I-Toxoplasmosis egazini: i-anti-IgG isifo somzimba

Ngokwezibalo, bonke abemi besithathu belizwe lethu bavelele kwi-toxoplasmosis. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abathwali besi sifo abazi kakuhle ngemeko yabo, ekubeni isifo singasibonakali kuyo yonke into - umntu akanalo nayiphi na impawu. Ngenxa yokulula, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukudluliselwa kwesifo, ukuxilongwa kunye neendlela zonyango kunikwa ingqalelo enganeleyo. Nangona kwezinye iimeko, intsholongwane ingakhokelela kwimiphumo ebulalayo kunye neengxaki ezinzulu. Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba i-toxoplasmosis ifumaneka kwigazi? Isiqhelo kunye nokuphambuka kwezikhombisi, indlela i-immunoglobulins yamaqela e-IgG kunye ne-IgM afake isandla ekufumaneni ukusuleleka kosuleleko, nendlela yokulawula nokukhusela eso sifo, ichazwe kweli nqaku.

Yintoni i-toxoplasmosis?

Isifo esithathelanayo sisifo se-toxoplasmosis sibangelwa zizidumbu. Iinqwelisi eziphambili zezilwanyana eziphilayo ziinkati. Kodwa iimveliso zokuphila zezilwanyana ziwela emhlabathini, zisuka apho zingasasazeka kwizithuthi zesikhashana: iingcongolo, iibhokhwe, iinkomo. Ngomhlaba, ii-spores ze-infathogens zingafikelela kwimifuno. Ngaloo ndlela, umntu unokusuleleka kwizandla ezingahlambulukanga, ngakumbi emva kokudibana nezilwanyana kunye nokusebenzisa inyama kunye nemifuno engaphelelwanga. Xa i-parasite ingena emzimbeni, i-toxoplasmosis iyaqhubeka. I-antibody standard iyaqhubeka kule nkalo ukufumaneka kwe-IgM immunoglobulin ngenxa yokuhlalutya.

Ukuphendula komzimba kwintsholongwane nge-toxoplasmosis

Njengoko naluphi na olunye unyango, umzimba womntu uphendula isifo kwi-toxoplasmosis ngokusebenzisa amaqumrhu okukhusela omzimba. Ngokufanayo-ukuveliswa kwee-antibodies ezikhethekileyo, i-immunoglobulins yamaqela amaprotheni amaGG ne-IgM.

Emva kokufumanisa i- microorganism (i-antigen) ye- pathogenic (i-antigen), iiseli ze-immune system ziqala ukuvelisa iintsholongwane ezijoliswe ekupheliseni intsholongwane ethile. Babiza abo bancedisi ekulwa nesifo "i-immunoglobulins yeqela le-IgG". Ukufumana i-antigen ethile, bayawubopha, bayitshabalalise isakhiwo. Ngokuphuhliswa kwesifo esinjenge-toxoplasmosis, isiqhelo kwigazi le-IgG kukufunyanwa kwale qela le-immunoglobulins ngosuku lwesithathu emva kokusuleleka. Zigcinwa ubomi bonke, zikhusela abantu besifo se sibini. Ngaloo ndlela, i-toxoplasmosis inokusulelwa yodwa kuphela, emva koko i-immune immune kwi-parasite, i-agent engumnxeba wesifo, iveliswa.

Xa i-toxoplasmosis isulelekile, amanye amaqela e-immunoglobulins, okokuthi, i-IgM, isetyenziselwa ukunceda umzimba ukulwa nesifo. Ngaba i-toxoplasmosis ifumaneka? Isiqhelo se-antibodies kulo mzekelo kukufunyanwa kwe-IgM immunoglobulins egazini emva kokuba i-parasite ingene emzimbeni. Kodwa i-immunoglobulins yeqela le-IgM ayikwazi ukukhusela umntu ekusulelekeni kwintsholongwane, kuba sele iphelile ukuveliswa malunga neeveki ezi-2-4 emva kokusuleleka.

Iipropati ze-IgG immunoglobulins

Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ngokubanzi iinkcukacha nemisebenzi kunye neepropati ezenziwa yi-IgG immunoglobulins emzimbeni xa unesifo sesifo ezifana ne-toxoplasmosis. I-Norm IgG - loo nto ingenangqiqo. Ukuba khona kwama-immunoglobulins kweli qela kunokubonisa isibini isigaba esiqatha sesifo kunye nenkqubo ende. Amagciwane anokulwa njani nesifo? Benza imisebenzi emininzi yokukhusela umzimba kunye nokuchaphazela kakubi ukusetyenziswa kwe-pathogen, oku:

• Ukunciphisa i-toxins eveliswa yi-parasite;
• Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokukhawuleza (xhumana ne-pathogen);
• Khuthaza i-phagocytosis;
• Ngaba unesakhiwo sokungena kwi-placenta, ngaloo ndlela wenze isifo esingasigxina kwi-fetus.

Inomdla kwaye ibalulekile kukuba i-immunoglobulin ye-IgG i-80% yazo zonke i-immunoglobulins emzimbeni. Ukongezelela, ngeendlela ezingapheliyo zokusuleleka kunye nezifo ezizimeleyo, ipesenti ye-IgG immunoglobulins iyanda.

Ukumiswa kwe-immunoglobulin IgG

Ngokuqhelekileyo, imilinganiselo yokulinganisela ye-immunoglobulins ayenzwanga kuhlalutyo lwe-toxoplasmosis. Isiqhelo egazini yikhombisi yokufumanisa okanye ukungabikho kwama-immunoglobulins. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiziphumo zoluhlalutyo, ukuphawula okunjalo "okulungileyo" okanye "kakubi" kuphawulwe. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, ngokwemiqondiso, ugqirha unokumisela uhlalutyo oluthile lokuhlalutya. Ukuzisa imilinganiselo ethile ye-IgG izibonakaliso ze-immunoglobulin kunzima, kuba i-laboratory nganye inemilinganiselo yayo. Ukwahlukana okunjalo kubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kweempawu zamakhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lohlalutyo lwe-toxoplasmosis egazini. Isiqhelo siyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeka kwi-laboratory. Ngokomzekelo, le miqathango ilandelayo ingacaciswa:

1. Ungayichaza njani iziphumo zohlalutyo lwe-toxoplasmosis? Inani le-IgG lingaphantsi kwama-700 mg / dl. Isiphumo esihle sesilingo sokulinganisa inani le-immunoglobulins yeqela le-IgG lixabiso le-700-1600 mg / dl okanye i-7-16 g / l. Iimpawu ezingezantsi kwemida echaziweyo zibhekwa njengesiphumo esibi.
2. Ukusebenzisa ezinye iiyunithi zemilinganiselo, loo migaqo ye-immunoglobulin i-IgG impawu ibonisiwe: ngaphezulu kwe-12 U / ml ibhekwa njengesiphumo esihle, ngaphantsi kwe-9 U / ml-negative, ixabiso phakathi kwale miqathango lingaqiniseki kwaye lifuna izifundo ezongezelelweyo.

Kungakhathaliseki indlela izibonakaliso zokuhlalutya kwe-toxoplasmosis ziboniswa ngayo , ukuchazwa kwesi siphumo kunenani elifanayo. Ingaba yimiphumo emihle efumaneka kwi-toxoplasmosis egazini? Isiqhelo kukuba ubukho be-IgG antibodies kunye nokungabikho kwe-IgM. Ukuba khona kwe-IgG kwinqaku lokuhlola kubonisa ukuba i-organism idibene ne-agent causative ye-toxoplasmosis. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu ukhuselwe ngokusesikweni kwintsholongwane yesibini. Kodwa ngelo xesha, iziphumo ezinjalo zingabonisa ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuphikisa le ngcamango, kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya iiparameters ze-IgM immunoglobulins ezibonakala emzimbeni kuphela ngexesha lesiganeko sesifo. Ngako oko, ubukho bezilwanyana ezinjalo kubonisa ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu kumntwana. Kule meko, ugqirha ugxeka "i-toxoplasmosis." Isiqhelo egazini kukungabikho kwama-antibodies ukusuka kwiqela le-IgM. Ezi zikhombisi zibonisa intsholongwane yexesha elide kunye nokungabikho kwengozi emzimbeni.

Ukuba iziphumo zoluhlalutyo lubonisa ukungabikho kwe-immunoglobulins ye-IgG emzimbeni, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo akhethekileyo ukukhusela usuleleko ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ekubeni iziphumo ezinjalo zibonisa ukungabikho kwezixhobo zokukhusela ezikhuselekileyo kwi-toxoplasmosis.

Izindlela zokufumanisa i-toxoplasmosis

Kukho iintlobo ezilandelayo zokuxilongwa kwe-toxoplasmosis:

1. Immunological ne serological. Zisekelwe kuphela kwiimpawu zomzimba ukuba zivelise izifo zengcinezelo kwintsholongwane. Ngoncedo lweenkqubo zovavanyo ezizodwa, ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwe-immunoglobulins IgG kunye ne-IgM. Ngaloo ndlela, akunakwenzeka kuphela ukufumanisa ubukho be-antibodies ekhuselekileyo emzimbeni, kodwa kwakhona ukuxilonga isigaba esichukumisayo se-toxoplasmosis ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Unikwe uhlalutyo lwe-toxoplasmosis egazini? Isiqhelo kukufumanisa i-IgG antibodies kunye nokungabikho kwe-IgM.
2. Iindlela zokufumana ngokuthe ngqo iipasisiti - uphando usebenzisa i-microscopy okanye i-PCR.
3. Izindlela zokusetyenziswa kwee-instrumental zisetyenziselwa kuphela kwiimeko ezinzima kunye neengxabano. Faka isicelo se-ultrasound, uviwo lwekhompyutha kunye nabanye.
4. Isampula ye-biological ingabonisa nokuba khona kweqela le-IgG emzimbeni we-immunoglobulins. Emva kokulawulwa kwamanqwanqwa kweyeza ezikhethekileyo, i-reaction iyabonwa iintsuku ezimbini. Xa kukho ukuvuvukala, umphumo omuhle ubhalwa.

Indlela yokuxilongwa kwe-toxoplasmosis ELISA

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i -assay immunosorbent e-enzyme edibeneyo isetyenziselwa ukucacisa i-toxoplasmosis. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ufumane isigqibo sokusulela isifo, ukuseka isigaba esiqatha sesi sifo. Ukuchonga izikhombisi ezinjalo kungenxa yokufumana i-IgM immunoglobulins. Ukuba le fomu ithi: "i-toxoplasmosis: eqhelekileyo egazini," umphumo uthetha ukuba akukho sigaba esiqatha sesi sifo.

Ukuchithwa kwemilinganiselo kuyimilinganiselo kwaye ayinanto ekhethekileyo ekuhlalutheni ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Makhe siqwalasele ngokubanzi iinkcukacha zeziphumo ukuba: "isigaba esiqingqiweyo sesifo" kunye "ne-toxoplasmosis: evamile egazini". Itheyibhile engezansi inikeza umzekelo wezalathisi kunye nokutyunjwa kwazo. Ngalo:

I-Toxoplasmosis: iqhelekileyo egazini ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Isifo esinjalo esibonakala singenakubungozi, njenge-toxoplasmosis, singazibonakalisa njengengxaki enzima kubantu abane-immunity. Kodwa esi sifo sinobungozi ngakumbi kumfazi okhulelwe kunye nomntwana wakhe, ekubeni i-parasite ingena ngaphakathi kwiplacenta ize ichithe umntwana ongakazalwa. Ukuzikhusela okungapheliyo kwemvumba akukwazi ukumelana ne-agent agent, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi umntwana uyafa. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba intsholongwane yowesifazane okhulelweyo kwimimiselo yamandulo iyakwazi ukuphazamiseka, ukukhula, ukubunjwa kwezilwanyana ezingahambisani nobomi.

Usulelo olusemva komhla lukhokelela ekuzalweni kwangaphambi kokuzalwa, ukuzalwa komntwana, ukubonakala komntwana onomdla okhulayo, njengokuba:

• Ukuvuvukala kwe-retina, ukungaboni;
• Iintlanzi;
• Ukwanda kweengxube kunye nesibindi;
• Ukuchithwa kophuhliso lwezitho zangaphakathi;
• Jaundice;
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenkqubo ye-nervous central (ukuxubha, ukukhubazeka, i-hydrocephalus, i-oligophrenia, ukuxhwala, i-encephalitis);
• Pneumonia;
• Ukuphulwa kwentliziyo;
• Ukukhubazeka kwangaphandle: umlomo womlomo kunye nentlungu, ukukhubazeka kweentambo zentambo, i-hernia, i-hermaphroditism, i-strabismus, i-cataracts kunye nokunye.

Uninzi lwezifo ezizalwe apha ngasentla lukhokelela ekufeni kwabantwana ngexesha leveki zokuqala zokuphila okanye ukukhubazeka okukhulu. Kukho iimeko zokuzalwa komntwana ngaphandle kokuchazwa, ekubonweni kokuqala, kwi-pathologies. Kodwa ngonyaka wokuqala wobomi kukho iimpawu ze-toxoplasmosis ezinzima.

Ukunikezelwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokungenwa kwintsholongwane yomntwana ongakazalwa, oogqirha ngexesha lokucwangcisa, ukukhulelwa, kunye nokukhulelwa kokunyanzela amabhinqa ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi ukusuleleka kwe-TORCH, equka isifundo kwi-toxoplasmosis. Isiqhelo sokuhlalutya ngexesha lokukhulelwa ahlukanga kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezamkelekileyo.

Ukonyango okukhawuleza kwandisa kakhulu amathuba omntwana ophilileyo. Kule meko, izibonelelo zamachiza ezisetyenzisiweyo zidlulileyo kwingozi engabangela.

Iimpawu zonyango lwe-toxoplasmosis

Kwindlela yokuhlalutya isiphumo "i-toxoplasmosis: isiqhelo egazini" iboniswa - unyango alufunwa kulo mzekelo. Kwimeko ezininzi nge-microorganism, i-immune system ikwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokuzimela. Unyango luyalelwe kuphela ngenxa yokuphulwa kweempawu ezahlukeneyo kwezi zilandelayo:

• Nge-toxoplasmosis ekhuselekileyo ukwenzela ukukhusela iingxaki ezinzulu kwizigulane zikaGawulayo kunye nabafazi abakhulelweyo;
• Kwifomu engapheliyo yesifo ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa ngenjongo yokwakheka kweempendulo zomsombululo oqhelekileyo;
• Unyango lunokumiselwa kwi-toxoplasmosis engapheliyo kwimeko ye-chorioretinitis, ukungabikho komntwana, ukukhulelwa kwesisu.

Unyango lwe-toxoplasmosis kubantu abanokukhubazeka okukhuselekileyo ekungabikho kokukhulelwa

Abantu abane-immunocompromised banokumiselwa iziyobisi ezahlukileyo, kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zeempawu kunye nembali:

• "Fundir".
• "Delagil."
• "Tetracycline."
• Doxycycline.
• "Prednisolone."
• "Spiramycin".
• "Trichopol".
• Folcium.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo abavunyelwe ukuthatha izibisi ezilapha ngasentla.

Unyango lwe-toxoplasmosis kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo

Ungayichaza njani uhlalutyo lwe-toxoplasmosis kumama ozayo? Isiqhelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa sinqunywe ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwee-parasite ezibangelwayo okanye izikhusela ezikhuselekileyo zeqela le-Igg ne-IgM.

Ukuba uhlalutyo luqinisekisile ukuba kukho isigaba esichukumisayo sosulelo, enye yezinto zokwelapha ezimbini zingasetyenziswa:

1. Ukutyunjwa kwe "Rovamycin" kunokwenzeka kwiikhosi ezahlukeneyo: iiyunithi eziyi-1.5 zezigidi kabini ngosuku kwiiveki ezi-6; Iiyunithi eziyizigidi ezi-3 kabini ngosuku iintsuku ezi-4 okanye iiyunithi ezintathu zezigidi ezintathu ngosuku ngosuku lweentsuku ezili-10. Ukunika olo hlobo lonyango ixesha elingekho ngaphaya kweeveki eziyi-16 zokukhulelwa.
2. Isakhiwo esibandakanya "iPrimrimethamine" kunye ne "Sulfadaxine". Isixa kunye nobude bekhosi ziboniswa ngugqirha. Unyango lunokumiselwa emva kweeveki ezingama-20 zokukhulelwa.
3. Xa kwenzeka ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, unyango lwePrednisolone luyimfuneko.
4. Kwakhona kwiimeko ezinzima zisebenza "i-Spiramycin".

Izindlela zokuthintela

Ukuba ucwangcisa umntwana, kwaye iziphumo zeemvavanyo azibonanga i-antibodies kwi-toxoplasmosis, ayikho enye indlela yokukhusela ikusasa lomntwana kwisifo, ngaphandle kweendlela zokukhusela. Ngokusekelwe kolwazi lweendlela zokusuleleka, sinokuzibona ezi zilandelayo:

• Ncipha umnxibelelwano kunye nezilwanyana kulo lonke ixesha lokugaya;
• Ungadli inyama eluhlaza kunye nongcolileyo, imifuno engahlambulukanga;
• Sebenza nomhlaba kuphela kwiiglavu zerabha ;
• Ungalibali ukuhlamba izandla zakho ngokuthe rhoqo kwaye rhoqo.

Imithetho enjalo elula iya kunceda ukugcina ingxaki kuphela, kodwa ubomi bomntwana ongakazalwa kunye nomama ozayo.

Ngokusekelwe kwingcaciso echazwe kwinqaku, sinokugqiba ukuba i-toxoplasmosis isifo esiyingozi kakhulu kumama ozayo kunye nosana lwakhe. Kodwa iyeza zanamhlanje ziyakwazi ukufumana amanqwelwane athile ngexesha elifanelekileyo, elikhusela umzimba kwiintsholongwane. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukuba kungekhona kuphela ukunikela ngexesha, kodwa ngokuchanekileyo ukutolika iziphumo zohlalutyo lwe-toxoplasmosis. Isiqhelo kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo ahlukekiyo nakubonakaliso ngokubanzi. Ngaloo ndlela, ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwe-IgG immunoglobulins kunokubonisa ngokuthe ngqo imifanekiso yeekliniki. Ngoko ke, kholose ingcali - ulandele ngokusisigxina zonke iingcebiso zakhe, ungazibandakanyi ngokuzichazela iziphumo. Kule meko, ukubeleka ngokuphumelelayo komntwana onempilo kuphezulu kakhulu. Yimpilo!