Ezisibhozo (V8) injini: iimpawu zobugcisa, iimpawu

Inkqubo yophuhliso izithuthi zange wema ngxi. Soloko kwatshintsha iinkcukacha phambili ngakumbi abachubekileyo. iinjini Class V8 weza ehlabathini ngokusebenzisa ezinye ephantsi-amandla ahlala indawo zewonga kwikhonkco ngomatshini.

Okwangoku, le injini uqhayisa lwendawo kwi uhlelo ezinikezelwa abenzi, yaye akayi kukushiya le niche. V8 Igama uthetha ukuba ngokwayo: olu uhlobo lungiselelo cylinder kwibhloko.

Imbali ekubunjweni injini ezimilise V-

Imbonakalo V8-injini lwandulelwe ntoni kubo iinjini e-line, ezo nto zizakubalulwa ngamandla etsala phezulu. I V8-injini yokuqala yaza yakhiwa ingcibi Levassarom, owenza yaphuhlisa iinjini izikhephe kunye neenqanawa ngo-1902. Kodwa sele ngo 1905 ehlabathini babona rollsroysovskie yokuqala ukutshiswa lwangaphakathi injini, nto leyo ifakiwe iimoto.

Ngaphezu koko, iteknoloji baqalisa abenzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle afana Oldsmobile, GM, Chevrolet kunye Cadillac. Le iteknoloji iye ude uthinjwe ngumfazi eUnited States nje waba elithile yonke. abavelisi baseYurophu baye bazama ukuya ngaphezulu iinketho iindleko, ukwenza V8-injini niche.

Kwi-USSR, ekubeni 50, iguqulwe kwaye saphucula iinjini kule klasi ziye zasetyenziswa iilori, yaye kamva - ezimotweni. Nangoku, iRussia abameli ezininzi izithuthi zasekhaya unalo uqwalaselo V8.

American V8

Ithekhinoloji iinjini V8 babethandwa ngokubanzi, eyathatha ixesha elide, ukususela ngo-1910 kunye nasekuqaleni ekupheleni koo. Ezi Motors zibe ezilungele ufakelo iimoto masklkary kwaye eziqhelekileyo bawafikela fancy we computeryomndilili nkonzo.

Kakade ke, hayi ngaphandle ukuguqulwa. GMC Inkampani e yee-70s baleka imigca ezininzi iinjini V8 super kwi imifuziselo eziliqela, ebe ziyahlonelwa zoshishino nemoto American. Kwangaxeshanye, edume Ford ultramarin ukhupha kunye izidalwa ezimbini iingangamsha - le GT350 kunye GT500. Le modeli kule mini ingqalelo enye intle ehlabathini, ngokutsho abaqhubi kunye neengcali.

Ihlabathi kakuhle eyaziwa intsimbi loo iimoto kunye injini V8: Chevrolet Imimaro SS, Chevrolet Impala 67, i-Dodge kwitshaja, i Dodge Challenger, i Buick Riviera, Pontiac i GTO, i Barracuda Plymouth kunye Oldsmobile Toronado. Zonke ezi modeli baziwa kakuhle kwi US ngokunjalo kwi ico.

V8 ekuqaleni e Germany

abameli ebalaseleyo injini zemveliso ziintsimbi, "BMW V8" yaye "Audi V8". Wonke mfo uvile ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuba lo Classic iimoto zemidlalo zemveliso eJamani, leyo uzithandela kwaye bachukunyiswa ngamandla. Esinye isici esasenza yaba isandi injini V8, abaninzi bayazi unanamhla.

Ngamaxesha nemigulukudu '90 eRashiya, amalungu amaninzi iqela waya oomatshini ezi iintlobo. Baye baba nethuba ngapha kwabanye, enkosi motor elomeleleyo, leyo balekela ekufuneni. Injini "Audi V8" waba resource enkulu ngokwaneleyo, nama-700-800 amawaka. Khilomitha, thandwa abaqhubi beemoto ezininzi, ngubani zisasebenzisa kuyo.

Development of the yasekhaya cylinder-anesibhozo

Kakade ke, eSoviet Union, zonke iteknoloji beza kakhulu emva kwexesha. Phantse zonke iimoto yaye iinjini zaye phantse zikhutshelwa kwi noogxa amazwe. Ngoko ke, i V8 injini yokuqala ndingaz yamiselwa imodeli-13, nto leyo abaninzi bayazi njenge "I Inqina."

Ezithandwa kakhulu le injini iimoto ngenxa ezimbini - Gaz-53 kunye ZIL-130. Babegqalwa othembeke kakhulu kwaye kulula ukugcina. Ukulungiswa kwe-injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi ezilula kubangela iingxaki. Kakade ke, kule minyaka, baye baphelelwe ngamandla kwaye iyinto yemihla ngemihla, kangangokuba ayimangalisi.

imboni Modern Auto yasekhaya liyi Motors kuphela nje ezimbalwa. ZMZ injini V8, ezo imiselwe ku "iVolga" yaye "Ibhadi" - phakathi kwabo. Babonisa ukusebenza eliphezulu kwaye kuye kwaqatshelwa njengenye iinjini ilungileyo ethe yenziwe kwisithuba lalisakuba yiSoviet.

Iinkcukacha kunye neempawu V8

V8 (motor) - injini ukutshiswa lwangaphakathi, nto leyo, ngokubanzi, ibandla ukusuka ezimbini ezine-umqolo, apho lanqunyanyiswa enye crankshaft. Kulo mzekelo, iintonga izihlanganisi, ezo acwangciswe ngaphambili, wanxiba isikhonkwane yesingxobo le crankshaft. Le V8 uqwalaselo (motor) for esingangqinelaniyo inertia piston inxalenye kunye nentonga eliphezulu udonga lokungqinga pin. Oku ihamba ukungcangcazela, nto leyo weva kule ndlwana.

Ukulungelelanisa oku ngamandla, nto leyo endinga emigodini ezimbini eya ukujikeleza crankshaft amaxesha-2 ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngexesha elinye kumacala ahlukeneyo. Obu bugcisa lisetyenziswa kwi Ferrari okanye ezinye-high speed yokuvutha kwangaphakathi injini.

lungiselelo multiple cylinder angles isetyenziswa kwihlabathi lanamhlanje ngokuphathelele omnye komnye degrees 60, 90 no-180. Kakade ke, lo common kakhulu kuqala. Xa inguqulelo-ngesantya esiphezulu emotweni kunye masklkarah emi 90-degree. Kuphela umenzi "Subaru" zizakubalulwa: kwinguqulelo imoto lezemidlalo yemodeli V8 injini imo yekona cylinder of ujikelezo degrees 180.

Umthwalo V8 amandla njengento ebalulekileyo

Ekuqaleni Second World War, xa kukho imfuneko ngesiquphe ngenxa iilori amandla kakhulu nokwandisa permeability zabo, kwagqitywa ukufaka kwiklasi iinjini V8 zabo. Oku akuvumelekanga ukuba uthwale iimbumbulu ngakumbi, kwakunye bahamba-hambe indawo apho ngaphambili zange abe traction amandla ngokwaneleyo.

Kule 60s zonke iilori American bebexhotyiswa injini ezinjalo. EYurophu, athandwa injini efunyenwe "Scania" i V8, othe data zobugcisa azivale ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-40 imithwalo, kwaye lula ulondolozo kunye nokuthembeka nto leyo ebangela ukuba uthando beelori.

Kakade ke, namhlanje V8 ezifakwe kwi zithuthi kunye umthamo umthwalo ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-10, njengoko eliphezulu akwenzi ngqiqo ukubeka ngokwalo kwezoqoqosho. Ngoko ke, kwiindlela zanamhlanje ziyakwazi ukukhawulelana abameli zilandelayo ushishino auto kunye efakiweyo V8-injini ndingaz, MAZ, KAMAZ, MAN, DAF, Amafoto, FAW, kunye nabanye. Uqwalaselo ithandwa kakhulu ukuba V8 truck injini 4.2 iilitha.

Inkonzo V-ezimile "eights"

nasiphi na isithuthi kufuneka rhoqo inkonzo kumsebenzi eqhelekileyo ixesha elide. Yiyiphi yinxalenye yale nkqubo? Thatha sihlolisise:

1. Ukutshintsha oyile kunye filter iziqalelo.
2. Siwasebenzise inkqubo amafutha kunye nokulungiswa pump.
3. Ukufakwa yintlantsi iiplagi kunye neebhalbhu.
4. Ukulungisa kwemithambo.
5. Ezitshintshwayo gasket cover ivalve kunye yetreyi yeKDE.
6. ucinezelo Ukulawula.
7. Flow iinxalenye replacement ukuba aphume ukuze.

Tinning V8 ngenjini yemoto nganye yawo, kodwa akufuneki njengoko replacement ngesiquphe okanye ukulungisa kunokubangela imiphumo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo piston okanye indibano motor.

imiba jikelele zokulungisa iinjini kunye iisilinda 8

injini nganye ukusetyenziswa yaso kwezibonelelo, kwaye xa amandla, oko kuyimfuneko ukuze ilungiswe. Ukulungiswa iinjini kufuneka aveze kwizikhululo ezikhethekileyo, kuba nje banezixhobo uya kwenza oko. Isixhobo inokufumaneka wonke umntu, kodwa nezixhobo ezizodwa - akukho.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ulungiso V8: e-line, ucwangciso kunye nemali. I ezimbini zokuqala njalo ecwangcisiweyo, ngenxa yokuba kufuneka kucace ukuba iinkcukacha ngaphakathi unit amandla nakanjani, kodwa lo wokugqibela ngesiquphe kuhla.

Ukulungiswa yentloko cylinder

Enye iintlobo zemisebenzi ukulungiswa, nto leyo yenzelwa kakhulu ukunxiba unit ngamandla zaseprayimari - injini block. Qwalasela imisebenzi esisiseko kunye iintsimbi umzekelo injini ZMZ V8:

1. Kakade ke, into yokuqala uba sikhangelene lonke intloko njengesilinda. Ukuze wenze oku, uyeke yonke into ezisecaleni kuyo. Okunye imiyalelo eneenkcukacha inokufumaneka imodeli zonke umenzi ngokwahlukeneyo.
2. Disassembly yentloko njengesilinda.
3. Ukuhlolwa kumetwa iindawo isusiwe. kujongwa ukufaneleka ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi.
4. Cone, ipolishi, ukugaya kunye nokulungiselela indibano.
5. inkqubo indibano ngqo.
6. Ukufakelwa uqhagamshelwano emotweni.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezi imisebenzi kufuneka yenziwe kwisikhululo kweenkonzo, kuba uninzi lwabo esinokwenziwa ekhaya. iinjini V8 ZMZ lula kakuhle ukuba ukulungisa xa kuthelekiswa kwempahla, apho kukho bokuqonda ezininzi.

Uluhlu macandelo aphambili ezingaphumeleliyo intloko cylinder:

1. Nesokungenisa zeemoto lwezivalo.
2. Izihlalo semigudu namatywina.
3. Camshafts, kwezinye iimeko.
4. tappets.

Phantse usaphule imithombo nokufakelwa amalungu omzimba intloko njengesilinda.

Balungisa isilinda

Ukulungiswa unit amandla yenye yeyona nto inzima emotweni lonke. Kulo elona nani likhulu iindawo, ngaphandle apho ukusebenza isithuthi akunakwenzeka. Ngoko ke, cinga inkqubo iyonke nokulungiswa yenxenye:

1. yaye ngaloo ndlela ethatha ixesha elide na sikhangelene ngokhuselekileyo block njengesilinda. Kufuneka qhawula zonke iindawo ezinxulumene nazo, kwakunye ukuba ibattery njengenxalenye encedisayo. Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesithuthi kunye nenkqubo V8 kunokuba iiyure 8-16.
2. Disassembly yeyunithi lwamandla le ikhutshwa othini lwaso, nto leyo evumela uzijijele ngeenxa esqwini yi degrees 360.
3. Uxilongo ungamalungu zezikhali. Ukuhlolwa kunye nemilinganiselo. Ngokomthetho ukulinganisa ububanzi iijenali crankshaft kunye nobukhulu umjelo piston.
4. Ukukhethwa kwamalungu ezigcinwe kuvimba okanye ingcali umphathi abaza kuzisebenzisa ngokusekelwe data motor zamabanga aphantsi kunye nemilinganiselo.
5. Inqanaba elilandelayo ukulungiswa iba sokusila crankshaft kumatshini okhethekileyo. apho isilinda block wamzalela ngomatshini lithetha honingovochnogo.
6. Hlamba iinxalenye ezenziwe emva ukuthenga ngakunye. Phambi ibandla, bonke amalungu kufuneka zihlanjwe ukusuka swarf, ubumdaka kunye nezinye amasuntswana amazwe.
7. Inkqubo ibandla ingathatha ukususela kwiiyure ezili-16 ukuya kuma-48, kuxhomekeka uhlobo motor.
8. Ekupheleni zonke zazo ukuze avavanywe kuqala othini lwaso, size emva koko ngemoto.

Indawo eziphambili, asetyenziswa kutywinwe lombhobho:

1. Piston okanye gilzokomplekt. Zingathengwa kunye okanye ngokwahlukileyo iinkcukacha.
2. Ifaka intonga zemveli connecting.
3. Iinxalenye Okufakwe zokubhala.
4. kwimpompo oyile.
5. Matywina Oil ku / shaft.
6. Pinion drive.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kutywinwe iintanda unit amandla uhlobo V8 - luyabiza. Kwezinye iimeko, kakhulu kunene njalo. Iingcali ezininzi sinyusa lokulungiswa iinjini ngexesha inkonzo imoto, ngenxa yokuba sitshiphu ngaphezu wokulungisa.

Incam "eights"

Ubukhulu becala, wasele ezizodwa zezi iinjini mntu wacinga. Kakade ke, xa 70-80s kwi masklkarah wazama into yalungisa ukongeza amandla, kodwa akazange aphumelele. iinjineli Modern wenze uhlaziyo single - ufakelo turbocharger, esongeza iimpawu zokutsalwa kwimithwalo.

Njengoko wavuma ukuba umphuhlisi "Dodge Challenger": "Kutheni ukuphucula ntoni ogqibeleleyo sele?". Wabenzi, American "izilwanyana" ingakumbi endala akakholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko urhwebo ngaphakathi iinjini kwimveliso kwabo, ngokuba konke oko kunokwenzeka sele ifakiwe nezifanele ngamandla ubuninzi.

iinjini Diesel nge yoqwalaselo V8

iinjini Diesel V8 indawo ipetroli ukuziqhuba. abameli ebalaseleyo ico yi YaMZ-238. Kule minyaka kungqineke inokuthenjwa. Cwangcisa ikakhulu MAZ abanye oomatshini basefama. Ngokufanelekileyo lula ukulungisa, kunye nezahlulo onga ubuninzi ukuvumela ukuba ukhethe ukhetho best ngokuthenga.

V8 idizili injini inamandla kakhulu, ipetroli ngokungafaniyo leyo nto abenzi abaninzi imoto watshintshela kwisicelo yayo. Kwakhona, ukugqithisela inkulu kuthiwa amafutha aphantsi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo linyuke-40%.

Advance enkulu kuphuhliso iinjini yohlobo fyabo ingqalelo distribution kwamafutha electronic kunye iisilinda ngokwaphula. It sasetyenziswa kuqala kwi "Dodge Challenger". abavelisi imoto ngoku ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle sebenzisa "ezisibhozo" buchwepheshe.