Ekubeni xa Russian uMongameli Putin? Ziziphi unyaka Putin waba ngumongameli okwesihlandlo sokuqala?

ngonyaka elikude kunye wokugqibela kwinkulungwane yama-20 yaba kukutshintsha kwimbali yelizwe lethu. Ngaloo nyaka kwakukho uthotho iziganeko kumiselwa indlela yembali Russian kwiminyaka engamashumi zokuqala ezimbini kwinkulungwane yama-21. 1999 kwakhokelwa ekuqaleni yokuqala yekota yokuqala ngumongameli Vladimir Putin wayezele iziganeko abafayo, owoyikekayo. Ukuqala yesibini imfazwe Chechen, iphulo yonyulo ndlongondlongo phambi konyulo ngoDisemba 19 kwi-State Duma, abagrogrisi eMoscow Volgodonsk, ukuhlasela imigulukudu Basayev kunye Khattab ezilalini e Dagestan, kukhwazo, imfazwe e Serbia njalo njalo. Ngaloo nyaka, umbhodamo kwamandla lezopolitiko bazisa lizwe ukuze lusemgubasini wentlekele. Ekubeni xa uMongameli Putin nonyulo yakhe yanefuthe kwimbali yelizwe lethu kule nkulungwane yama-21?

Intlekele eyehlele i-amandla ezopolitiko

Ukusilela iyonke kutshintsho loqoqosho, ifuthe ukwehla kwamandla emali likazwelonke, nto leyo eyaqala kunyaka ongaphambili, kunye nezinye iimeko ezininzi ziye zenza Boris Yeltsin ayamkelwa kakhulu emehlweni inani elikhulu labavoti. Akukho ntengiso kwezopolitiko kunye nobuqhetseba ayikwazanga ukuqinisekisa uloyiso BN Yeltsin kunyulo 2000 oluzayo, njengoko kwenzeka 1996. Eli phulo ukuba kuthathelwe kamongameli, zenzeka kwi State Duma, wamsongela ngokuqatsela zibe ukutshutshiswa kunye nesohlwayo kwabo inoxanduva kwempahla kweli lizwe - BN Yeltsin kunye nabantu emi emva kwakhe. Ukukhokela amaqela aphikisayo - "looBawo - All Russia" kunye ngamaKomanisi - ityala ngqo ukuba iinguqu ayiphumelelanga nokuphangwa eli lizwe ukuba umongameli usapho BN Yeltsin kunye oligarchs. Izilogani neengxelo ezilolu hlobo evela inkcaso, baye bafumana inkxaso ngokubanzi kubavoti eziqhelekileyo yaye isoyikiso sokwenene elibusayo Yeltsin.

Lo mkhuba Russia Putin kaThixo

Ekubeni xa uMongameli Putin? Ukususela ngo-2000 , eli bali Russian iqala uphuhliso ecacileyo okuqhubekayo, ukufumana ezinye ingqiniseko nozinzo, waphawulwa ngezinto eziliqela ngempumelelo zoqoqosho nezopolitiko. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lo mkhuba Russia Putin, kodwa ngaphambi konyulo Matshi 2000, akukho yipharadaym nembali ethile yelo yayingekabikho. th 1999 ifihle ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezinye zembali, zonke ezo sakhatywa kunyulo kuRhulumente Duma ngoDisemba 1999 kwaye ukhetho ngo-2000. Zonke kodwa mnye.

Ekubeni xa Putin waba ngumongameli of Russia ngokusemthethweni

VV Putin iphumelele unyulo umongameli we -26 Matshi 2000, phantse 53% ye kuvotwe. Ekubeni xa Putin - uMongameli Russian? Igama lokuqala baqalisa ngoMeyi 7 - nomhla wokunikezelwa. nowethu omkhulu Putin yaba kolu lonyulo, Zyuganov, abo baqokelela kakhulu iivoti ezimbalwa - 29.2%. Kodwa ngexesha lonyulo Matshi uV Putin sele waba ngumongameli olibambela, ukuze ngonyaka wama-2000 ayikho loo mhla, ekufuneka ozakuthathwa ekuqaleni ngumongameli wakhe.

Ekubeni xa Putin - uMongameli Russian? Enyanisweni, uV Putin waba ngokupheleleyo ukwenza imisebenzi kamongameli ngaphambili, oko kukuthi-31 Disemba 1999, xa endaweni uye wamisela Russian uMongameli wangaphambili BN Yeltsin. Yaba ngomhla wokugqibela ka 1999 V. Putin ezivela ezandleni BN lonke Yeltsin spectrum kwamagunya kamongameli. Ngentsasa elandelayo, ngentsimbi 11, phambi kasolusapho, kwaye umsitho esinyanisekileyo uMongameli wokuqala Russia VV wamnikela amandla umongameli Putin. Umongameli entsha kwaye zonke imfanelo yamandla karhulumente ezidluliselwe, kuquka i "ibrifkheyisi lwenyukliya". Ummiselo lokuqala olibambela umongameli uxwebhu kuqinisekisa inviolability ka BN Yeltsin kunye namalungu entsapho yakhe, kwakunye bethembisa ukuba batshutshise aba bantu enkundleni. Ekubeni xa Putin - ngumongameli okwesihlandlo sokuqala? Ekuqaleni kwekota yokuqala umongameli kufuneka ingqalelo i ngoMeyi 7, 2000, xa kwakukho ukuvulwa.

Ekubeni xa Putin waba ngumongameli, kwaye oku kwakhokelwa

injongo VV Putin kwindawo liphezulu kweli lizwe kwakhokelwa uthotho lweziganeko ezinkulu. Richest abantu bemi emva BN Yeltsin kwaye basebenzise ngenkuthalo yempembelelo kwamandla ephakamileyo kweli lizwe ngenxa ka zophuculo ngakumbi lobuqu, kwakufuneka-nkqubo omtsha onokukhokela lizwe ukugcina ukhetho kwi kumandla elite ubudala yaye ubanike isiqinisekiso zokhuseleko. Enye yezi bantu abanempembelelo BA Berezovsky, ngubani na umnini abangabaxhamli TV yokuqala. Ngenxa umkhankaso yokhetho Wabaleka kukhuphiswano lomgama ekwindla ka-1999 phambi konyulo Duma, imigudu aba bantu bakwazile liyakhula iivoti ezaneleyo ukwenza enye "Umanyano" ezinkulu angquzulanayo ( "Bear"), nto leyo waba undoqo ngamandla entsha umongameli uV Putin, lowo ngelo xesha usihlalo karhulumente. injongo VV Putin kwisikhundla sokubambela ngumongameli welizwe kwakhokelwa iphulo inzima kakhulu ezijoliswe kuloyiso kwamanqaku njengomongameli elizayo kwaye uninzi yepalamente kunyulo oluzayo.

Iimpawu lokhankaso lolonyulo lika mongameli yesibini ka-Russia ngo 1999-2000

Ingqwalasela ephambili yale phulo zonyulo yenziwe kwi imfazwe Chechnya, ekulweni ubunqolobi kwaye ubuyisele uxolo kweli lizwe. Intloko ye-Federal Service Security, wonyulwa ophambili uV Putin, owayeqeshwe inkulumbuso ngo-Agasti 1999. Ngelo xesha, amagunya iNkulumbuso abafake kusetyenziswa ukuze bakwazi ukuphumelela kwikhondo lizimele. USihlalo we urhulumente Primakov limisiwe ngoMeyi 1999, kunye Luzhkov wakhokela iqela lezopolitiko, nto leyo eye yaba isoyikiso sokwenene isigwebo elite kwi run-ukuya kunyulo Disemba. Into eziqaqambise ngayo amanani Prime Minister wavuka kabukhali nxamnye imvelaphi uMongameli BN ulahlekelwa kuthandwa Yeltsin.

amanyathelo anokuthathwa ejolise ekusombululeni umfanekiso ezintle entsha inkokheli zopolitiko Russia, ziye ezinxulumene ne ekoyiseni kwizisongelo ubunqolobi kunye imfazwe Chechnya. I BA channel yokuqala Berezovsky ngenkuthalo wagxeka njenge iqela Luzhkov - Primakov, kunye Communist Party. Eli xesha, khumbula bonke abemi Russia kwi ngendlela ngoLwesihlanu Channel Dorenko eyaziwa TV presenter. Kulo lonke eli lizwe, asukuzana Chechen ubunqolobi, yaye Chechnya waqalisa imfazwe, impumelelo yayo kungatolikwa ngokusebenzisa amajelo eendaba ezilawulwa yi amaqela igunya owoyisileyo. Umfanekiso akuyo ye oziphethe entsha Russian Vladimir Putin ukusuka kanye ekuqaleni kwathathwa njenge-emilise umlweli esingenalusini izilangazelelo ngurhulumente, okwaziyo yokukhusela lizwe.

Xa Putin weza amandla enyanisweni

Ekubeni xa Putin - umongameli eneneni? Ukuba ngo 2000 ngexesha Putin baqalisa esekelwe ngokusesikweni kwintando yabantu, gameli yangempela Putin baqalisa kancinane ngaphambili. Kuthathwa ukuba yaqala kunye ummiselo yokuqala Russian uMongameli Boris Yeltsin ukuba amise uV Putin kwisikhundla ibambela ekupheleni kuka-1999. Kwaye, kuya kuba bubulumko ukucinga ukuba ngumongameli wakhe waqalisa zivalwa - ukusebenza kwisithuba se inkulumbuso ngo-Agasti 1999, xa ezandleni uV Putin ijolise ngamandla elikhulu kakhulu ngokupheleleyo kwaye waqalisa ukwenza imisebenzi Russia mihla, apho ababhali-mbali bathi kamva of Putin?

inkxaso Popular - impumelelo ngamandla lukamongameli

Ekubeni xa Putin waba ngumongameli of Russia, kunye nale, imfuneko ukubala ixesha isiqalo sexesha elitsha. iimpawu ezininzi wokulawula ngumongameli wesibini lizwe lethu eyaqala ngo-1999, xa ilizwe weza ekudibaneni zembali ngokwenene esengozini kokuwa, isiphithiphithi nemfazwe yamakhaya. izinto Historical ngenkani uV Putin ukwenza ezinzima, umnqwazi, ngelo xesha ke ukuba ningethi ngokuthandwa phakathi ngabavoti Russian 'ukuba kwisakhelo,' ukuze anikele ubungqina beemeko ezikhoyo kunye nempumelelo uthethe ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokucacileyo, esazi ukuba kuphela inkxaso uninzi ngundoqo kwimpumelelo yonke imicimbi yayo kunye nemisebenzi esiyenzayo.

Amanyathelo okuqala yenkokheli entsha lizwe

Ekubeni xa Putin - nguMongameli kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo omtsha? Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngo-1999 kwimbali eRashiya bekusoloko ezininzi iindlela zophuhliso ezizezinye, kodwa ukususela ngo-2000 bashiya iindlela. VV Putin abazange bashiye ithuba kuchaphazela imbali yelizwe abantu abaninzi ababekade ngaphambili nempembelelo kakhulu. Ngaloo nyaka, impembelelo yawo ezilahlekileyo oligarch ezimbini Russian - Vladimir Gusinsky kunye Boris Berezovsky. Le khosi esithathwe umongameli entsha ekulweni oligarchs ngo-2000, kuthwalelwa phandle kwixesha elizayo, kodwa iindlela omzabalazo, ethe yasetyenziswa kunyaka wokuqala uV Putin, wahlala kalukhuni enye. Vladimir Gusinsky, NTV ukulawula yabo kunye zepalamente zamaqela ngamaqela ukhetho inkxaso Luzhkov - "looBawo - All Russia" Primakov kaThixo. Abahlalutyi ithathwa indawo iinkokheli NTV njenge umzabalazo ngqo okukhulayo.

Yintoni yokwenene iimbono kwezopolitiko kunye nokukhethwa umongameli entsha

intshukumo umdla okulwa, nto leyo isuntswana ityhila okulahlekiswa zopolitiko yokwenene umongameli omtsha. Ukudala zepalamente zamaqela ngamaqela isininzi womanyano uV "Bear" Putin liye Washumayela kunye Communist Party - belinye eceleni. party Luzhkov kaThixo, apho Gusinsky wayemi, "Apple" kunye nezinye zezepolitiki ukuba ngoku ibizwa ngokuba umhlathi yesihlanu, ngoko akazange afumane naluphi na ulawulo omnye zeekomiti State Duma. Unobangela inokusebenza ukuzibophelela umongameli ukuze iingcamango zemalike free ibisoloko zibonwa ukuzimisela kwiinkqubo hlengahlengiso zoqoqosho ezinzima, apho kufanelekileyo.

Bayahlelwa yabadlali zezopolitiko

Ukususela xa Putin, uMongameli Russian, nale kufika ixesha kwelanga Yeltsin era oligarchs. NgoJuni 2000, Vladimir Gusinsky kutshintshiselwano inkululeko kunye nethuba lokuba amazwe ukuze 'ngokuzithandela' zizaku impahla yazo, ukubayinxalenye eendaba abarhwebi abaxhasa umongameli omtsha ukhetho zonke. Kwakhona Berezovsky eyemka ngayo kweli lizwe, ndayekayo liLungu lePalamente, phantsi ugrogriso ukutshutshiswa ngenxa ubuqhophololo, leyo kokukuxhaphaza ebudeni bolawulo Boris Yeltsin. Ort yayeka ukuba abaxhomekeke umnini wangaphambili. Ukususwa oligarchs amakhulu kwezopolitiko, ndiwuhlutha nje ngekhono lazo ukuxhasa intshukumo eliphikisayo kurhulumente yangoku iye yaba yinto ephambili ebalulekileyo kwimpumelelo zolawulo kudala loo ngumongameli wesibini Russia. Le oligarchs baye balahlekelwa yedwa impembelelo yabo, kwanamandla umongameli omtsha waqhubeka ezomeleza. Ngowe-2004, ekubeni xa Putin waba ngumongameli okwesihlandlo sesibini, kubantu kuqhutywa ingxoxo ngokubhekiselele kwimeko Yukos, umntu eziphambili ezibandakanyekayo - le oligarch Khodorkovsky - waba elugcinweni, kunye Amaqhinga umzabalazo kunye oligarchs engathandekiyo yahlala injalo.

Umlo kwilizwe, okanye umzabalazo igunya

Kunzima ukutsho oko umlinganiselo iindlela zokujongana wemka oligarchs imeko yezopolitiko ezisemthethweni, kodwa inkxaso ethandwa uV Putin is akukho ndlela ninganciphi. Umlo guququ ilahleko e Chechnya, nkqu nangaphezu kumadabi elidlulileyo, kunye ikhondo imisebenzi yasemkhosini alusoloko brilliant, kodwa wonke umntu uyaqonda yintoni na busengozini na iinjongo zeli lizwe. Abavoti Ububuxolela ngumongameli wesibini izigqibo ezininzi impikiswano, yaye kwiminyaka elandelayo V. iBhodi Putin, ngokuba babekholelwa ukuba lulutho kwabo ekugqibeleni isuke yi umdla karhulumente kunye sakhane. Ekubeni xa Putin - amaxesha nguMongameli 2? Oku kwenzeka ngo-2004, xa abemi Russia kwakhona inkxaso ngumongameli wesibini konyulo. Kwaye ngo-2004, yaye ngowe-2012, emva kokuba omnye loyiso kunyulo kaMongameli, yaye ngowe-2014, xa kwenzeka iziganeko ezibuhlungu eUkraine, umongameli lesibini ukuthandwa iyaqhubeka ukuba aphume ukhuphiswano.

rankings umbuzo

Indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa yi bubuxoki kulo mbandela. Nkqu gqatso yokuqala Presidential uV Putin wenze ubhejo kwi isakhelo eqaqambileyo, ukudala umfanekiso omhle umntu ongakwaziyo ukubeka izilangazelelo zakhe zobuqu yaye bayazingca ngaphezu iimfuno yoluntu lonke. A yokubalekela moya fighter, ekhwele Ukuskiya ntaba, ukuthatha inxaxheba Ukubanga judo, ethwele zomkhosi - zonke ezi zinto yomfanekiso V. Putin wangena ngokucacileyo ezingqondweni uninzi lwabantu ukususela kwimihla yakudala bamandla akhe. Yintoni ukutshintsha Vladimir Vladimirovich, xa athe waba isafobe karhulumente ukususela ngaloo nyaka, ukususela xa Putin - ngumongameli? Umhla for uV umfanekiso Putin iye yatshintsha iinkcukacha kancinane, kodwa logic kwezigqibo zopolitiko ngumongameli wesibini yonke kuhlala ingatshintshanga.