Esimibalabala Great: inkcazelo, indawo yokuhlala, iifoto

Akukho zehlathi ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle le ntaka hayi. izandi eziphezulu zesingqisho obethe esimibalabala weva macala onke, ingakumbi ephawuleka entwasahlobo. Ukuba ujonga ngeliso e nemithi, akabonanga nento. Le ntaka akukho lula kukoyika, kwaye maxa wambi iimpukane "ukwenza ingxolo" emiyezweni, imithi phantsi iifestile okanye izibonda yocingo. Iyothusa kakhulu kwaye inemibalabala, bedidekile naye umntu akunakwenzeka. Kodwa nantsi iintlobo nezinqolamthi abakwazi ukwahlula ngokulula. Ngakumbi ixhaphake kakhulu kwilizwe lethu, esimibalabala. Makhe wanibeka phezu kwawo.

esimibalabala Great: Inkcazo

Isibakala sokuba le ntaka kunzima ukwenza nomntu Edidekile, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba inkangeleko yayo ngqo kunye nangendlela kwemveliso yokutya. ubungakanani Great esimibalabala lidla xa kuthelekiswa ne-thrush, baya kulifunda efanayo. ubude bayo mzimba avareji nemiqulu iisentimitha-22 ukuya 27, iimazi zincinane ngokubanzi ngaphezu into eyindoda. Mass iinkukhu amancinci - 60-100 kuphela grams. esimibalabala ayikho ilize wabelithiyiwe kuba has a eqaqambileyo kakhulu, nokuchasanisa umbala iintsiba e (ngamanye amaxesha epinki) podhvoste emnyama namhlophe kunye ebomvu.

Iinkunzi kwabesifazane zingahlukaniswa ngebala entanyeni. Zonke ezisencinci babe ikepusi ebomvu phezu kwentloko yakhe, kunye nobudala iyalahleka. isisihla Red emva intloko ke kuphela into eyindoda. Top of intloko uba omnyama. Izidlele intaka, ebunzi, esiswini - ezimhlophe, kuxhomekeke yokuhlala uyakwazi ukutshintsha umbala wabo eziqaqambileyo esihlambulukileyo phantse beige okanye mdaka. esimibalabala liye enesidima kakhulu evulekile efikelela phantse sisiqingatha semitha (42-47 neesentimitha). Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele imilo ngumsila wena. Lithiwe rhuthu (tapered) sine-avareji ubude; nzima kakhulu njengoko idlala indima inkxaso xa uhamba intaka kwi emthini. Ubume bale imilenze, ngokuqhelekileyo nezinqolamthi - zigodaktilnoe, okt phambi iminwe emibini amabini angasemva kuyaphikisana. I-avareji side yentaka ngeenxa 9 iminyaka.

esimibalabala Great: indawo yokuhlala

Le ntaka eqhelekileyo kakhulu, nto leyo iba yokuhlala ngokubanzi - ukusuka elikwiiCanary Islands ukuya eKamchatka kunye Japan. Amaninzi, iintaka ungenzi nto, kunqabile - ephila. Le yokugqibela kubangelwa ikakhulu zokuhlala, leyo disadvantageous ngokubhekiselele kunikezelo ukutya, ngoko iintaka banyanzeleka ukuba enze ukuba imfuduko (ngesinyanzeliso) kwiingingqi asebumelwaneni. esimibalabala (iifoto inokubonwa kwinqaku) yi ukungafuni kakhulu kwindawo abahlala kuzo kwaye bendelisele iingcambu phantse kuyo yonk 'indawo kukho imithi - emahlathini boreal ukuya parks mzi. Yintoni ayimangalisi kukuba ukhetho kuxhomekeke kuphela kwi lizwe ahlala kuyo iinkukhu, kodwa ukusuka kummandla ukuya kummandla. Ngenxa yoko, eSiberia kunye Urals esimibalabala zibalaselisa amahlathi coniferous egalelwe, kodwa ubukho ompayina, kwaye emantla-ntshona weli lizwe ithanda ngcu Boram, amahlathi nespruce.

Le esimibalabala utya ehlotyeni?

basebaninzi khumbula ukusuka kwisikolo ekuthiwa ihlathi nococeko. Ezi ziquka ingcuka kunye esimibalabala. Bird uncamela ukuhlala emahlathini, apho emininzi imithi ezindala kunye ezibolileyo. Kwagcwala ukutya ezahlukeneyo. Ngakumbi ubukho bezinto isityalo okanye isilwanyana ukutya kuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba amadoda namabhinqa ukuba bazixhase kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu kwezinye ehlathini. Ukudla Spring-ihlobo ibandakanya ubukhulu becala izinambuzane kwindawo yazo. Owokuqala ngulo, Kakade ke, bugs ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka nezo zitya kweenkuni, kwakunye kwindawo yazo: ooqongqothwane elide lineempondo, amabhungane ixolo, njengamaxhama, weevils, ooqongqothwane, borers. esimibalabala yenza ibetha 130 ngomzuzu kunye ngomlomo wayo. Oku kunika umdla kakhulu amandla, akukho bug okanye umbungu akuyi kuhamba nakuthathatha. Kwakhona ekutyeni intaka iquka amabhabhathane, kuquka engubo ixhonti, imibungu zabo, iintwala, iimbovane. esimibalabala ayikho squeamish amabunzi ukuba umqulu ithuba elinjalo. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba maxa wambi ezi ntaka alihlutha abantwana iindlwane zeentaka ezincinane ukucula.

Le nezinqolamthi adla ukuwa ebusika?

Ekwindla-ebusika oxhaphakileyo yezityalo, ukutya iiproteins-rich. Oku kuquka iimbewu zemithi coniferous, imbewu, nuts. Of umdla yindlela yokufumana yimbewu amaqhuma. Kuyinto uphawu zonke nezinqolamthi, kodwa olu hlobo bayizisa kufezeka. Ekuqaleni ikhefu esimibalabala cone, ngoko uqhubeka ukuba kumlomo kwisiza preselected - le nensimbi, leyo, eneneni, kukuba kwesibambi okanye noqhoqhoqho Emphezulwini enamathele esihlahleni. Bird ngamandla ngokupheleleyo ukubetha umlomo we-cone, uze emva koko uyaqhubeka kwisidlo - otklevyvaya isikali, ukususa imbewu. A esimibalabala ungenza bazenzela malunga 50 anvils ezinjalo, kodwa isebenzisa, njengoko umthetho, ababini okanye abathathu. Ngoko ke, ebusika emva phantsi komthi linye yande yonke umphakathi kwisilayidi kukubola.

Xa zikhwela iimazi nezinqolamthi ngexesha?

Ezi iintaka luphawulwa nomfazi. Ukufikisa bafike ekupheleni konyaka yayo yokuqala yobomi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba izibini emva kokuba ixesha lokukhwela ukuba bahlale ndawonye de intwasahlobo ezayo. Okanye baya kuwa ubusika ngokwahlukeneyo, kodwa sibabone kwakhona kunyaka olandelayo.

Ukuziphatha kweentaka ngexesha lokukhwela ibalasele kakhulu. zimpawu yokuqala ukuvela ekupheleni kukaFebruwari - ekuqaleni kuka March kwaye kuyaqhubeka avuke de phakathi kwinyanga yokuqala yasentwasahlobo. Iintaka baqale ukuchitha ukhetho. Iinkunzi ukuziphatha umsindo kakhulu, elikhulu enobundlobongela tokuyut amayeyeye. Iimazi phendula kubo, kodwa ngaphantsi ngokuphawulekayo. Ehlabathini phakathi ngoMeyi, xa esi sibini sele ichaziwe, iqala ulwakhiwo iindlwane.

nezinqolamthi yokwakha

Umthi, nto leyo eya kuba kuyo ezibuhlazarha, ukhetha into eyindoda. Kufuneka kube ezibolileyo, kodwa umthi ethambileyo (umzekelo, Aspen okanye alder, ngaphantsi ngokufuthi oki okanye ezinde, larch).

esimibalabala (ingasentla), ohlala amahlathi redkolistvennyh, ukhetha ukwenza i usikrobana entsha yonyaka. Ukuba indawo yokuhlala yayo - Conifers ashinyeneyo, le ntaka ubuyela endala. Ulenze, ngokuqhelekileyo zisendaweni ukuphakama kuyimitha ukuya kwisibhozo kwaye nobunzulu malunga 25-35 cm kanye ububanzi - malunga 10. Ukwakhiwa kakhulu inxaxheba inkunzi nemazi ngamanye amaxesha kuphela indawo, kuba ixesha elithathwayo ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Nezinqolamthi zibeka amaqanda phakathi ku-komnyaka, ngeenxa ekupheleni kuka-Aprili. Bamba ivela-5 ukuya 7 abamhlophe yeqanda encinane, ecwebezelayo. Ngelo hatching, bobabini abazali bathathe inxaxheba, kodwa ke ebusuku - eyindoda kuphela. Amantshontsho abophe ze, ungenamandla kwaye imfama usuku 10-12.

esimibalabala abancinane nabakhulu: iiyantlukwano

• Ngu uhlobo umbala buboya. Xa Uhlobo encinane ezinqamlezayo umvumbo emnyama esidleleni alifikeleli ngasemva intloko uphazanyiswa kwaba litshatshazi. Ukongeza, loo nto ayinayo i pink okanye undertail bubomvu. Kodwa entliziyweni esimibalabala anabo umnqwazi - ebomvu kunye umda abamnyama amadoda kunye nabasetyhini ezimhlophe.
• esimibalabala kunye esimibalabala amancinci nezirhwexu ezahlukahlukeneyo zendalo ukwenza izandi. Uhlobo lokuqala shot mfutshane kakhulu kwaye ithatha imizuzwana malunga 0.6, kuquka 12-13 imivumbo, kodwa phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba wazi, njengoko bahlanganisane kwenye yesandi ngokuqhubekayo. Ngaphezu koko, ngokukhawuleza ulahlekelwa sonority yayo iqala phezulu, kodwa ngokukhawuleza siyaphela. esimibalabala yenza ibetha 130 ngomzuzu, idubule liviwa maxa wambi kumgama ozikilometa enye enesiqingatha. Izandi ezenziwa esimibalabala encinane, ngakumbi njenge ilizwi leemvumi iintaka, ukuba ezinde kakhulu. Kwaye iqhekeza naye ngakumbi elide, kodwa hayi nje ngezandi, njengokuba ifomu yokuqala, ithatha umlinganiselo lemizuzwana 1.5.
• esimibalabala Small ezincinane kancinane ngobukhulu, ubude bayo nama-14-15 cm.
• iinketho ezahlukeneyo ngokukhetha zokuhlala. Sincinane esimibalabala ithanda ezimnandi kunye namahlathi engumxube, kunxweme amachibi, imigxobhozo. Ezama ukunqanda Conifers ezimnyama.

Ngaba iintshaba esimibalabala?

Kubonakala ngathi le ntaka loo mgaqo ayikwazi kuba iintshaba, enyanisweni, kunye ngomlomo wayo enamandla, eme kakuhle up for yena. Kodwa ke kucacile ukuba ngandlel 'ithile. Ulwazi malunga ukuhlaselwa nezinqolamthi, iintaka ezidla nkqu kancinane, kodwa ke apho. Ngokubanzi, ukuba sengozini ukusuka Sparrowhawks, goshawk, kwi flat namageduka - ukhetshe njengeyona.

Kumarhamncwa ezweni kubalulekile ukuphawula marten kunye ermine. tamarind Nokuba socket leyo ebonakala zifihliwe ze akhuselwe, maxa wambi phantsi yonakalisa protein-sony polchka kwaye bomvu Vechernitsi (iintlobo ilulwane). Kwenzeka ukuze nezinqolamthi ukuba wasuswa azalise starlings ubudala.

Woodpecker ukufaneleka ukuba iimeko zokusingqongileyo

Phantse zonke izilwanyana neentaka babe ezithile ngeempawu ezithe zavela ngenxa lohlengahlengiso ukuya izinto zehlabathi lwangaphandle. Akukho ngaphandle kunye esimibalabala. Iimpawu nezimo kokusingqongileyo zidweliswe ngezantsi.

• iinzipho ebambayo apha emilenzeni kwenza kube lula ukuhlala esiqwini okanye ugobela ngakulo amasebe awo.
• Nzima imilo nomsila nesinqumka kuthintela Isuka phantsi wompu; uyakufanelekela ngakumbi ekwandeni imithi kunokuba yokubalekela.
• ukulusebenzisa strong Long kunceda bamhlabileyo amaxolo kwemithi ndiwenze kwimigongxo ukutya yokwakha ndibabuthe.
• ulwimi Long, ezingcakacileyo, ezincangathi kuyanceda ukufumana izinambuzane ukusuka kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.