Howitzer "eTulip". "ETulip" - 240 ezinga- izityalo udaka self-esingazihambeliyo

Russia - lilizwe enkulu, ke wadibana nehlabathi. Ngenxa yoko, phantse zonke umzuzu ukulwa kusendleleni ebandakanya emkhosini Russian okanye ubuncinane izixhobo Russian kunye nezikrweqe. Ekubeni ku Ukoyisa Parade kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo, ungabona izixhobo indlela ezimbini: zokudubula, itanki, amajoni rocket, iilori neemoto kwiinjongo ezahlukeneyo.

Amagama nakubuchule bayo, nabasunguli zinika engaqhelekanga: moya "Swift" yaye "Grant" ukufaka "Grad", "Isaqhwithi", "Peony" kunye neqela howitzers ezibulalayo - "Acacia", "eseshumi" yaye "eTulip". Howitzer "eTulip" - enye iintyatyambo ezininzi ezintle zokudubula, makhe sijonge kuyo iinkcukacha ngakumbi.

History of indalo

Phantsi Khrushchev umkhosi zokudubula, umgaqo, kuye kwavakaliswa engangqinelaniyo neemfuno ixesha. Kwafuneka ukuphuhliswa imijukujelwa. Ngelo xesha, kwisigaba zokuhlola ukuba nokubakho iisampuli eziliqela bethembisa leyo imngene iintonga nayiphi na itanki. Kodwa wenza ukuze enze, yaye wachithwa nezixhobo.

Into ethile agcinwe, umntu isandla wavuswa ukuba ibattery indalo yakho, yaye ngaloo ndlela, xa yimyuziyam izithuthi vehicles e Kubinka ngoku umi umpu antitank SU-100P "Taran".

I-Vietnam War wabonisa ngokucacileyo ongekenziwa zokudubula lethu US. US M109 wasebenzisa ndawo wabetha ekujoliswe kumgama km 14. Extra waqalisa ukukhumbula ixesha endala yokusebenza, ukubamba up kunye West kuphuhliso zokudubula. Emva koko laphehlelelwa Urals ekudaleni weentonga lihlaba isipha - "Acacia", "eseshumi" yaye "eTulip" - howitzer mfanekiso ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi. Imihla zanikwa elifutshane, yaye sele ngowe-1971 imoto abaphumeleleyo uvavanyo intsimi bafakwa inkonzo. Ukususela ngoko, ukuba ahlale khona, Kakade ke, ezinye uhlaziyo nokulungalungiswa.

Ukutyunjwa setting "eTulip"

-240 mm unit udaka self-ngokwaso yenzelwe ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa izakhiwo kunye iinqaba, apho utshaba isebenzisa njengoko ulihlathi kwaMandla oLuntu zazo, izixhobo, iindawo umyalelo kunye nonxibelelwano, zokudubula, njl, azifumaneki ukuze zokudubula amadlelo-mlilo. Akukho analogue ehlabathini, howitzers kunye mortars amanye amazwe amaninzi achatshazelwe bodidi ezincinane neempawu ezahlukeneyo kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kweqokobhe njengesiqhelo, Howitzer "eTulip" uyakwazi umlilo zikhali, ngokwalo eseleyo kwi umgama onokhuselo ukusuka kuqhuma. Ide "eTulip" yambethe-240 mm nodaka mfutho M-240, kusetyenziswa ukususela-1950 Ngowe-1971 baba yokusebenza efanayo lokudubula nokukwazi gaze engenayo, kodwa udaka M-240 ngaphantsi mobile, kufuneka uphume ngaphantsi, kuthatha ixesha kuziswe kwimo qwa, ejolise kunye kukuyeka indawo badubula.

Uyilo moto yokulwa

"ETulip" --240 mm self-ngokwaso udaka setting. I-design yokuqala. Zonke unit zokudubula imi phezu kophahla igobhogobho, izisebenzi, iimbumbulu kunye nezixhobo ibekwe kwisisu semoto emzimbeni. Isendaweni kwi uqoqo alimwi ekhohlo.

Xa nezikhali iquka iziqwenga 10 esebenzayo-lovukelo kwimigodi eliphezulu-umonakalo 20. Ngokuba zonke iinkqubo nodaka zaveliswa ngenxa badubula, ngokuxhomekeka inkqubo ngamanzi. ukhokho wakhe, i-M-240 sonke kwenziwa ngesandla. Imishini ukulwa pack, igubu, ekulayisheni awawenzayo breech esecaleni ifatyi le. Uhlobo mathupha kulayishwa ne-crane.

Standard udubulo sam F-864 enobunzima ka 130,7 kg, amacala amahlanu umonakalo kulo, apho ingxelo isantya sam. Lo matshini Western sele ingxelo ukuba i-M-240 yenzelwe wazibeka ukuveliswa zemigodi esebenzayo-yovukelo kunye zikhali.

ufakelo injini Diesel "eTulip" B-59 kuvumela ukuba ukuphuhlisa ngesantya-60 km / h kuyo asphalt ne-30 km / h kwi primer.

Ukungqinelana neemfuno iimfazwe mihla "eTulip" howitzer kufakwa kwinkqubo yokhuseleko kwaye woyise kwindawo eyosulelekileyo enze kuyo. Inkqubo abize kunye nemilinganiselo umatshini ayidingi uqeqesho olulodwa seso sithuba badubula.

Chassis ludaka eyasetyenziswa into 305, nto leyo efana kakhulu kwisisu semoto lwe zakhiwo anti-moya "Circle." Zempi ipleyiti "eTulip" ukumelana iimbumbulu ukuvuleka 7-62 uhlobo B-32 ukusuka kumgama 300 m. Sam nodaka 2B8 isisu semoto ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ayikwazi kuba, kuba leyo yindlela howitzer "eTulip".

iimpawu

Diesel injini B-59 ngaba inobunzima samahashe-520 kwaye ivumela isantya ubuninzi ku 62,8 km / h. Uleyisayo udonga nkqo ka-700 mm kwaye uluhlu ingami of km 500. Kwakhona ububanzi umsele-3 m kunye nobunzulu umqobo ngamanzi-1 m akuyi kuyeka i "eTulip".

Kufeza le ndlela liqembu abantu 5. howitzer "eTulip" Self-kuqhube inobunzima 27.500 kg, ubude - malunga nama-6.5 m, ububanzi - kwiimitha ezi-3 kunye ukuphakama ikota -. 3.2 m ukongeza umpu engundoqo iimillimitha-240, Kusekho ukuxhasa isixhobo kunye ukuvuleka 7,62.

Ufakelo singathatha ukuya ku-1 wadubula sekhinzi ngomzuzu kwaye kwi lokwalatha engile nokuphakama kwi degrees 80-82, i-engile declination degrees 50 nodaka unako ukutshabalalisa ekujoliswe utshaba, ezimele emva imiqobo, ke ngelo xesha wahlala kude. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni na ugxekwa, kuba i sixhobo olusebenzayo - Howitzer "eTulip". Adubula uluhlu umpu eziphambili km 19 kude.

test

Zonke izixhobo zomkhosi phambi kokuba eyale kwinkonzo likwaqhuba uthotho lweemvavanyo. Andizange kudlula eli lifa kunye zokudubula isipha. Enye abayili eziphambili wathetha ngalo ityala kuvavanya "Acacia".

Xa olungqinisisa aabo banelungelo wathabatha safikelwa lomphehlelelo irula umndululi, xa kwindawo yokuqala. Ngethamsanqa, le ezase ubungekho rocket. Ngenxa ophethe ukuqala-up ngayo babarhuqela sonke isityalo, akakafiki wabetha eludongeni, ngoko ke wakhangela phezulu waza waqalisa bahlunguzele kwi kuluhlu, kwakungekho iingxwelerha. Kwakhona, i "Acacia" ingxaki kunye nokususwa iigesi powder, bandisa kwi gumbi nqanawa. Kwafuneka ukudala umahluko xi, irhasi emva projectile luphaphazela umpu.

Howitzer "eTulip" abonisa icala konke okusemandleni abo. Ithagethi kusetyenziselwa ukomeleza eziphathekayo, adubula kubo iminyaka emininzi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba amandla, lizenza yonke into. Emva kokuba wokudubula "eTulip" kubo kwaba kuphela ubunzulu kwasuka weemitha ezili-10 ububanzi efanayo.

amaqokobhe ezintsha for howitzers

Mortars elungisiweyo, eziphuculweyo imijukujelwa ezintsha yaveliswa kubo. Kubalulekile ukukhankanya enye yeyam onjalo 1K113 "Bobi." Kwathi kwi 80s emva kwexesha. Ngokungafaniyo kwimigodi eqhelekileyo, oko umda yokuvulwa window ye homing enombala kutsho yaye kubandakanywa laser ukuze zijolise.

Kude ithagethi, kumgama 200 ukuya 5000 m, ise spotter ne designator. Yena kusibonisa ithagethi, kuphela xa imayini kumgama 400-800 m. Utshaba naxa uzingela nto kujoliswe akanaxesha sicaphuka.

Shot kunye projectile ibetheke radius ekujoliswe ka-3.2 m kunye namathuba ka-80-90%.

"ETulip" e Afghanistan

Emva intsimi-uvavanyo iyafuneka ukukhangela zokudubula ngokulwa. Afghanistan waba Kwinqaku lokuqala ezinjalo. "ETulip" nto leyo eluncedo imisebenzi yabo, ukuba awuxabele ezintshabeni yokuhlala, yaye kwelinye icala kwentaba, nemiqolomba zalisa i iqokobhe nolahlo isimo salo intshabalalo bendalo. Ingakumbi buhle "eTulip" zazibonakala xa Isiphango inqaba, 122mm oonokrwece exabileyo udonga lodaka, ngoxa-mm 240 elonakalisileyo lonke. Ngenxa engile ebinzayo, uyakwazi ukubeka ukufakelwa-20 m ukusuka eludongeni lwendlu, ukunika engile ubuninzi kwaye betha i utshaba, olisusileyo abazimela kwelinye icala isakhiwo, ukuze azi ukuba "eTulip". Nodaka, howitzer, okanye umpu - igama zobugcisa Akukhathaliseki xa kweqokobhe ikhwelo phezu kwentloko yakhe.

Xa usebenzisa imigodi "Bobi" lenyuka ukuchana, hit tye esangweni lomqolomba, apho utshaba uyazifihla.

Zokudubula - uthixo zemfazwe

Xa yakhe, emkhosini badla bazisole ukuba yokuba zokudubula encinane, ngenxa yokuba elaneleyo. Heavy guns bawo usenza sibe nentembelo yabo kwaye uphika emhlabeni, izivamvo yokoqobo yokomfuziselo yotshaba.

Ukubeka i "eTulip" sisemi inkonzo. Akukho namnye amazwe azinayo le abanjalo mortars. EYurophu kwi US ukuvuleka ayidluli-120 mm.