I-NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580: iimpawu, uvavanyo. Amakhadi evidiyo omdlalo

Abadlali beekhompyutheni zekhompyutheni ukuba i-PC yabo inokukhupha nayiphi na into entsha. Ngenxa yoko, unyaka ngamnye kufuneka sihlaziye i-hardware yethu. Ukongeza kwisidingo sokutshintsha indawo ezithile zekhompyutheni, kukho amaxesha apho kukho imfuneko yokufaka indawo yonke indawo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngamakhadi emifanekiso yemidlalo, ngokukodwa nge-nVidia GeForce GTX 580.

Ukungqubana

Njengoko kuzo zonke iindawo zobuchwepheshe, eli candelo libuye linamashishini angundoqo. I-NVidia kunye ne-AMD zikhupha amakhadi evidiyo rhoqo ngonyaka, zikhuphisana ngokukhawuleza, umgangatho kunye nokulungiswa. Imodeli nganye entsha evela kwi-AMD ifaka enye efanayo evela kwi-nVidia. Okukhethiweyo phakathi kwezi nkampani zimbini. Omnye waba nolwazi oluphumeleleyo usebenzisa i-nVidia, umntu uthembele ngokupheleleyo kwi-AMD.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwixesha apho enye okanye enye imodeli yekhadi levidiyo ibonakala kwi technocene ezivela kule nkampani, ezininzi iingxabano zivela kumaphephandaba nakwiifom. Ngokukodwa phakathi kwabo baqonda le ngxaki kwaye baneembono neembono zabo. Ezi ngxabano zihamba ngokungapheli kunye nenani elikhulu lokuphonononga kunye neemvavanyo. Indlela yokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo xa uthengisa ikhadi levidiyo lemidlalo, siza kuthetha kamva, kwaye ngoku sibheke entsha nVidia GTX 580 ekhohliweyo.

Intliziyo yesiqhwala

Lo mzekelo wekhadi levidiyo uvele ngo-2010. Emva kokukhishwa kwenani elikhulu lee-giants of real gaming, ezingekho nje umyalelo wobungakanani obungcono - ziphindwe ezilikhulu ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kwakukho abo bahlala bezinikezele kwi-GTX 580 ethandekayo. Iziphumo zekhadi levidiyo zavela ngokwenene. Inkqubo yecrafti efanelwe kwi-flagship yeGF110. Ngaphambi koko, iiproseshini zevidiyo kunye nesalathisi 104, 106 kunye no-108 sele zikhutshiwe, kodwa zonke ziyi-version yekhulu "ye-vidhody".

Isizukulwana esitsha saqala ukusebenza "entliziyweni" yeGF110. Yatshintshiwe kwi-100th version, eyafakwa kwi-GTX 465, i-470 kunye ne-480. Ukwahlula phakathi kwezi zibhengezo kwakuyixabiso lomsebenzi weebhloko ze-kernel.

U lungiso

Ukuqonda ukuba "ubuchopho" obutsha bube bhetele kangakanani kunaphambili, kufuneka ugxininise ezinye iinkcukacha. Zozo zombini iimodeli (100/110) zinamaqela amane, anoxanduva lokucwangcisa imifanekiso. Ngamnye wabo uqobo ufana ne-GPU ehlukeneyo. Amaqela axhotyiswe yonke into ayifunayo ukucwangcisa imifanekiso. Abanayo abalawuli beememori kunye neeROP kuphela.

Inkqubo yabaqhubi beeprojekthi zifanayo. Iqukethe amaqela amane anamaqela ahlukeneyo ahlukeneyo abane. Zineenkcukacha ezingama-32 zeCUDA. Kuvela iziqwenga ezingama-512. Iskimu sinokuquka iibhloko eziyi-8 ze-ROP kumaqela ayisithandathu, kwiiqendu ezingama-48. Iindidi zintandathu zineenkcukacha zokulawula imemori ye-64-bit. Kukho namanqanaba amabini ememori yokugcina. Iyokuqala inesitokwi se-256 KB, kwaye yesibini - ngo-768 KB.

Kwaye ngoku kuyafaneleka ukuba sisondele kwinyaniso. Kuye kwacaca ukuba eso sikimu sanikelwa kuqala kwi-GF100, kodwa ngenxa yeemeko ezingaqinisekanga, imarike yayiyi-processor ye "graphics" engaphezulu. Ngokweenkcukacha ezisemthethweni, umqhubi akazange akwazi ukukhupha iikristali eziphezulu, ngoko ke ngexesha lokwenza inxalenye yeebhloko zezinto ezisemgangathweni kufuneka zimiswe.

Isiganeko esinjalo asikwazanga ukudlula ngcali. Ngako oko, i-Intanethi isasaza imbono yokuba iNvidia inqume ukunciphisa nokugcina ithuba elizayo, njengokungathi icaza kwinguqu kamva ihlelwe kwi-GTX 580. Impawu "entsha" intliziyo entsha, eyayikhulelwe ngaphambili, yayingumGF110 kuphela.

Ukuphunyezwa

Ngenxa yokuba kukho ukungafani phakathi kweendlela ezimbini ze-GPU, andifuni ukubiza i-GF110 inguqulo ehlaziyiweyo. Ukwakhiwa kweebhloko ze-texture nazo zenze utshintsho. Ndiyabulela kule nkqubo yokucwangcisa kunye nokuhlunga imibala kwenzeka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimigudu. Nangona lesi sikimu asikho esitsha, kodwa kulo mzekelo kwakukwazi ukuziqonda ngokugcwele.

Kwakhona sathintela kwiInjini yeRaster. Ufumene ibhloko eliphambili, elijongene nokukhishwa kweendawo ezingabonakali kwisakhelo. Yongeza ifomathi ezintsha zeefayile. Ukuphunyezwa kwenzelwa ukuba "bajabule". Abaphuhlisi bathi ukusetyenziswa kweprojekthi entsha yeprojekti kufuneka kwandiswe. Ngokwenza oko, umsebenzi wakhe kumdlalo uphuculo ngo-6-7% ngokulinganayo.

Malunga neyona ndawo

Ngoko, ngoku kuyacaca ukuba le khadi entsha yevidiyo iye yavelisa kakhulu, nangona iprojekthi yecrafti ayifumananga naluphi na utshintsho olukhulu kwizakhiwo ngokubhekiselele kwi-predecessor GF100. Ngoku kukho ithuba lokuhlola i-GTX 580.

Iimpawu zekhadi levidiyo ziphuculwe ngokuphawulekayo. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nomzekelo wangaphambili we- GTX 480. Ijubane le-clock core linyuka ngamaqela angama-72 kwaye yaba ngu-772 MHz. Iiparameters zefriji yewashi yesitrasi se-shader zatshintshile: 1544 MHz.

Uhlobo lwememori yememori kunye nomthamo wayo awuzange utshintshwe, kunye nobubanzi bhasi. Iimpawu zoqobo kunye neempembelelo zemifanekiso yemifanekiso 1002/4008 vs 924/3696 ziye zanda ngokuphawulekayo. Olu phuculo lukhokelela ekubeni i -bandwidth yememori yakwandiswa ibe yi-192.4 GB / s. Kucacile ukuba, ezo zibonakaliso azikwazanga ukuzibamba ezinye iimpawu. Ngoko ke ukwanda kwinqanaba lokuzaliswa kwendawo ngamacandelo amaninzi, kwaye umveliso wemathematika uye wanda.

Izizathu zokuphucula

Ukukhula kweempawu ezininzi kunxulumene nezizathu ezininzi:

• Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukuba yi-nVidia GeForce GTX 580 kwakusenokwenzeka ukuba uqale ukuqaliswa kwazo zonke iibhloko ze-kernel.
• Ubume beprojekti yemifanekiso kunye neememori zevidiyo ziphuculwe ngumlinganiselo we-9%.
• Ukuphuculwa kunye nokwakhiwa kweebhloko zokufakela kunye neenjini ze-raster.

Ukuthembeka ngokubanzi

Abaqulunqi be-nVidia bakwazi ukuphucula iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo kwi-GTX 580. Akulula kakhulu ngoku ukugoba i-PCB. Ubude buhlala bufana, ngoko umzimba wonke ukhangeleka ngokwaneleyo. Ingqalelo ngokukodwa ukuba ikhadi likhishwe ngo-2010. Ngeli xesha, ngokuqinisekileyo, libukeka likhulu.

Iphaneli inamalungu amathathu, enye ye-mini-HDMI, enye i-DVI yesibini. Ngokomgaqo, oku kusetyenzisiwe kubo bonke abadlali, nakuba abaphangi beNVIDIA besenza amathuba amaninzi kumsebenzisi. Umcimbi kuphela kulo mhle ubuhle buhlala bubuninzi beentsimbi ezigubungela ukuvulwa komoya ovuthayo. Ukuba owokuqala kwindawo eyaziwayo kwaye uphefumlela umoya kwipaneli yangemuva, ke okwesibini ikhona kwicala elingaphandle.

Imali

Ngoku kulungele ukukhangela phantsi kwe-GTX 580. Ixabiso, ngendlela, ngexesha lokukhutshwa kweflagga kwaba ngu-$ 500, okwakungeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-giant, enoba iyabiza. Kodwa ubuyele ngaphakathi.

Ukuhlukanisa ibhodi ukusuka kumzekelo wangaphambili unokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezifundwayo. Uyilo olutsha lwalahlekelwa ngumxhamli ofanayo wokungena emoyeni ngetyhubhu, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ukubekwa uphawu kuye kwagcinwa. Ngaphambili, kwakukho "iibhanki" ze-electrolytic zendabuko, ngoku zatshintsha i-capacitor ye-ceram kwindawo yazo. Kodwa umda obonakalayo obalaseleyo ubume bee-microcircuits ezongezelelweyo, ezijongene nokubeka iliso kwi-hardware yomthwalo. Zibeka iliso okwangoku ezayo ebhodini ngokusebenzisa izixhumo.

Ukupholisa

Imodeli yangaphambili yekhadi levidiyo iye yaxhotyiswa ngenkqubo epholileyo yokupholisa. Oku kwakungenxa yokuba kwakukho isidingo sokuhlangabezana nombane "wokutshisa" iGF100. Ngaphandle kwayo yonke inguqu yobunjineli, le nkqubo ayikwazanga ukusombulula imimiselo yemisebenzi eyayidinga ukulungiswa kamva ngabaphuhlisi be-NVIDIA GeForce GTX 580. Bakha iteknoloji yeklasi yokuphuphuma. Ngelo xesha, bekudala kukhuthazwe ukuthengisa. Wathanda ukusebenzisa kwakhe kunye ne-AMD nkampani.

Xa ukudibanisa kulula ukuhlukana nomzimba oyintloko. Isakhiwo esiqinileyo sesinyithi apho igumbi lokukhuphuka lihlala khona yinkxaso yesakhiwo sonke. Inkqubo yokupholisa isebenza ngokucacileyo: i-liquid ekhethiweyo iphuma kumbane wokufudumala, iyancipha inxalenye ekhuhliweyo kwaye iphinda iphinde ibuyele. Kule macala akuyiyo ityhubhu, njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili, kodwa amacwecwe ahlanganisa ikhava yokuhambisa i-heat-distributing cover of the processor.

Uvavanyo

I-GTX 580 ihlolwe ngempumelelo, kwaye ayikho enye. Nangona aphumelelanga "iimviwo". Ngokomzekelo, ukujonga ukuhlunga kwe-RGB8 imiqondiso kubonise ukuba imodeli entsha ibuthakathaka ngakumbi kunabancintisana nabo be-AMD. Kodwa ukuvavanywa kwesantya se-shader kubonise iziphumo ezilungileyo, ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele kwi-GTX 480. Kodwa kukho ezininzi zazo imodeli entsha ilahlekelwe kakhulu kubadlali bayo.

Ngenxa yoko, ukuvavanya "i-vidhody" kubonise ukuba yinto engcono kakhulu kumsebenzi kunye neempawu zabathengi. Ikwabiwe inani elikhulu leebhloko ezisebenzayo, linesivinini sewashi esenyukayo, kunye nezinye iinguqu zendalo.

Clones

Kukho ama-clones ale khadi levidiyo. Ngokusekelwe kwi-GF110, ibe yomelele kunxalenye yayo. I-GTX 580, ixabiso lalo liphezulu kakhulu, laba likhulu kunabo bonke. Kodwa ukhuphiswano luhlala lukhona. Abavelisi banquma ukuvelisa iinguqulelo eziguquguqukileyo. Bayehluke kwiiyantlandlolo kuba babebenomzi ogqithiseleyo okanye inkqubo yokupholisa.

Enye yeprojekthi ephumeleleyo yayiyi-Zotac GeForce GTX 580. Nantsi sisebenzisa i-turbine ye-reference standard. Uyilo alufani nantoni na ephawulekayo. Ingundoqo inezigaba ezi-6 ze-node yamandla. Iichips zivela kwi-Samsung. "I-Viduha" iphuculwe, njengoko kuboniswe ngethuba lokunyuka kwe-810/1620 MHz.

Olu hlobo lwemodeli alunakuhluke kwi-original. Inzuzo yayo ihlala yinyani engaphezulu, nangona ingabalulekanga. Kodwa amandla anyukisayo ayithintela ingxolo nokutshisa. AmaGamers ayevuyiswa ngumthwalo, owawuquka i-toy entsha, iPrince yasePersia.

Ixesha langoku

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ngoku kunzima ukuvavanya lo mgangatho, kuba i-GTX 580 idlulileyo kwaye ibonakala ibuthathaka kakhulu kwimvelaphi yabanye. Unyaka we-2016 ngokwenene waba neqhamo kule nxalenye. Amakhadi evidiyo amageyimu sele angcono kwaye anamandla.

Yenza ukulinganisa kwabo akulula, kuba kunokuba ukukhethwa kwebalasethi kubadlali abafani. I-NVidia yazisa i-GeForce GTX 1080, ngoxa i-AMD ikhishwe umzekelo kwiimarike ezibi nakakhulu. Kodwa i-Radeon RX 480 iyakwazi ukungena kwicandelo eliphakathi kwaye ikhuphisane apho. Kusuka kwinkampani yokugqibela wonke umntu uye wayeka ukulinda ezinye iziqhwala. Kwaye kunye namakhadi evidiyo adlala nVidia "alahleke" ngaphandle, ngokungabikho ukhuphiswano "olutsha kuninzi."

Abo bazimisele ukunika i-ruble engama-5 engama-"thousand" kufuneka bajonge kwiGIGABYTE GV-N730D5OC-1GI. Kwixabiso lentengo ukuya kwii-ruble eziyi-10 ze-ruble yi-Palit GeForce GTX750Ti i-StormX yesibili, leyo, nangona ngaphambi kwesizukulwana sokugqibela, isakwazi ukuhlangabezana nayo yonke imidlalo. Abo bakulungele ukwahlukana nama-ruble ayi-15 amawaka, i-market isilungiselele abaqhubi be-GTX 960 kunye ne-R9 380. Ukuba ulungele ukuchitha ii-ruble ezingamawaka ezingama-20 kunye nokunye, jonga ngakumbi iGeForce GTX 1080.