Maks Sheler. Ukufundwa zeentanda-Max Scheler

Maks Sheler wazalwa, wahlala kwixesha utshintsho olukhawulezayo zentlalo ehlabathini, abawabelwayo uhlobo revolution nemfazwe. On isimo sakhe waphembelela iimfundiso iinkcuba ezininzi German, kunye kabani iimbono adibana njengomfundi. Aziwa ngokuphathelele yakhe yokufundwa bulumko, egqalwa kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe.

Eli nqaku linika ulwazi malunga biography of bulumko, ubomi bakhe kunye nendlela ezinobuchule befuna bulumko.

curriculum vitae

Wazalwa sobulumko German maks Sheler Agasti 22, 1874 eMunich. Umama wakhe, Sophia, waba priverzhenka lobuYuda Orthodox. Bawo, Gottlieb - kumProtestanti.

Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini, i-Max oselula waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo waza waqalisa nemfundo yakhe ngakumbi kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo zelizwe;

• ukufunda amayeza, intanda, kwengqondo e eMunich;
• yokuhlalisana kunye nefilosofi ye Simmel kunye Dilthey e Berlin;
• bulumko, Eucken ne Liebman;
• Uqoqosho lwesizwe Pierstofa;
• Geography Regel;
• Wamela ithisisi yakhe phantsi kolwalathiso Ndiniken;
• internship kwiYunivesithi yase Heidelberg;
• Yena uqala ukusebenza kwi University of Jena.

NgoSeptemba 1899 uyayitshintsha inkolo yakhe, ukuthatha ubuKatolika. Ngowe-1902 lo wakowabo kunye Husserl.

Sobulumko wafunda kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo kweli lizwe. Yaba efanayo kunye nomsebenzi wakhe. Maxa wambi, uye wafundisa kwi neeyunivesithi Munich, Göttingen, Cologne, Frankfurt. Yena wonyuselwa ukuba ngunjingalwazi. Ngeli xesha wabhala waza wapapasha abaninzi imisebenzi yakhe zenzululwazi.

Ukufa bafumanana e Frankfurt May 19, 1928. Bamngcwabela umzimba kwi kumangcwaba emazantsi Cologne.

impilo Personal

Ngexesha lakhe, Scheler kusemthethweni watshata izihlandlo ezithathu. Umfazi wakhe wokuqala Amelia Ottilia, lowo watshata ngo-1899. Emtshatweni wazalwa inkwenkwe Wolfgang ngo-1906. Kwiminyaka elishumi yobomi bakhe maks Sheler yaliwa watshata noMaria Furtwängler.

Ngowe-1920, kukho intlanganiso Maria Neck, kodwa umfazi wakhe wesibini ke umtshato kuphela ngo-1923. Kunyaka ozayo uya ngokusemthethweni ulwalamano lwakhe kwinkosikazi yakhe, nto leyo iveki emva kokufa kwakhe, wayeza kuzala unyana, Maksa Georga. Yena ukuhlela kwakhona kwaye iya kupapasha ingqokelela imisebenzi le njengomntwana onengqondo German emva kokufa kwakhe.

izigaba creative

Abaphandi iindlela creative sobulumko, kukho izigaba ezibini eziphambili. Ekuqaleni, i maks Sheler sivavanya imiba enxulumene nesimilo, iimvakalelo, inkolo. Eli xesha waze malunga 1922. Ngelo xesha yena enxulumene ngokusondeleyo ne Husserl.

Isigaba sesibini lathatha de kufe sisazinzulu, yena abazinikele utoliko yobuThixo nje umsebenzi oqhubekayo, ezifana into uhamba indlela yokuba ndawonye yonke imbali yoluntu.

Kuba imibuzo zigutyungelwe ifilosofi uyilo, inokufunyanwa ngokuhlola imisebenzi yakhe. Bona zaguqulelwa ukusuka German zibe uncedo Russian kubemi abathetha isiRashiya.

lemveliso iqhosha

Enye imisebenzi edume Scheler ngaba impendulo Heidegger, "Le umntu esithubeni." Kuyo, yena wagxininisa imfuneko yokuba kwakhiwe yokufundwa bulumko, eya kuba inzululwazi esisiseko yobuntu.

Yena kuqala wazi ezi ngcinga ngowe-1927 kwi "School of Ubulumko 'akhoyo kunye ngoncedo kwengxelo" Imeko olukhethekeliyo umntu ", nto leyo kamva sizakugqibezela nokuthiya ngokutsha.

Lo msebenzi, nto leyo eye inguqulelo yalo ukusuka German zibe Russian, umbhali ubona inxalenye kwabantu imvelo. Le ncwadi ibhekisa ixesha lokugqibela nzulu ngezinto yoyilo.

Ukufundwa nefilosofi

Max Scheler kakhulu ndikhathazeke undoqo womntu. Wayefuna ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo: Yintoni na umntu? Sazi waqonda ukuba impendulo kunzima, ngenxa yokuba indoda ebanzi kakhulu kwaye ezahlukeneyo ukufumana inkcazelo yakhe.

iingcinga zakhe kwabunjwa ngexesha zaloo ubundlobongela, xa ihlabathi ebona iimfazwe wamagazi. Ngaphezu koko, uhlanga yaseJamani yaba ngathi akukho enye, kuthetha kwezi ziganeko. Sheler maks, ogama iincwadi baziwa ehlabathini lonke, wayila imfundiso leyo kuba nako ukusombulula iingxaki yesizwe embi kakhulu. Wazama ukufumana asindise abantu bakhe.

Into ebalulekileyo yokufundwa yakhe ukuvunywa kuphazamiseka ethile kwihlabathi engaphakathi zabantu. Sobulumko isigqibo yeentlobo ezimbini zeenkcubeko eyayikho yokufundwa Western, khetha nemvo lihlazo, hayi ityala. Kwangaxeshanye, wayekholelwa ukuba uluntu eziphuhlileyo mihla kufuna umbingelelo omkhulu inxalenye iimfuno zabantu zendalo. Wabiza le ngxaki yokusetyenziswa intellectualism ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ngokwembono yakhe, umntu umele aqonde kwaye bazi ukuguquguquka kwazo kwinkqubo yokuba. Kufuneka sidlale indima yalo kule nkqubo ohlangeneyo imbopheleleko enkulu. Enye yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo yoluntu mihla, wayekholelwa umntu ngamnye unoxanduva ubukho senkcubeko yoluntu.