Frensis Bernett: Biography neMisebenzi

Akukho ababhali abaninzi, abaziintanda kwizizukulwana ezahlukeneyo. Inani labo umi ukuxoxa American Frensis Bernett.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Frances Eliza Hodgson wazalwa November 24, 1849 e-Manchester (UK). Xa wayeneminyaka emithathu kuphela ubudala, uyise wafa ngesiquphe. Unina ntombazana nabantwana bakhe abahlanu nganeno ngaseludinini zonakalise. Ukuze kuphuculwe thile imeko zabo, wathabatha imicimbi umyeni wakhe yodwa. Yaye ekuqaleni lahlangana ngempumelelo.

Francis wakhula waza waqalisa ukufunda kwisikolo esincinane labucala, apho ngokukhawuleza wafumana ekwanazo inkanuko ibalulekileyo ebomini bakhe - ukufunda. Kungekudala, waqonda ukuba kuphela ukufunda amabali abanye abantu, koko eze nowabo. Xa tale kuqala ukuxelela abahlobo bayo, owandithandayo uFrances ukuba ngqondweni wakhe. Kwaye ngoko ke, umbhali elizayo baqalisa ukuba abhale izimvo zabo ezincwadini zabo.

Le ndawo ozithandayo kakhulu kuba Francis oselula ehamba emyezweni enomthunzi. Girl ukudlala kulo, funda le ncwadi yaphefumlelwa ngemvelo. Lo myezo wamkhumbula ebomini bakhe kwaye immortalized kule iinoveli.

Qala ukubhala umsebenzi

Nangona yimpumelelo ekuqaleni, usapho Hodgson izinto zaye zisibambi. Ku wagqiba ukusebenzisa ithuba lokugqibela ukuya ubuyele apho wonke umntu wanikwa ithemba lobomi obungcono eMelika. Kweli lizwe, unina, uFrancis wahlala umzalwana owayeza kunceda.

I-United States kungokunje ujongene hayi maxesha zilungileyo; satshatyalaliswa ilizwe ebudeni bemfazwe yamakhaya elide. Hodgson ngenxa yokuba kunzima kangaka ukufumana umsebenzi. Kwaye ukuba abazalwana kusekho into ithemba ukuba umsebenzi kuba kwakungelilo amantombazana.

Francis wagqiba ekubeni azinikele yokuba yena Bendisoloko ndikuthanda. Waqala ukubhala nokusasaza imisebenzi yabo kwiimagazini ezahlukeneyo. Kuba okokuqala yanyatheliswa izintlelo lwabaseTyhini. Kwafika ixesha lokungaphumeleli. Ukwandisa amathuba akho zipapashwa, uFrancis wathabatha elabo eyindoda.

Ubomi itshintshile kwaye kuye kwaba nzima ngakumbi emva kokufa unina. Kwiminyaka yaso 18, Francis kwafuneka ukuba anyamekele intsapho. kweminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba to- watshata uGqirha Swan Burnett waza wathabatha ifani yakhe. Xa lo mtshato uFrances wazala oonyana ababini. UGqirha Burnett waba arhente loncwadi kunye nomfazi wakhe bamnceda ukujongana. Noko ke, umtshato ndandingonwabanga. Yophuka ngo-1898.

iminyaka ukuvuthwa

Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, Frensis Bernett watshata. Kodwa umtshato wesibini kwaqhubeka nokuba ngaphantsi - iminyaka emibini. Inxalenye, oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba umbhali baqalisa ukuhlala mazwe mabini. Kwi-US, kwaba indlu, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini ingqalelo i-UK, apho ebuntwaneni. Francis amalungiselelo intlanganiso kunye abafundi bakhe kumacala omabini i-Atlantic, iphenjelelwa ngempefumlelo, ehamba iindawo eziqhelekileyo yobuntwana, yaye zibonisa ubuhle Great Britain ezincwadini zakhe.

Kamva, Frensis Bernett wafumana US ubumi kwaye ukususela ngoko zange ashiye ilizwe. Apho wabhala umsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela. Okunye okuphambili yaba ethi "I Lost iNkosana", yakhululwa ngo-1915. Ngoxa ihlabathi lonke wayephethwe leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, koko kwakufuneka ubuncinane ezinye ray ithemba novuyo. Kuyinto kubo waza waba inoveli kubafundi abatsha nabadala.

Frances Hodgson Burnett wafa-Oktobha 29, 1924 kwisiXeko saseNew York waza wangcwatywa ecaleni kwintsapho yakhe.

"Imfihlo Garden"

Inxalenye yokuqala ethi "Imfihlelo Garden" wabona ukukhanya ngo-1910. Kwaye emva nje konyaka, sentsomi sapapashwa ngokupheleleyo. Frensis Bernett, le ncwadi intle leyo ophefumlelwe iinkumbulo yaseNgilani wabonisa senoveli ukuya emyezweni, owayesakuba indawo oluthandayo imidlalo bakhe ebuntwaneni.

Umlinganiswa oyintloko, uMariya, wazalwa waza wakhulela e-India, apho ngelo xesha yaba lithanga yaseBritani. Walahlekelwa ngabazali bakhe kwangethuba kakhulu yaye ngenxa yoko kwanyanzeleka ukuba aye eNgilani kuphela isalamane sakhe. nje umalume wam engonwabanga ukubona nomtshana wakhe lowo. indoda Unsociable wakhohlwa yonke into esiyibonayo, bexhamla ubuncwane intlungu yabo: ixesha elithile eyadlulayo, wafelwa ngumfazi wakhe. UMariya lilolo. Akazange akwazi ukufumana njani abahlobo. Ukuba waqalisa ukufunda Elucweyweni umzala wakhe Colin Craven, umkhonzazana uMarta nomntakwabo Deacon.

Ngomhla kummandla uyisekazi ebizwa ngokuba nguMariya wafumana igadi ethandekayo, leyo kudala ishiywe. Kunye nabahlobo bayo intombazana waya kusebenza. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwathi aguqula kuphela emyezweni, kodwa ubomi babo bonke abo basebenza kulo.

"Nkosi Fauntleroy Little"

Kwase ye umlinganiswa ophambili wenza Vivian, unyana omncinane Frensis Bernett. umbhali wencwadi abazinikele abantwana. Bekukho ngaphandle kunye "Little Nkosi Fauntleroy".

Cedric Uhlala nomama wakhe. Uyise, i eliNgesi, ngubani eMelika, wafa xa inkwenkwe encinane kakhulu. lula Ebukekayo nezizimeleyo Cedric wafumana abahlobo bakhe kubantu abadala, oko enxibelelana bootblack kunye Umthengisi. Le nkwenkwana kubonakala ukuba ubomi bakhe obufezekileyo. Kodwa ngenye imini yonke into yatshintsha kakhulu.

Ukusuka UK kuza igqwetha, onyanzela Cedric bahamba naye. Kubonakala ukuba utatomkhulu inkwenkwe awayeka iindlalifa, kodwa ngenxa yokuba kwakuza kufuneka sizilungiselele ukuba angene zayo. Cedric kufuneka ashiye unina onothando uhlangabeze utatomkhulu ngqwabalala. Ukongeza, le nkwenkwe iya kufuneka ukubeka up kunye lenkolo of endilisekileyo eNgilani. Okanye uzame ukutshintsha ubuncinane kwisithuba ihlabathi yabo kancinane.

Frensis Bernett igqalwa omnye wababhali intle lonke ixesha, owayesebenza abantwana. iincwadi zayo ukufundisa abahlobo, zinxulumene kwihlabathi elibangqongileyo ngothando nenyameko. Ngenxa isizukulwana esitsha ngakumbi nangakumbi abazali bekhetha namabali Frensis Bernett. umbhali wencwadi ethandwa kakhulu ukuba bafunde ekhaya kunye nabantwana.