Protein Ukwakhiwa: Yintoni esiyaziyo ngaye?

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba iiproteni eziyimfuneko kunye kwindawo engundoqo ye nayiphi esiphilayo. Ngabo abanoxanduva ukuguqulwa ukutya namandla, nto leyo kuhlangene ukuba phantse zonke iinkqubo ebalulekileyo. Owomileyo into uninzi ancedisana amalungu kwezilwanyana nabantu, kwaye ngaphezu kwama-50% yazo zonke iintsholongwane, ikakhulu akhiwa iiprotheni (40% ukuya kuma-50%). Ebukumkanini isityalo sabo ubunzima ezithile xa kuthelekiswa ixabiso umlinganiselo ngaphantsi, kwaye isilwanyana - ngakumbi. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa kweengongoma eekhemikhali leeprothini kubantu abaninzi akwaziwa. Makhe kwakhona ukukhumbula into ngaphakathi ezi eliphezulu neeplastikhi zendalo.

protein bokwakha

Le kweziyobisi avareji iqulathe malunga 50-55% carbon, 15-17% nitrogen, 21-23% ioksijini, 0.3-2.5% nesalfure. Ukongeza kula macandelo ezingundoqo, ngamanye amaxesha iiprotheni ziquka izinto mlinganiselo iphantsi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwako konke, eli phosphorus, intsimbi, ayodini, zekopolo nezinye ngemithamo ezithile kunye macronutrients. Exakayo, xi nitrogen unalo ukufika liphezulu, ngoxa umxholo amanye amacandelo angundoqo ungahluka. Xa echaza isakhiwo protein, ngokuyimfuneko kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba i Polymer mgaqweni wakha zeentsalela acid acid kwifomula apho umxube wamanzi pH kwifomu kakhulu ngokubanzi zibhalwe njengoko NH3 + CHRCOO-.

Phakathi kwezi "iibhloko zokwakha" aba yi yolwalamano amide phakathi carboxyl kunye ngomdla amaqela. Yonke indalo akuvezayo amawaka iiprotheni ezahlukeneyo. Le eklasini izilwa-buhlungu, iienzymes, iihomoni ezininzi kunye nezinye izinto esebenzayo eziphilayo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, nangona lo iyantlukwano Iprothini ukubunjwa inokuquka ingabi ngaphezu kwama-30 ezahlukeneyo acid, 20 apho kakhulu zithandwa. Xa abantu, bafumana-22 kuphela, intsalela nje kwelifunekayo kwaye salawo phandle. Eight acid eli qela kucingwa ukuba ufunwayo. It leucine, methionine, isoleucine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, threonine kunye valine. Yokuba umzimba wethu awukwazi nokulungelelanisa ezabo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukutya kwabo efunekayo ngaphandle. Esiseleyo (taurine, arginine, glycine, carnitine, asparagine, histidine, cysteine, glutamine, alanine, ornithine, tyrosine, proline, serine, cystine), kunokuba ukudala ngokuzimeleyo. Ngoko ke, le acid zithathwa iqela interchangeable. Kuxhomekeka ekubeni iqela lokuqala kwiproteni, kwakunye isidanga wayo afunxwa umzimba, neprothini yahlulahlulwe ophezulu-grade kunye ophantsi. I-avareji Izinga ukusetyenziswa yonke imihla izinto ukuya abantu ubuxoki kuluhlu ukusuka grams 1 ukuya 2 ikhilogram ubunzima bomzimba ngalinye. Ngelo xesha abantu amavila kufuneka anamathele osezantsi kolu luhlu, kwaye sporstmenov - ngaphezulu.

Indlela ukufunda ulwakhiwo protein

Kuba isifundo kwezi zinto na indlela haydrolisis ikakhulu babesebenzisa. Neprothini wocingo umdla itshiswe nge zehydrochloric acid yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano (6.10 Mol / ilitha) xa amaqondo obushushu ukusuka 100 ukuya 1100? C? C. Ngenxa yoko, oko iba ibe umxube asidi acid sele ngokubonelela asidi ngamnye acid. Okwangoku, ngokuba uhlahlelo oluninzi le protini zovavanyo ezisetyenzisiweyo iphepha, kunye chromatography ion exchange. Kukho nkqu analyzers oluzenzekelayo ezikhethekileyo kulula ukuchaza ngqo apho acid ziveliswa kubola.