Fresco "Ubhaptizo lwaseRashiya" nguVM Vasnetsov: inkcazelo. UFresco "Ubhaptizo lweNkosana Vladimir"

I-fresco "Ubhaptizo lukaRussi" yenye yezona zinto zenziwa ngonqulo lweRashiya lwe-XIX leminyaka. Inkosi ibonisa umcimbi omkhulu, oza kuhlala ngonaphakade kwimemori yabantu.

Umculi waseRussia V. M. Vasnetsov

UVictor wazalelwa kwintsapho ehluphekileyo yomfundisi wedolophu ngo-1848. Indawo yokuzalwa kwakhe - iphondo yaseViatka - ithintela kamva ekubunjweni kwehlabathi lakhe lokudala. Wayephothula esikolweni sokuqala esikolweni, kwaye emva koko wayeseyunivesithi. Le nsizwa yayibonisa umdla kumbono ukususela ebuntwaneni, ngoko wayefuna ukunikela ubomi bakhe obusondeleyo. Ngo-1868 iVasetsov yangena kwi-Academy of Arts, eyayiseSt. Petersburg.

Ekupheleni kwesikolo ngo-1874 insizwa ethatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso ye-Wanderers, ihamba eParis kwisimemo se-I. I-Repin, ize ishukumele eMoscow. Ubunono bomculi buzaliswa ngokukhawuleza ngamabali athatyathwe kwizinto eziqingqiweyo: ii-epics, iimbali kunye neengcamango. Kwixesha elizayo, uya kuzuza udumo lwehlabathi lonke, kwaye imifanekiso yakhe yokupenda - "Alyonushka", "Knight kwi-Crossroads", "Heroes" - iya kwaziwa kwaye ayithandi kuphela ngabantu baseRussia, kodwa nabo bakhupha baseYurophu.

Umsebenzi wezenkolo kumsebenzi wezobugcisa

Ngesinye iindawo zase-Abramtsevo, apho kwakukhona uVasnetsov, kwagqitywa ukuba kwakhiwe icawa kwidolophana. UVictor wazinikela ukupenda i-choir, ngaphezu koko, wayifaka umfanekiso weNtombikazi, kunye noSergius waseRadonezh yecawa iconostasis. Ulwazi lweempawu ze-Orthodox lwanceda uVasnetsov ukudala imizobo. Umculi akazange apeze iindonga zeetempile. Wayekwazi ukudibanisa kwimisebenzi yakhe yobuhedeni kunye neenkolelo zobuKristu, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela ukuqonda kwabantu.

UVictor wakhuliswa ngomoya wobunqulo obunzulu, kwaye oku akunakuchukumisa umsebenzi wakhe. Ngo-1885, uVasnetsov waqala ukupenda iVladimir Cathedral eKiev. Iifresco zakhe "Ubhaptizo lwaseRashiya" lwadalwa kangangamakhulu kangangamaxesha kwaye akaze ayeke ukukholisa amehlo oOthodoki abetyelele icawa. Ngokomzobo wezobugcisa, iipayipi zenziwe ngeCawa loMsindisi kwiGazi eSt. Petersburg, kunye neAlexander Nevsky Cathedral eSofia kunye nezinye iicawa.

Umzobo kaV. M. Vasnetsov kwiVladimir Cathedral

Umphathi omkhulu waseRussia ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi wasayina isivumelwano, apho waqinisekisa ukuba uzimisele ukwenza konke okuyimfuneko kwiminyaka emibini. Akakwazanga ukugcina ilizwi lakhe, kodwa umzobo wecawa, owawususela ngo-1885 ukuya ku-1896, waba mkhulu. Kwintlanganiso yesithili wenza i-nave ephambili kunye ne-apse.

UVasetsov wabonisa iziganeko zeTestamente ezitsha kunye neeNdala, abantu abahlukahlukeneyo beBhayibhile kwiindonga zecawa, bahlobisa izambatho zakhe ngeempahla. Wayeqonda ngokugqithiseleyo ingcamango ephambili yokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwetempile - ukuqonda ngokomoya nokucamngca ngembali yenkolo yaseRashiya. Iifresco "Ubhaptizo lukaRussi" bubungqina bala mazwi.

Ukubaluleka kwe-Epiphany kwilizwe laseRussia

Ngo-988, ngomhla ka-Agasti 1, uPrince Vladimir, owayelawula eKiev, wabhaptizwa uRus. Oku kwenziwa ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, zombini ezopolitiko kunye nenkcubeko. Okokuqala, inkolo enye - yobuKristu - inxaxheba kwiimeko ezihlangeneyo zamaSlav. Okwesibini, yanceda ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezilandelayo zenkcubeko: ukuzakhela, ukudweba, ukubhala-konke oku kuza eRussia evela eByzantium. Okwesithathu, ubuKristu babeshumayela uthando kunye nenceba kwabanye, umonde weentsilelo zabo nokuthobeka. Ngokubamkela iintliziyo zabantu, bahlambuluka kwaye babenomusa.

Ngoko endaweni yecawa yamahedeni yafika umKristu, oye wanciphisa iingcamango zeengcamango zabantu ngokuphathelele intsapho, ngokubuyisela ukholo kuMdali omnye kunye noMdali. Ugxininiso olukhethekileyo lubekwe ekuphuculweni kokuziphatha komntu. Ubhaptizo lweRus lasendulo kunye nokubaluleka kwalo lunokuthathwa njengento ebalulekileyo kwi-Yurophu yaseMpuma, njengoko ifumene ilifa elizityebi ekugqibeleni liba yinxalenye yenkcubeko yokomoya yoluntu.

UFresco "Ubhaptizo lukaRus"

UVasetsov wachaza iindonga zeSt. Vladimir Cathedral eKiev. Omnye wemisebenzi engalibalekiyo yimizobo ethi "Ubhaptizo lukaRussia." I-fresco yayipende ngeye-1895-1896. Umntu oyintloko phakathi kwayo nguPrince Vladimir, enxibe kwiingubo eziphathekayo eziphathekayo ezifakwe ngegolide. Ngokuthandaza uphakamisa izandla zakhe ezulwini, ecela uThixo ukuba abasikelele ubhaptizo lukaRus. Abantu abaneminyaka ehlukeneyo, phakathi kwabo kukho ababini abameli bobuhle, kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo, balindele ukuzaliseka komcimbi.

Bonke bembethe izambatho ezimhlophe - isimboli sokuhlanjululwa kwizono. Omnye sele ebhaptiza umbingeleli, ezizibhaptiza emanzini aseDnieper, umntu umele aze athandaze ecaleni kwesikhulu. Ngasentla, ifu elimhlophe elibonakalisiweyo libonakalisiwe, apho ukukhanya kobabalo bukaThixo kuhamba khona kubantu abadibeneyo. Nangona kukho konke kukhwankqisa, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba abantu bayavuya ezulwini ukuba abantu bathathe inxaxheba kwisigramente. Iifresco "Ubhaptizo lukaRus" luvusa ukwesaba kunye nengqiqo yobukhulu bukaThixo kubo bonke abaye babubona.

Isidingo seSigramente ye-Epiphany

Lo mbhiyozo uhlambulula umntu kuzo zonke izono zakhe kwaye umvumela ukuba angene eBukumkani boBukumkani kwixesha elizayo. Abantwana babhaptizwa ngokholo lwabazali babo. Abantu bazalwa benesono sokuqala, abayifumana "kwilifa" lika-Adam noEva, abangazange bamthobele uThixo. Ekubhaptizweni, umntu uhlambulukile kule nto.

Lowo uthatha inxaxheba kwimfundiso, ekubeni esemdala, ufumana ukuxolelwa kwezono zonke ezenziwe ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isakramente. Abakholwa entliziyweni bavakalelwa ukubaluleka nokujongwa kwesi siganeko. Akukho sizathu sokuba umculi waseRussia uViktor Vasnetsov wapeze umzobo othi "Ubhaptizo lukaRussia." Iifresco "Ubhaptizo lweRussi" kubantwana kuya kuba kufuphi kakhulu kwaye kuyaqondakala xa abazali bethetha ngendlela abaye bathatha inxaxheba ngayo kule sacramental sacrament.

UFresco "Ubhaptizo lweNkosana Vladimir"

Emva kokuba iNkosana enkulu yaseKiev ifuna iBandla laseConstantinople libhaptize, le ntlanganiso yenziwa eRashiya. Ngelo xesha iByzantium yayidinga uncedo lwezempi, kwaye i-state yethu ibonise ukulungela kwayo ukuyinikela. Ngenxa yale nkonzo, uVladimir wayefuna ukutshata no-Anna-udade wabasemagunyeni uBasil noConstantine. Kwawa maGrike, isiphakamiso esinjalo sasihlazisa, kodwa kwafuneka bavumelane nayo, nangona kunjalo, kuphela ukuba umlawuli waseKieyayi waqala ukuthatha inxaxheba kwisigramente.

Kwimemori yabantu apho baya kuhlala befresco "Ubhaptizo lweNkosana Vladimir". UVM Vasnetsov wayembonise ngetayiti yamatye, apho kwakusenziwa umkhosi omangalisayo. Ekufuphi ngumbingeleli. Abameleli bezakhono zasekuhlaleni kunye namajoni agcina oko kwenzekayo. Baya kufuneka babhaptizwe emva kwesikhulu. Emazantsi kwentloko yeVladimir, umculi wachaza i-halo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu wokubhaptizwa kweRus wabonakaliswa nguThixo, kwaye waphakanyiswa kwinqanaba labangcwele.

Impawu eziqhelekileyo zemisebenzi yeVM Vasnetsov

Imifanekiso ethwala umshicileli walo mshicileli uhlala ehlukaniswa ngumbala wabo ongaqhelekanga, ogcwele umoya waseRashiya. Zonke iinkcukacha zemivuzo yakhe zicatshulwa kwaye zihambelana ngokucacileyo kwiqonga eliqhelekileyo. Imihlaba eVasnetsov ihluke ngohlobo lwayo.

Kwimizobo ayikho ininzi yemibala eqaqambileyo, imibala yabo, ngokuchaseneyo, iyabonakala kwaye ihlambulukile, eyenza umveleli wendiza kunye nokusondelana neendonga zikaThixo. Ubuso babantu abakwiindawo zakhe zokungcola azinakho izinto ezibukhali kunye ezibukhali, banesithambile esithile kunye nesisa. "Ubhaptizo lukaRus" - iFresco nguVas Vasetsov, ekhangele ukuba, ubani unokuqonda ukuba umntu okholwayo wayengumculi.