I-sugar cane, umveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo

I-sugar cane yindawo engapheliyo, isityalo esincinci se-herbaceous sentsapho yezolimo. Ikhulile kwimimandla esezantsi kunye nezolimo ezitshatyalalisayo ukuvelisa i-sucrose kunye nezinye i-product-products of sugar production.

Inkcazo yenkcubeko

I-sugar sugar ibukeka njenge-bamboo. Iziqu zalo zikhula ezinxanini ezincinci, zibe nesimo se-cylindrical size sifinyelele ukuphakama ukuya kwiimitha ezi sixhenxe kunye nobubanzi bomitha ukuya kwisibhozo. Kuvela kwiphunga leempawu ezinokuthi iswekile ifumaneka. Kwiingcambu zesitshixo ngasinye yizintso (ocelli), eziza kukhula zibe ngamahlumela amancinane. Zisetyenziselwa ukusasazwa kwerhasi yetshukela ngendlela yokusasazeka. Imbewu ikhiwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu le-inflorescence (kwi-panicles). Ziye zisetyenziselwa ukuzalisa iintlobo ezintsha zeentsika kwaye kuphela kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga - ngendlela ye-inoculum.

I-sugar cane idinga umhlaba ovundiweyo, ubuninzi belanga kunye namanzi. Yingakho kuhlwayelwa kuphela kwiindawo ezinomdaka omshushu kunye neshushu. Ukufumana isixa esiphezulu se sucrose kwiimpawu (iipesenti ezili-17 zobunzima), isivuno sivuna ngokukhawuleza emva kokukhula kwesityalo kuphelisa ukuphakama.

Ukuveliswa kweShukela kumanqatha

I-sugar cane yindalo endala kunazo zonke ezitshalweyo kwaye enye kuphela evelisa iswefu e-Afrika, e-Oceania, eLatin America nase-Asia. EYurophu, iswekile kwi-sugar cane itholakala kuphela ePortugal naseSpain.

Imveliso yeswekile eRashiya ibuyela kwisahlulo sokuqala se-10 leminyaka, xa kwakhiwa umkhiqizo wokuqala ushukela eSt. Petersburg. Kwafunyenwe kwi- sugar cane eluhlaza yerhasi.

Ngokwesiko kwanamhlanje kuwo onke amazwe apho ushukela ukhula khona, iqhutywe kwaye ivelise ishukela elicokisekileyo, kwaye ayiyiyo imveliso eqhotyoshelweyo ngendlela yesanti-isanti. Ngokwenene, ukucoceka kweeshukela eluhlaza kufikela kuma-98 ekhulwini. Yithunyelwa ngaphandle kweRussia nakwamanye amazwe ngendlela yezinto ezibonakalayo, apho sele ifumana ishukela e-granulated.

Ngenxa yokuhlukana okubalulekileyo kwindlela yokwenziwa kweekhemikhali kunye nesakhiwo seetyhulwa zezityalo, inkqubo yezobuchwepheshe yenkqubo yokwenza i-sugar cane ihluke kakhulu kwimveliso ye- beet beet.

Ukufumana ushukela kwiingcongolo, iziqu zalo ziyanqunyulwa ngaphambi kokuba imilambo iqale. Kuloo mzuzu ufikelela kuma-12 ekhulwini e-fiber, ukuya kuma-21 ekhulwini kwishukela kunye nama-73 ekhulwini ngamanzi, kunye neeprotheni nezinto kunye nosawoti.

Emva koko, iziqu ezinqunywe zicinywe kwaye ngoncedo lweeforks zensimbi zifake i juzi kubo. Iqulethe malunga ne-0.03 yeeprotheyini, i-0.1% ye-starch, i-0.22 ekhulwini ye-nitrogen, i-0.29 ekhulwini i-salts (ikakhulukazi i-acid acids), i-18.36 ekhulwini i-sucrose, i-81 ekhulwini yamanzi kunye nepesenti ezincinci zezinto ezinamakha, Oko kukunika iphunga elikhethekileyo iphunga. Ukuhlukanisa iiprotheni kwijusi eluhlaza, faka i-lime esitsha kunye nokuyitshisa kuma-70 degrees. Olu bunzima luhlungiwe, kwaye emva kokukhuphuka luziswa kwi-crystallization yeswekile.

Sucrose: isicelo

I-Saccharose (ushukela oqhelekileyo) i-monoclinic i-crystals engenambala, echithwa kakuhle emanzini. Kwimveliso enkulu, itholakala kwiibhothi kunye neentsika, apho zifunyenwe ngeendlela zokwenziwa kobugcisa.

I-Sucrose isetyenziswe ngokuthe ngqo njengomveliso wokutya okanye njengenxalenye yemveliso eyahlukeneyo ye-confectionery. Kwinkxalabo enkulu isetyenziselwa ukukhusela. Ukongeza, i-sucrose isetyenziswe kwishishini likhemikhali ukuvelisa i-butanol, i-glycerol, i-dextran, i-ethanol kunye ne-citric acid.

Kwakhona, i-sucrose yinto ebalulekileyo yezinto eziphathekayo kwishishini lokuxuba imveliso yokuvelisa amayeza.

Ekugqibeleni, ndifuna ukuphawula ukuba i-sugar cane iyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuveliseni i-sucrose. Ingxelo yesibini kwi-production sugar sugar.