I-deep-sea dive: iimpumelelo eziphambili kwiimbali

Ehlabathini, kukho ezinye iindawo ezininzi esaziyo ngaphantsi kwezinto ezininzi ezikhoyo. Ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele kumanzi angenakucinganiswa. Ngokwenzululwazi, inzululwazi ayizange iqale ukufundisisa ubomi obungaqondakaliyo phantsi kwezilwandle, lonke uphando luqala kwindlela.

Ukususela kunyaka unyaka kukho yonke imiphefumlo emininzi ekulungeleyo ekulungele ukwenza irekhodi elitsha lokuhambisa amanzi. Kwinqaku echaziweyo, ndingathanda ukuthetha ngokushukuma ngaphandle kwezixhobo, kunye ne-scuba gear kunye ncediso lwezinto zokuhlamba, eziye zenzeka embali.

Ubunzulu obunzulu bomntu

Kwixesha elide, umdlali weFrentshi uLoic Leferm wayengumnikazi werekhodi kwintsimi yokukhawuleza. Ngo-2002, wakwazi ukuqhuba ukudilika kwamanzi angama-162. Abaninzi abaninzi bazama ukuphucula lo mqondiso, kodwa babhubha elwandle. Ngo-2004 uLeforte ngokwakhe waba yintlanzi yakhe. Ngethuba lokuqeqeshwa lokubhukuda kwisibini se-oceanic sase-Villefranche-sur-Mer, wancipha i-171 mitha. Nangona kunjalo, umdlali akazange akwazi ukunyuka phezulu.

Ingxelo yokugqibela yokudilika kwamanzi yenziwe ngumntu waseAustria onguHerbert Nietzsch. Wakwazi ukuhla ukuya kwiimitha ezingama-214 ngaphandle kwe-cylinder cylinder. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuphumelela kweLoic Leferm kuhleli kwixesha elidlulileyo.

Ukurekhoda okudityanisiweyo kwamanzi phakathi kwamabhinqa

Iirekhodi eziliqela phakathi kwabasetyhini zibekwe ngumdlali weFrentshi u-Audrey Mestre. Ngomhla wama-29 kuMeyi, 1997, wahamba ngamanqanaba angama-80 kunye nokulibazisa komoya, kungekho ibhaluni emoyeni. Ngomnyaka kamva, u-Audrey waqhekeza irekhodi lakhe, wehla ephoseni lolwandle ngeemitha ezili-115. Ngomnyaka we-2001, umdlali wagxotha malunga neekhilomitha ezili-130. Le rekhodi, enesimo sehlabathi phakathi kwabasetyhini, inikwe u-Audrey kuze kube namhlanje.

Ngo-12 Oktobha 2002, uMestre wenza isilingo sokugqibela ebomini, ecima ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezili-171 zamitha ukusuka kunxweme yaseDominican Republic. Umgijimi wasebenzisa kuphela imithwalo ekhethekileyo, engathathi iibhotile ze-oxygen. Ukunyuka kwakuza kuqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa i-dome yomoya. Nangona kunjalo, okokugqibela akuzange kugcwaliswe. Emva kwemizuzu engama-8 emva kokuqala kwe-dive-deep water, umzimba ka-Audrey wabuyiselwa phezulu ngabaphathi be-scuba. Njengesizathu esisemthethweni sokufa komdlali wezemidlalo, iingxaki nezixhobo zokuphakamisa phezulu zaphawulwa.

Ukurekhoda i-scuba dive

Ngoku ke makhe sithethe nge-diving deep-sea with scuba. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo yenziwa yi-French diver Pascal Bernabe. Ehlotyeni ka-2005, wakwazi ukuhla waya kwidokodo lolwandle kwindawo engama-330 yamitha. Nangona ekuqaleni kwakucwangciswe ukulwa nobunzima beemitha ezingama-320. Ingxelo enjalo ibalulekileyo ngenxa yesiganeko esincinane. Ngethuba lezala uPascal welula intambo, eyayivumela ukuba ibhukude ngeemitha ezili-10 ezingaphezulu.

I-diver diver managed to climb up to the surface. Ukuqhaqhaza kwaqhubeka ixesha elide eli-9. Isizathu sokwanda ngokukhawuleza kwakuyimngcipheko omkhulu wokuhlawula isifo se-caisson, esingaholela ekubanjweni kokuphefumula nokulimala kwimithambo yegazi. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukuseka irekhodi uPascal Bernabe kufuneka achithe iminyaka engama-3 ekuqeqesheni rhoqo.

Ukurekhoda ibhodi kwi-bathyscaphe

NgoJanuwari 23, 1960, izazinzulu uDonald Walsh kunye noJacques Piccard babeka irekhodi lokudilika emanzini emanzini kwisithuthi. Xa behamba emanqanawa amancinci eTrieste, abaphandi bafikelela phantsi kwengcinezelo yaseMariinsky, kwiimitha ezili-10,898 eziphantsi.

Ukuthungca kunzulu kwi-bathyscaphe eyayixhaswa ngumntu kwafezwa ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-Deepsea Challenger, eyathatha i-designers iminyaka eyi-8 ukugqiba. Le nqanawa encinci yipompole ehlanjululwayo enesisindo esingaphezu kweetoni ezili-10 kunye nobubanzi bodonga lwe-6.4 cm. Kubalulekile ukuba ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, i-bathyscaphe yavavanywa ngamaxesha amaninzi ngoxinzelelo lwe-atmospheres ezili-1160, ephakamileyo kunezinto ezimele zatshintshe iindonga zezixhobo eziselwandle .

Ngo-2012, umlawuli wefilimu odumile waseMerika uJacob Cameron, ehlola i-mini-submarine i-Deepsea Challenger, wayinqoba irekhodi yangaphambili, efakwe kwiTrieste, kwaye yaya kuphuculula, iqhubela eMarininsky engamamitha ayi-11.