Element yezakhiwo, ababevela emkhosini waloo obelisk yamandulo baseYiputa - a ...

Eli nqaku liza kuthetha ntoni na obelisk xa owazalwa kuqala, le elementi izakhiwo, ukuhlalutya ngembali Luxor obelisk.

bokwakha

Abantu basoloko zinikwe kubaluleke kakhulu kumacandelo ezobugcisa, kuquka izakhiwo. Ubomi Uninzi impucuko yamandulo, siyazi ngenxa becala kwizakhiwo alondolozwe kwaye imiba yesimbo bokwakha, umzekelo, ezi ziquka iiphiramidi yamaMaya eMzantsi Merika. Kakade ke, asingabo bonke abantu yashiya uphawu ebonakalayo kwindawo kwimbali, ukuba efanayo nanamhlanje indlu kunye nezinye izakhiwo okokuqala isetyenziswe njengento eluncedo, kunye nokomelela eminyaka ubudala kunye izisombululo zokwakha nobunzima kakhulu, bona akukho ezahlukeneyo.

Mhlawumbi eli xesha kakhulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle zembali - yi Egypt Ancient. Kwaye ukuba lenze kule mini inkcubeko aba bantu ngoku abafileyo. Kwaye, ngaphandle iiphiramidi ukuya namhlanje lifikelele ebaluleke kakhulu amaYiputa amandulo, le nto zokwakha, ngathi obelisk. Ngoko ke yintoni na obelisk, njengoko lisetyenziswe kweli xesha lethu? Le nto iya kuthetha.

definition

Iiobelisk eGrisi yamandulo, kodwa apho ixabiso nje eluncedo, umzekelo, njengokuba gnomon (iimpawu ezizodwa, le ngku kwase) lelanga. Xa yamandulo Egypt Obelisk - a uphawu kwelanga, yaye, ngokubanzi, omnye izinto ozithandayo lokwakhiwa kunye yokomfuziselo. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ngembali yala matye yaseYiputa injongo yabo.

Icebo kunye nokuqeshwa

obelisk Egyptian (ubuncinane abo asinda kule mini) are monoliths, apho zaba nemikrolo ukusuka ibloko yohlobo olunye ngamatye. izinto aphumele lenyengane elibomvu ukuba elalimbiwe e Aswan. Baye ifakelwe ngababini ngapha yokungena etempileni.

Ngenxa ukungafezeki zixhobo zazenziwe iiobelisk elide kakhulu yaye kunzima. Umzekelo, ukuba obelisk ka Hatshepsut oqingqiweyo iinyanga ezisixhenxe. Ngoku siyazi into obelisk. Cinga iimpawu eziphambili.

senziwa isandla sabo, ukuba agubungele abalinganiswa, ogama iitekisi kwiimeko ezininzi evalelwe kukuzukiswa woothixo kunye koFaro ababambeleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba izakhiwo ezinjalo zinentsingiselo ekhethekileyo, oko isale i intsila zegolide nezesilivere. Noko ke, ukuba wenze oko kuphela ngencam obelisk. Ngoko eYiputa yakade obelisk - into ebalulekileyo yonqulo yonqulo umqondiso.

Ababhali-mbali siyazi ukuba ubuciko yokwenza zaseBhete amaYiputa wandivelisa ngexesha ubukhosi yesi-4, kodwa endala kakhulu ukuba aye asinda ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, libhalwe Dynasty 5. osemqoka yawo - ubungakanani encinane, ngaphezulu kancinane ngaphezu kweemitha ezintathu. Ukuba sithethe ngabo baye basinda ku amaxesha zethu kwindawo enye ezazakhiwe, omdala ke obelisk ka Senusret. A eliphezulu ugqibile - lowo olucwangcisa kwi Karnak, ukuphakama kwalo phezu-24 leemitha. Hi ndlela leyi, ngokutsho esondele iqikelela oko: Umlinganiseli iitoni 143. Njengoko ubona, i obelisk - isakhiwo eyahlukileyo kakhulu ngobukhulu.

ukwanda

Ngokuthe ngcembe, kumatye yaseYiputa ekusasazeni emhlabeni wonke. Amazwe yokuqala apho kwakukho fashion kubo, baba ePalestina nezaseFenike. Nangona kunjalo, apho zaveliswa ngokuzoba up uziziqwempu ngamnye, nto leyo lula kakhulu inkqubo yokuvelisa. iiobelisk Okulandelayo waqala kwalutyhutyha baseByzantium uBukhosi, iAsiriya, nkqu Ethiopia. Inani elikhulu kuwo kumazwe angaphandle ukuya kumazwe uBukhosi baseRoma. Ngokomzekelo, lowo leyo ibekwa ngoku phambi waseLateran Basilica eRome, yasekwa Karnak, angu 230 ukuphakama kwayo kweemitha-32. Noko ke, into yokuqala ethi qatha engqondweni xa ujonge lo obelisk, indlela ithuthwa? Nanamhlanje, nempahla yalo impahla ayikho umsebenzi onjalo elula.

Ngexesha Renaissance amaxesha iiobelisk baba nabayili ezithandwayo Italian njengezinto ze nokwakheka lulonke. Kwaye ke, ukususela phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX njengenzala yoluntu ekukhuleni kunye mbali eYiputa Ancient, amazwe amaninzi Sizibandakanye kuloo engalawulekiyo athunyelwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinto zobuciko kunye kwakudala. Umzekelo, eSt Petersburg kwi Neva kumlambo sphinxes, kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba ziziswa ngqo bevela eYiputa, kunye neminyaka engama amawaka.

ixesha lethu

Kwaye namhlanje, iiobelisk athandwa kakhulu kuba njengento zokwakha njenge sculpture intsingiselo yakuma wedwa yokomfuziselo okanye lesikhumbuzo. I inkulu ke Washington Monument kwi-US, ukuphakama kwayo kweemitha 169.

ERashiya, ukunwenwa iiobelisk ezifunyenweyo, kuqalwa kolawulo uCatherine II, naqiniswa imbeko zoloyiso zomkhosi impumelelo. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukujonga ngelizwi "obelisk". Lo lesikhumbuzo zokwakha, elijongeka lasisimiso, tapering phezulu.

Amatshe ngcembe kwawa aphume fashion njengento uyilo okanye izakhiwo, kodwa waqala ukuba isetyenziswe ilitye lesikhumbuzo uzuko emkhosini. Umzekelo, ukuba kunokwenzeka rhoqo ukuhlangabezana kumatye okungcwaba evela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Kwaye emizini Russian ezi ezikhumbuzo ukuze ebalaseleyo amanani zembali zomkhosi zale minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, umzekelo, i-obelisk wokuwonga Minin kunye Pozharsky e Nizhny Novgorod, on-site umyalelo post Suvorov kwi entsimini Borodino , kunye nabanye.

Luxor obelisk

Ngowe-1831, irhuluneli laseYiputa Mehmet Ali wanika France Luxor Obelisk, elimiswe ngaphambili imbeko kaRamses II. Sele 1833 kokuba asiwe eParis emva kwentlanganiso Royal imiselwe kwi Indawo de la Concorde, apho unanamhla uyakwazi ukubona obelisk. Ifoto ngoncedo lwe-yayo ephezulu kancinci. Inxalenye esezantsi ibonisa inkqubo lesikhumbuzo of delivery.