GPU: yombhalo wamandulo kunye ezintsha

Ubusebenza phi na? - The GPU! Ziqonde le abbreviation kule mihla engeyongozi ngokupheleleyo. Ngaba segama le Orenburg State University zokufundisa. Apha sifundisa abantu abatsha ukuba ahlwayele nengqiqo, elungileyo, ongunaphakade, ukwakha ubuhlobo ekunene kunye nesizukulwana esitsha yaye okuninzi into oyidingayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla ... Applied Psychology, umzekelo. Nokunika ithuba lokufumana umsebenzi othile. Kwaye kukho amaxesha xa ezi oonobumba abane kwezinye wandiyolisayo, ngoxa abanye - ukoyika.

OGPU de 1930 - Orenburg Institute of Education

Imbali i Orenburg zokufundisa University kuvulwa Grozny ngowe-1919, ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, beza kuyo ummandla yoBukhosi yangaphambili Russian. Kusungulwe nokudalwa Lesakhiwo Vy Struminsky, owathi kamva waba lilungu ehambelana USSR Academy of Sciences kunye othile of Science. Ke ngoko yonke into yayilula: uqeqesho wathabatha ikhulu kunye nabafundi mahlanu, inkoliso yabo wayengamazi ukufunda ubhale akulunganga kakhulu ngayo. Phantsi kwaye Out kodwa zaqala!

isimo State OGPI and OGPU

Emva 1930 OINO (imfundo karhulumente) lifumene iwonga esemthethweni. Iye yandiswa kwindawo yayo, sahlanganisa yokuzilolonga yangaphambili. Kulapha izidanga Malenkov GM - figure party Stalin era odumileyo, kuhlala emva kokufa 'uyise izizwe "isithuba predsovmina (ukuba uwubeke phantsi mihla - iNkulumbuso).

Imfundo waya banesifo ekuqaleni ngembalelwano, ngokuhlwa nemini-ixesha. ukusebenza namahlathi, ngokwasemzimbeni, zobugcisa, iikhemikhali kunye namacandelo Literature eziphilayo kunye nezentlalo. OGPU, ngoko eli ziko engabizwanga. Waye pedinom nje Orenburg okanye OGPI.

Namhlanje wanikwa iwonga eyunivesithi. Amandla nantathu, izakhiwo zemfundo - zokulala ezintandathu - amathathu, jikelele, iziko elikhulu ohloniphekileyo.

Hayi, kodwa igama eloyikekayo

Kodwa kuphela igama leziko ifihlakeleyo emva oonobumba ezine ezilula - OGPU. Kokuhlaziya le shunqulelo (Administration Political United State phantsi Sovnarkom) wayesaziwa kakuhle kubemi Soviet ukususela 1923. Kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala yalo mbutho enamandla ikhokelwa ligosa eliyintloko weli lizwe F. E. Dzerzhinsky, emva kwakhe kokufa wakhululana VR Menzhinsky. Intloko elandelayo OGPU waba GG Berry, owathi, ngokungafaniyo ababengaphambi kwakhe, akazange ababulawa sesi sifo, kwaye imbumbulu. Yena wadutyulwa isigwebo senkundla.

iimpawu GPU iminyaka Stalin

Iinjongo zesi sakhiwo lwamandla ezicacileyo, ukuba bade ibhalwe-siseko ngo-1924. Ngokutsho isahluko wethoba Siqendu 61, ukugcina ucwangco loluntu kunye ekulweni banditry athethwa NKVD republic (kanti kukho ezine kuphela). Umsebenzi counter-olululo kunye zaseMelika, yaye ngokukodwa ngakumbi, libeyise ukuba banakekele OGPU USSR. Ziqonde izifinyezo phezu ayithethi alathe - yolawulo yezopolitiko, kodwa ezingundoqo layo eli qumrhu yinkonzo ukhuseleko lwesizwe, apho kamva kwaye igama, ebiza yokuqala Ubulungiseleli (MGB), yaye emva koko, ngexesha Khrushchev obuhle, Committee (KGB , CM).

Le OGPU, ezahlukeneyo NKVD ukusuka

Kwi-USSR, kukho bekusoloko umahluko phakathi kwamapolisa kunye arhente zokhuseleko karhulumente, nkqu kule minyaka xa imikhosi zokhuseleko ngokusesikweni zangeniswa kwi iinkokheli enye. Walwa iziqalelo anti-eSoviet, iintlola (okanye abo ezifana kubo), saboteurs, kwaye nje ukuxoxa ezinye Iimbali ezimfutshane inzima OGPU. NKVD wayenza kwizinto ezingenamsebenzi ngakumbi: uphando lwamatyala olwaphulomthetho (ubusela, ukuphanga, ukubulala), siphelise nabaxhaphazi uxanduva, irhorho, amanxila kunye nabanye 'iintsalela zehlabathi endala. " Kodwa Stalin kaThixo "abecuphi ezopolitiko" akuxhomekekanga nje balwa kule phambi engabonakaliyo, umsebenzi wayo ifakiwe nayo, kunye nokulawulwa kwamapolisa.

ukuhlola le OGPU

Kodwa hayi uthuli kuphela "Iintshaba zabantu 'unelishwa kunye amateurs zingakhathaliyo ezinoburharha baxoxa OGPU. Ziqonde iigumbagumba iintlola ngempela isiJamani, umsebenzi analytical, indibano ubukrelekrele, yaye imisebenzi emininzi karhulumente ethe yenziwa ngamasebe ezizodwa kweli ziko eMoscow. I. V. Stalin akaziyekelanga ukuqokelela ulwazi oluyimfihlo malunga nomsebenzi nobutshaba eSoviet nawuphi na umbutho omnye. intelligence eSoviet amazwe wenza ngokuzimeleyo, kwakukho eziliqela. Umthengisi inkulu inkcazelo ebalulekileyo uhlobo qhinga ke Comintern, kodwa utyando kwamanye amazwe, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ke imithombo, nto leyo nibizwayo abanobuchule (Main Intelligence loMlawuli Jikelele Abasebenzi Red Army, isebe GUGB 5, ngoko kwicandelo 1 loMthetho NKGB, lo NKVD-4, njalo njalo) . Nesibindi amagosa obungqondi yiSoviet le OGPU negalelo uloyiso phezu udushe.

Iinguqulelo Folk lwe khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo

Namhlanje segama le eOmsk State University zokufundisa ukuhleka ngokulula, kuba akukho bani uza kubohlwaya. Ndiqinisekile skits ukuba abaninzi umfundi kunye KVNy ukwenza ngaphandle iziqhulo malunga ezahlukeneyo iinketho fun ukunyanga oonobumba abakhulu abane (Mfundisi elikhulu kakhulu Points Fell - Uphawu engundoqo ingqondo, njl ...) Ekuhambeni kwexesha Stalin kukho amagama kunye nezishunqulelo malunga ebonisa ezihlekisayo oko kuyingozi kakhulu. Kodwa abantu yokuhlekisa, nangona ingozi "iimbiza baqale makangankqonkqozi nkampu," nkqu phezu GPU. Ziqonde eli gama elinamandla kunokuba ezahlukeneyo, "ukhulule intloko - Zama ukuba Escape," "Ukwindla, wamzalela Birds Bhabha Away", "Kwakhona, le upekli Abemi Party." - apha ezinye iipateni abanam obonisa ubulungisa esithi "I yothusa i etyeni ngakumbi"