UThixo weNdudumo ngubuhedeni bobuhedeni bezizwe zasendulo

Ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu bexesha elidlulileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo bengenalo ulwimi olubhaliweyo, wayengunkulunkulu weendudumo. Isiqhelo sasikukuba ngokungathandabuzeki wayala iindudumo kunye nombane kunye nezinyoka ezinqobile kunye neenkukuma kwiintlanga ezininzi. Iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo zemibutho ephezulu ziyahlukana.

Amasiko asekuqaleni

Okokuqala, kufuneka siyiqwalasele i-Indiya njengomthombo weelwimi kunye noothixo, okwenziwe kulo lonke, njengoko i-Hellenes ithe, ku-Oikoumene. Indra nguThixo weendudumo kunye nemvula endulo. Unamandla, unamaqhawe, unesineke kwaye unamawaka. UThixo unamandla omkhosi, kwaye i-caste yama-Kshatriya amaqhawe ayamhlonela. Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-Indra lwaluyisoyisa inyoka yaseVrithra, idemoni yeengxabano. Inyoka enkulu inesabisa noothixo, kwaye beyika ukuba uya kugwinya ihlabathi lonke. Kwaye bajika baya e-Indra ngoncedo. UBrahma wamphefumlela ukuba alwe, uShiva wamnika iinqwelo ezingenakukwazi ukuzenza, unkulunkulu wobugcisa wayenza nzima, njengedayimane, isikhali "vajra", kwaye uVishnu wamnika amandla angapheliyo. Ukusuka kwelinye i-maha uthixo we-thunder-isivunguvungu unqamle intloko kwinyoka-idemon. Kodwa ukugquma kwendlovu eyayikufa kwakubonakele kangangokuthi wonke umntu wayefihlile, kwaye emva kokuba kudlule ixesha elide, u-Indra waya ekubuyiseni waza wabona utshaba olunokutshatyalaliswa.

Kude ukuya ngasentla

Uothixo wendudumo uTrr wayengunyana ka-Odin, unkulunkulu ophakamileyo waseScandinavia. Isixhobo saleli qhawe elibomvu laliyinyundo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo inentsingiselo engcwele: ukubeka ingqiqo kunye nokuphumelela indawo. Kodwa ekulweni kwakhe yokugqibela uTor uyafa, ebhubhisa inyoka yehlabathi.

IPeloponnese kunye neebhanki zeTiber

Ehlabathini likaHellas, uZeus owayengumninimandla wayephethe oothixo nabantu. Ngomqondo othile, nangona kunjalo, ungoyedwa onyana weendudumo, ngokuba ezandleni zakhe isisombululo esinamandla. Ukunciphisa i-Titans, uZeus akayikulwa. Ungumgwebi, kuye, njengokwimeko yokugqibela, abantu noothixo bafuna ubulungisa kwinkundla nje. KwamaRoma, ihambelana ngokupheleleyo noThixo ophakamileyo Jupiter. Kwaye ekuqaleni kwakuyiyonkulunkulu (isibhakabhaka, imvula kunye neendudumo).

EMesopotamia

AmaSomeri ngabantu abangamangalisa. Ayaziwa ukusuka apho babonakala khona amawaka amahlanu amawaka edlulileyo, indlela abaqala ngayo ukufumana ulwazi oluhle kakhulu. Bonke bazenzele bona. Bakha iilwimi ezibhaliweyo baze barekhoda iingcamango zabo. Babenisela ukunkcenkceshela. Xa kwakhiwa izitya kunye namanzi avela kuTigris no-Ewufrathe athatyathwa emasimini, amaSomeri afumana iMyezo yase-Eden emhlabathini. Ukongeza, balwa nezikhukhula. Bayikufuphi phantse zonke izilwanyana ezaziwaziyo. Ivili lombumbi, i- akhawunti (i-decimal kunye ne-hexadecimal), ukutshiza, isondo kunye nezitena nazo ziyilo. Bakha izindonga ezinkulu kunye neendonga - ziggurats, ezakhelwe iintlanganiso zonqulo. Kwaye isixeko sabo esikhulu (iBhabhiloni, okanye iBab El) ibizwa ngokuba yiSango likaThixo. Apha, kwiindonga zabo, ezakhiwa esibhakabhakeni, badibana kunye no-Ishkura. Kwakungunkulunkulu waseSumeriya wesiqhwithi. Ekuqaleni, abantu basemantla esenyakatho banqula uncedo olwalunceda ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nezityalo. Kwaye kwaba yimvula kunye nesibhakabhaka ngelifu, okwakuboniswa yiSomeri njengentaka enkulu. Kwaye iindudumo zabangela ubudlelwane kunye nokukhwaza kwengonyama. Ngoko kubonakala kwienkolelo zikaIshkur. Wayekho, ngokwemiqathango yaseBrithani, unyana onyana wenyanga kwaye wayebonakaliswe ngendlela yenkomo enkulu. Ukuba wayeboniswa ngumbumba wesintu, ngoko ezandleni zakhe wayezigcinele iimpawu zakhe: i-zipper kunye neforki. Wayegubungela imimoya eyisixhenxe, kwaye umbane wagijima phambili, ukwesabisa bonke ubomi. Wayekunqulwa kulo lonke elaseBhabhiloni, kodwa isixeko sakhe esikhulu sasinguKarkar. Ngelo xesha, phantsi kokukhuselwa kwakhe kwakuyimfuyo, ezolimo, ukuzingela kunye nemikhankaso yempi. Emva kwamaSumeri, amaAkadi ayenothixo uAdam, owenza imisebenzi efanayo no-Ishkur. Uyaziwa kakuhle kubadumi beembali. Inkomo yayisisimboli. Loo thixo unobhedu kwaye ubambe umbane ezandleni zakhe. Ngoku kutshanje, igama lakhe nguBhahali okanye uBhali.

Onkulunkulu baseSlavic

Kwinduli ephakamileyo phantsi komthi oyingcwele, wayehleli nendoda enezikhwebu ezimhlophe, ezinesilumko nesingummangaliso - uPerun. UThixo wamaSlav uyingcali phezu kwezinto zonke, udala umbane, unikwa imibingelelo ngendlela yeenkomo. E-Ukrainian, eBelarusian nasePoland, igama elithi "perun" lithetha umbane neendudumo. Ngoko ke, unkulunkulu weendudumo phakathi kwamaSlav nguPerun. Ngoxa behlama umhlaba, amaSlav afunyanwa kuwo ayengxolisa i-mollusks, iintolo zamatye kunye neengcumu kwaye bakholelwa ukuba babonakala ngexesha lokubethelwa kwamandla emhlabathini, kwaye baxabiswa kakhulu njengemibono eyenziwa nguThixo.

Umgcini wesikhulu kunye nokubuyela kwakhe kwakunguPerun. UThixo wamaSilav wayephethe i-ax, kwaye xa beza kumaqela amakhwenkwe atyhulwa. Lawa ayengummangaliso kunye nomqondiso wokuba ngabakhethiweyo. Ikhuselo nekrele abalindayo bafumana iimpawu zePerun. Iingxelo zokuqala ezibhalwe kuyo zifumaneka kwiTale ye-Bygone Years. Isithixo sikaVladimir yayinentloko yesilivere kunye nemilenze yamagolide egolide.

U-Perun wazalwa ebusika, kodwa wabonakala esemhlabeni ngeentsuku zokuduma kweentsuku kunye neentsuku ezifudumeleyo. Ukuthumela imvula emhlabathini, waba ngumchumisi. Kuye, indalo yavuswa ebomini. Kwaye kwiintsuku zasehlobo zasefudumeni kwakukho iluhlu olunikezelwa kwintloni, oothixo, kwaye benza imizamo yokulwa namajoni ekulwa. Badla iifomo ezibiweyo, batywala i-hops ezinamandla kunye ne-kvass. Ukunika abantu abaselula kumajoni ngelo xesha, iRusichi yaqhuba iimvavanyo, kwaye emva koko zanikwa izixhobo.

Usuku lukaPerun lwangoLwesine, oluye lwaqwalaselwa njengendoda kwaye luphumelele kuzo zonke iziqalo. Ngexesha leenkolelo zemihla ngemihla, lo mhla wanikezelwa kuEliya umprofeti, umKristu ongumKristu u-Ilie. Kwakukholelwa ukuba ihlobo liphela ku- Ilin . Ukholo olubini lwalujoliswe kwingqalelo yoluntu, kwaye u-Ilya umprofeti waba yinkosi yombane, indudumo, imvula, isivuno kunye nokuzala. Le yindlela eya kuvela ngayo umthunywa wamahedeni kunye nomKristu ongumKristu.

Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uPerun wayenxulumene nendoduma yaseNdiya yakudala i-Indra kunye neTransvania Tor, ekhankanywe ngasentla. Zonke ziyi-anthropomorphic, ziyalela amandla emvelo kwaye zihlala emazulwini.