvela ingcamango ubengo, iilwimi ngumntu. Ukongezelela koko, amaxesha amaninzi kule nkulungwane iphelileyo, iinzame zenziwa ukudala ulwimi olufanayo kuzo zonke iintlanga. Ngenxa yoko umntu onjalo umzamo malunga 150 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, le zamehlo Warsaw wadalwa Esperanto. Okwangoku, le ulwimi iqondwa abantu abazizigidi ezibini. Noko ke, kubomi bemihla ngemihla cishe mntu uthetha.

Okwangoku, kukho izinto ezintathu ezingundoqo ifilosofi ulwimi. Eyokuqala kwezi - igama bulumko (izinto, ngumongo izimvo), oko kukuthi igama elichaza kakuhle eli sifundo. Okwesibini - oku kwintanda-bulumko vavisa. Isivisa - yinto ibinzana emele umqondiso into. Ngokumalunga iseti lesithathu imilinganiselo.