Gannibal Ivan Abramovich: biography enkulu-uyisekazi Aleksandra Pushkina

Great-uyisekazi Aleksandra Pushkina Gannibal Ivan Abramovich wazalwa kumantla Estonia Manor Karyakyula. Akunamsebenzi ukugcina ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Siyazi kuphela inani (12 Oktobha kwikhalenda Gregorian), kodwa unyaka evela biographers zinokuphikiswa. Oku mhlawumbi th 1735 okanye th 1736 okanye th 1737.

imvelaphi

Ivan wayengunyana omdala ka-Abram Petrovich ithawula - Usonjineli Military kunye Jikelele-in-oyiNtloko. Lo mntu (oko kukuthi, uyise-mkhulu) uAleksandr Pushkin Bayisungula ethi "I Arap Petra Enkulu."

eneneni uyise Ivan Abramovich Wayeqhogene kumlawuli. Waye eRashiya ngowe-1704, emva kokuba wazisa unozakuzaku Russian eConstantinople, Sava Raguzinsky. UAbram waye unyana yinkosana Afrika, ngubani ekhonza lwe umbusi Turkish. Ivan wenza umsebenzi ephawulekayo eRashiya. owayemele kwakhe yena uPetros I. Ngenxa kwisikhundla sokuba uyise, Gannibal Ivan Abramovich akwazi ukubala akukho impumelelo ngaphantsi kuluntu eliphezulu.

ukubunjwa

Njengoko umntwana, lo mfana wafunda zokudubula esikolweni St. Petersburg Marine. Kakade abakule minyaka yobudala, kwaye kwacaca ukuba ubomi bakhe babeza ezinxulumene nemicimbi zomkhosi. Ke Gannibal Ivan Abramovich waphumelela Marine Corps Gentry. Igosa yaqala ukuya zokudubula yomkhosi. Ngowe-1769, wafumana isikhundla tseyhmeystera.

Ukwandisa kwenzeka ekuqaleni yaseRussia-Turkish imfazwe elandelayo ka 1768-1774. Kweli phulo, imikhumbi wadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. E St. Petersburg, siye sagqiba ekubeni siye Aegean kuLwandle lweBaltic butho yomkhosi wamanzi, leyo kuthiwa ukunceda abantu baseMpumalanga kwiiBalkans. Ngaloo ndlela waqala Archipelago uhambo, apho yazinyaswa yi Ivan Abramovich ithawula. Life indlela bamsa uvavanyo olunzima kakhulu, nto leyo ukumisela indlela yonke elizayo wegosa umsebenzi.

First Archipelago uhambo

Onyuka kuLwandle iAegean waba nanto. Gannibal Ivan Abramovich, ngokufanayo noogxa bakhe, ukuba akukho amava anjalo eYafo ezinkulu-scale. Apha endleleni imikhumbi a izaqhwithi ezimbalwa. Breakage kwafuneka ukulungisa uhamba. Kwelinye icala, ithawula, waba nethamsanqa ngaphezu ezinye amabutho ezinye iinqanawa. Umzekelo, inqanawa "Svyatoslav" eyona inamandla ke ezivuzayo, ngenxa ngawo kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele uku. Ukongeza, i-butho abaphethwe zizifo. Xa uhambo kufikelela eDenmark, umkhuhlane ubabulele abantu malunga 300. 50 Abaqhubi benqanawa wafa ngokupheleleyo.

umyalelo Ngokubanzi waba ezandleni Admiral Gregory Spiridova. Ivan Abramovich ithawula ngomnye magosa phathi hambo ekufikeni kuLwandle iAegean wayesiya ukushiyela umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Spiridov walithatha naye xa iinqanawa kunye izigulane bahlala eDenmark. Omnye lo msebenzi ngoFebruwari 1770 waqalisa kokufika iPeloponnese. Ivan Abramovich ithawula akazange inxaxheba kuyo, lilungele ukuluphinda into efanayo kwixesha elizayo.

Balwela Navarino

Nangona uninzi imikhombe butho swi bechuba ebalulekileyo Fort Crown, ithawula, waya kunxweme kwelinye icala iPeloponnese. Phantsi umyalelo wakhe ezo Zempi "Iingcwele ezintathu" yaye "San Gennaro" kunye awahlali "Saint Nicholas." Le iqembu yaba bantu 300, kunye imipu ezimbalwa ukusuka kwinani zokungqinga zokudubula. Iinqanawa waya inqaba Turkish ka Navarino. April 10, 1770 waqalisa nasekuxinweni.

Ngokwesi sicwangciso, kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa, inani 21, kufutshane iindonga utshaba ifike amajoni Russian. Wabayalela zonke uBrigadier efanayo aselwandle zokudubula Ivan Abramovich ithawula. Biography of lo mntu njengoko emkhosini waziwa kakhulu le episode ezukileyo. Navarino Bombardment yathatha iintsuku ezintandathu. Emva kokuba inqaba sathathwa yi squad Russian. Avala bakwazi ukufaka ezininzi izixhobo, imipu, mortars kunye amakhulu buziikhilogram utshaba kwazo. Ukuthatha Navarino avumele Navy Russian ukufumana bay elula, leyo wagcinwa noseko lwalo ixesha.

In Chesme Bay

NgoJulayi 5, 1770 Gannibal Ivan Abramovich (1736-1801) wathabatha inxaxheba elinye idabi ebalulekileyo imfazwe nxamnye eTurkey. Ngomhla olwandulela nesinqanawa Russian bafumanisa iinqanawa ezininzi Turkish zihleli kwi ethekwini Cesme kunxweme olusentshona Malaya Aziya malungana neKiyo. Umyalelo wagqiba ekubeni kulwa notshaba.

Ivan ithawula wanikwa umsebenzi ukulungiselela ezimbalwa umlilo-iinqanawa (iinqanawa, wafaka kunye neziqhushumbisi kunye nezinto ezinokutsha). Xa mzuzu ibaluleke kakhulu ekulweni ezi zitya bathunyelwa ethekwini, lubanzi frigates utshaba kunye imikhumbi. I Turks baye bagqiba ukuba zisingathwa defectors Russian. Lemposiso uvumelekile ukuba umlilo enkundleni kwaye ukubeka fleet le Ottoman umonakalo omkhulu. Impi waphumelela, ithawula, wenza kwimpumelelo yale igalelo elikhulu.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Emva kwemfazwe, uIvan ithawula, waba General Major. Ngowe-1778 yena wayalelwa ukuba iseke izibuko elitsha Sea Black of Kherson. Eli phulo fanele ku kanye uKumkanikazi uCatherine II. Ivan Abramovich wakhokela nokudalwa amaqela elikhethekileyo abenzi bomsebenzi, ukuba ukwakha isixeko ukusuka ekuqaleni. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, xa kakhulu esingenamntu wayesele zankomo, inqaba kunye ekampini, enqabeni yomkhosi, amakhaya, arsenal, ndlu waphosa njalo njalo. D. izibuko ube kwindawo yokupaka ngokusisigxina empini nomi iinqanawa. Ithawula, wenze okuninzi edolophini umdla hayi koloniyalisti kuphela Russian, kodwa amaGrike Italy.

Ngowe-1780, Ivan Abramovich wafumana indawo enkulu yomhlaba (amawaka 10 acres). karhulumente kunye zomkhosi umsebenzi wayo iphelile ngenxa yokuba kukho ungquzulwano kunye yintandane uKumkanikazi Grigoriem Potemkinym. Ngowe-1784 ithawula isikhundla jikelele oyintloko barhoxa. Kamva, wahlala emzini wakhe kufuphi St Petersburg. Isihlobo Aleksandra Pushkina wafa ngo-Oktobha 12, 1801. Yena a bachelor namntwana.