Freon - is ... Ubushushu of Freon. Freon in kwisiqandisi

indlu ngamnye izixhobo ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kunye nocikizeko into elolo isetyenziswa freon. Le into kwaziwa njenge i refrigerant obalaseleyo ezisetyenziswa zonke iifriji ukuze ukwazi ukugcina ukutya kunye nezidlo ukulungele ixesha elide kunokuba kwiqondo lobushushu voice. Eli nqaku liza kuthi, Freon - kukuba kumbandela apho kusetyenziswa khona, yintoni ubushushu na.

History of izovela

imithombo eyahlukeneyo igama imihla ezimbini njini Freon yokuqala - 1928 no-1931, kwiminyaka. Kulungile ukuba umhla wokuzalwa kunyaka th refrigerant 1928. Kwaba lelo xesha ke inkampani yemichiza obalaseleyo Frigidaire, nto leyo nkampani ombutho General Motors, uThomas Midgley, bazisa "ummangaliso kweziyobisi" waza wamnika igama "Freon". iinjineli abadala benza imveliso mveliso le gesi, nangena uphawulo Freon-12 njengento «R» (in translation «Refrigerant» limele libe refrigerant okanye liphole). Umhla yesibini nokufika zindithandele Freon nepravlno, ngenxa yokuba sele ngowe-1930 le nkampani eKinetiki Chemical Company, ekufuneka isebenze yenziwe ukuba swi yokuba kuveliswe le mveliso.

Freon - yintoni na le nto?

Umxube-methane methane njengoko fluorinated yezabelo eliphantsi ezizizembiwa ubunzima molekyuli apho athom hydrogen ubanjelwe fluorine, chlorine, bromine. Luphawu ezisetyenziswa ifriji iiyunithi (iifriji, umbane, izimiso umoya njalo njalo. N). Abaninzi bayazibuza, Freon - yigesi okanye ulwelo? Impendulo echanekileyo ngu: iziyobisi sinokuba karhulumente ngokomzimba zombini.

Eyona eziqhelekileyo iindidi Freon

Science eyaziwa iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-40 ka iziyobisi, uninzi lwazo ifunyenwe namuhla. lobushushu Freon apho abile, iintlobo ngalinye lalo:

• R11 - trichlorofluoromethane (t amaziko okupheka 23,8 ° C).
• R12 - difluorodichloromethane (kunye shushu t reflux -29,8 ° C).
• R13 - trifluorochloromethane (kunye shushu t reflux -81,5 ° C).
• R14 - tetrafluoromethane (kunye shushu t reflux -128 ° C).
• R134A - tetrafluoroethane (ukubilisa shushu kunye t -26,3 ° C).
• R22 - chlorodifluoromethane (kunye shushu t reflux -40,8 ° C).
• R600A - isobutane (kunye shushu t reflux -11,73 ° C).
• R410A - hloroftorokarbonat (kunye shushu t reflux -51,4 ° C).

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iifriji ekhaya zisebenza freon (Khladone) kwibakala R-22, kuba ukusetyenziswa mveliso kunye nezorhwebo R-13 kraca.

Freon - yinto izinto eziyingozi abantu?

Phantse zonke iintlobo zezixhobo engemihle nokubilisa, kunjalo, yaye usetyenziswa nezinto Ukupholisa zombane ekhaya, njengoko isiqalelo uthengisa kwi neekhatriji igesi, Izihlaziyi umoya kunye nezinye ulwelo. Ngoko xa wokutshiza lombhobho ngokwayo lupholisiwe kwaye Freon engena umoya. Ukuba refrigerant ayikho lashushu degrees 250 (kule ubushushu, ukukhulula izinto eziyityhefu) ukuba azinabungozi ebantwini, akunakutshiwo ukuba ozone. Iimveliso ukubola siyonakalise. Unobangela omkhulu imingxuma ozone na imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa Freon ezinomthamo aphezulu ion chlorine kunye bromine. Ukuvuza zizinto zombane zasekhaya kunye nevumba ayikwazi ukubonwa abangaboniyo, iingedosi ezincinane umntu ngamnye abe akukho isiphumo.

Kuba ukululama le ozone komhlaba nokunciphisa imveliso ii-CFC eziyingozi amazwe UN esayiniweyo uwamkele Montreal Protocol.

Yintoni na le freon in iifriji?

Modern iifriji isiguquli zithiwe thaca ngokohlobo iikhamera ibekwe ngaphakathi evaporator, equka refrigerant. Le into ngexesha abilayo kunye vaporization sitsala ubushushu egumbini kwaye wokuthunyelwa kwinkqubo amafu ukuba kokusingqongileyo. Ngenxa yale moya lupholisiwe kwiqondo lobushushu oyifunayo, kwaye returns igesi ukuya isiguquli kwaye itshintsha isimo sayo, udibaniso kulwelo. Freon efrijini nje lo evaporator. Ngamanye amazwi, yinto ibaluleke kakhulu inkqubo, wabulela apho emagumbini okupholisa yeyunithi ifriji.

Wazi njani malunga ukuvuza ka Freon ukusuka efrijini

Kucacile ukuba le nto - enye iinkalo eziphambili ekusebenzeni eyiyo kwezixhobo. iziphumo Freon ukuvuza umonakalo nezixhobo kunye nokungakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ezinye iinjongo. Isizathu oluqhelekilyo le ngxaki - umonakalo evaporator ityhubhu okanye iziphene mveliso. Ukusukela ukuba oku igesi imaxongo, ibe ayinavumba, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubona nezamkeli ukuqgiba.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimpawu ezibonisa evuzayo. Freon efrijini iphantsi koxinzelelo, kwaye xa ityhubhu evaporator yonakele, ethe ngcembe iqalisa ukuna. Ngenxa yoko, phakathi efrijini kunye ebandayo ubushushu air egumbini liphuma, wahlambulula ngokukhawuleza ziphelelwa. Nguwo lo umqondiso lokuqala ukuba ufuna ukukhangela ukuthembeka kwenkqubo sokupholisa le sixhobo. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, le Freon ayikho eyingozi umntu kubushushu na izinyuko ngaphezulu kwama-250, yaye ebilandelwa ukuba lobushushu ekhaya akwenzeki.

Iindawo ezininzi rhoqo refrigerant ukuvuza

Okokuqala - eli kombhobho amalungu. Kuyo nayiphi na ngelotha ukuze kwakheke njengoko microcracks ngenxa ukusebenza gqolo izixhobo nangenxa umtshato mveliso. Kwakhona Freon ukuvuza eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo kokuxhuma iityhubhu evaporator ifriji kunye efrijini. Uphawu kungabonwa ngolutya lokubuya, edityaniswe intliziyo efrijini kunye evaporator.

Indlela xa ulungisa ukuvuza kwamanzi?

Ukuzalisa freon ifriji ekhaya kunokwenzeka ngaphandle koncedo eyiyo na. Ekubeni kufuneka izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nezinto (pump lwepolitiki, ngelotha inkcukacha kwisixhobo ubuninzi yokulinganisa, a solder otyhidiweyo, ngobhobhozo ezizodwa) ukulungiselela umsebenzi. Ekufunyanisweni kwe ukuvuza kwimibhobho usebenzisa isixhobo okhethekileyo ongathi tshin yesinyithi. Emva kokuba inkosi ukuchonga ukonzakala kunye isabelo etywiniweyo, ukuphelisa ukuvuza, impompo ezincamathelayo Impontshelwa eseleyo igesi kunye kwakhona banxibe. Ukuzaliswa kwenzeka nge uxhulumaniso ibhaluni kunye irhasi esatsiba ibekwe kwi istili le isiguquli isibandisi, ngokusebenzisa uqhagamshelwano capillary ityhubhu ivaliwe isitshixo.

Emva koko, isibandisi freon kwakhona uqalisa ujikeleze kakuhle kwaye lobushushu nasemagumbini imiswe ngokungqinelana nemigangatho yamacebo ifriji.