Dzhim Klark - OWAYEBEKA "Formula 1". Biography, impumelelo kwimidlalo

Yena - banentsomi mdlalo. A umlawuli njengoko isantya kunye drive. Yena - intshatsheli omncinane "Formula 1", nayo winner ezininzi. Kwaye nje umntu onesibindi. Yena - Yakobi (uJim) Clark!

ebuntwaneni

Wazalwa ntshatsheli elizayo racing lwendlela ngoMatshi 1936, kwilali encinane Kilmani (Scotland). Abazali James - kakuhle-off abalimi abaye bachitha ixesha elininzi emsebenzini kunye naxhala. Ukususela kwasebuntwaneni ekuqaleni, uJim nechazwe ukuba umncedisi kunye ezihlangwini zikayise. Phakathi abantwana mithandathu Clarkes enye inkwenkwe ababa amalungelo unyana ukuqhubeka umsebenzi umzali nomlondolozi efama.

Kodwa umntwana akabi bayinike ithuba lokuphila ubomi kuhlala kunye nobungakanani inxaxheba kwezolimo kunye nezilwanyana ukulima umhlaba.

Saveza kwizikhewu Scottish ezivulekileyo, ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuphefumla umoya entsha inkululeko, soloko unomdla iimoto ezemidlalo kunye ikhwele-high speed.

Nolwazi lo mdlalo

Xa wayeneminyaka eli-ezilishumi elinantathu, uJimmy uya kwisikolo ophambili e-Edinburgh - elikomkhulu ubukumkani Scottish. Apho owayo uthandana mdlalo - inxaxheba rhoqo iqakamba nakwihoki. Ukudlala njengeqela kunceda ukuba aphuhlise self-discipline kunye nomoya wentsebenziswano, amandla kunye koloyiko.

Apha Dzhim Klark wadibana auto racing. Yena ngomdla iqokelela amanqaku ukusuka kweempepha abaqhubi kakuhle kunye neemoto ezikhawulezayo.

Amanyathelo okuqala injongo kwezemidlalo

Esikolweni, uJimmy kumisiwe ngokufutshane. Abazali bagqiba ukuba lo mfo ufuna ukuba kusetyenziswa nobomi basezifama, wayithimba ekhaya. Ukususela ngoko, i-Clark mfana waba nzulu ukusebenza kunye noyise, ukufunda ins kunye outs yorhwebo yezolimo.

Nangona kunjalo, lo uyolo ethatyathwe kwezemidlalo, kunye drive ngokugxotha nkqi akukho lula ukulibala. UJim isebenzela efama, ke enguye ngokufihlakeleyo ephupha ukoyisa ukhuphiswano Olympus. Hi ndlela leyi, ndisebenze kwifama kwaye inxaxheba kugqatso Clark ikwazile ukudibanisa yonke imihla yam!

Xa injongo yalo mfo uya kancinci. ukweba First nokufuna imoto usapho, ngoko ufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba. Kuyo yonke indawo, nkqu entsimini kwi itrektara, i-James amaphupha aselula-high speed ukuqhuba kunye uloyiso ngempumelelo.

Kuba uJimmy wamvusa imali yokuthenga 'Talbot, "yakhe yokuqala, nto leyo obandakanyeka rally ezingephi, kunye nezinye kukhuphiswano-high speed.

Lonke eli xesha abazali mfo yabe nxamnye bakhe isantya ukuzilibazisa wazama ukuphembelela unyana wakhe, ukuveza kuzo zonke iingenelo ubomi basefama. Noko ke, kukucengwa ukuhendwa encinane wenza leli tyendyana. Wabona wokukora ngolona waya kuye.

kokuqala

Victory landela omnye komnye, nothando ngokobuhlanga uJimmie izibandakanya iqela auto-racing eJamani, Porsche. Emva konyaka, ayibhala elinye iqela yaseJamani wathatha indawo yeshumi ehlonelwayo kugqatso "Iiyure 24 Le Mans." Olu khuphiswano, rhoqo ukususela 1923 kufuphi nesixeko French ka Le Mans, ukuhlola iqela wawungapheleli kakhulu kwi isantya kodwa ukunyamezela kunye nokusebenza.

Abathathi-nxaxheba ukhuphiswano kuyimfuneko ukuba bafune indawo ephakathi phakathi isantya kwaye nokuthembeka imoto, ebezifanele ukuba uyibambe ngaphandle iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine endleleni ngaphandle breakdowns zobugcisa kunye nomonakalo, kwakunye nemfuneko ukuba eyiyo yokusetyenziswa izinto eziphelayo: amafutha, detox waqhekeza kunye amavili.

Oluninzi kolu khuphiswano ixhomekeke namandla kunye nobuchule le selinge imoto racing, njengoko kwakufuneka achithe emva ivili le-avareji iiyure ezine ngexesha, elinde ukutshintsha komlingane kwindawo yokumisa elandelayo emhadini.

Amava obufunyenwe Jim kugqatso "Iiyure 24 Le Mans", uye waba negalelo elikhulu kwezisaleleyo umsebenzi wakhe iqala avtosportsmena.

intlanganiso ebaluleke

Emva kokuthabatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano ngemihla iimoto Le Mans ezemidlalo aye abe yinxalenye enkulu ubomi umqhubi oselula.

Iyazigatya ingqalelo ngempumelelo avtokonstruktor waseBritani Colin Chapman, ngubani useke inkampani yakhe ekuveliseni imidyarho kunye nezemidlalo neemoto.

Car "Lotus" - oku fyabo ezintsha Chapman, yasetyenzwa ngokutsha ihlenga kwezinye eyaziwa ingakumbi brandy "Formula 1".

Ngowe-1958 Colin waqalisa iqela lakhe ukhuphiswano ukuze bathathe inxaxheba kolu gqatso edume - Team Lotus.

Ukubukela ekhwele Jimmy Chapman I gqitha ubuchule kunye nesibindi le abakhweli abatsha abo basandula kuqalisa waza wacela indawo kwiqela lakhe.

Kuba Clarke, yaba lithuba gqitha ukwahlukana ngaphandle chain encinane kweziganeko engephi kwaye bavakalise ubuchule bakhe ehlabathini.

Ukususela ngo-1960, uYakobi uhlala phezu imoto, "Lotus" kwaye iqalisa ukuba nenxaxheba "Formula 2", kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva - kwaye kwi "Formula 1".

Dzhim Klark: "Formula 1", ekuqaleni

Kulo nyaka, uJimmy uthatha indawo yesithathu kumjikelo wesibhozo zehlabathi ubuntshatsheli nemidyarho apha eklasini "Formula 1". Ukhuphiswano yabanjwa ngoAgasti 14 sisikhumbuzo kwi kwingoma, wayibeka phezu ezitratweni zomzi Porto (Boavista).

Eli xesha yabalasela ziintlekele ezininzi kumgca ngomatshini. Chris ട്രാന്സ്ഫര് uDluliselo eyaphukileyo umzimba wakhe uhlala ixesha abanye belele phezu komcu racing. Bothukile, uJim ikwazile yokucima kule ndawo embi, kodwa zidyojwe ligazi emotweni yakhe.

Emva ixhaphayo ezimbalwa, kwakukho omnye ukufa kabuhlungu - wabulala iqela liGosa Clark kaThixo - Alan Steysi wafa ngenxa yokuba intaka sigadla kuyo.

Phezu kwako kuhlukunyezwa oxhaphakileyo endleleni, uJimmy wazama konke okusemandleni am ukuze aphumelele, kwaye alubanga nakulambatha; jikelele Dzhim Klark wathabatha indawo yeshumi.

Malunga neli xesha umqhubi wavuka igolide elugqatsweni ulutsha kunye nobhedu kukhuphiswano "Iiyure 24 Le Mans." Noko ke, ukhuphiswano ngemihla kuyimfuneko ukuba sithanda kwindodana leyo, yaye ingasakwazi kule minyaka izayo ukuthatha inxaxheba kuyo.

ukwandiswa

Ixesha elizayo, "Formula 1" Dzhim Klark wafumana imvume ukuthetha kuzo zonke kukhuphiswano Grand Prix. Lobuntshatsheli yabanjwa ukususela ngoMeyi de elinesine Oktobha 8 yaye yayiquka izigaba ezisibhozo. pilot Scottish beza kabini eqongeni, yaye ekumeni jikelele kwindawo yesixhenxe.

Eqongeni yesixhenxe kolu khuphiswano, ngolweshumi kaSeptemba, xa wayethetha kwi-Italian Grand Prix, ngesantya breakneck Clarke nemoto imoto yomqhubi racing odumileyo Wolfgang von Uhambo. Machine multiple World Champion ayithunyelwa esibhakabhakeni wawa kubaphulaphuli. Von Uhambo eyayiwe ngaphandle ndlwana, wafela kuloo ndawo. imoto yakhe iye yabulala abantu ezilishumi.

Le ngozi eyoyikekayo ibe abayibonayo soze Jim Clark. Xa nematha, wemka ugqatso, kodwa emva kweentsuku nje ezimbalwa ukulungele bakhuphisane ukuze ubunkokheli kwi US Grand Prix.

isuka

Xa lobuntshatsheli ka-1962 Dzhim Klark wafudukela wayila omtsha nomhlobo wakhe, Colin Chapman. "Lotus 25" into kuseyinto enye racing iimoto kakuhle kwimbali. E yayo eziphuculweyo "Lotus" UJimmy wachitha ixesha waza walungiselela ukuba ube yinkokeli, kodwa iingxaki zobuchwepheshe kumthwalo. Ngexesha yesithoba nesokugqibela isigaba yolu khuphiswano, ebibanjelwe eMzantsi Afrika, Dzhim Klark wehla phezu ezinawo ngenxa ukuvuza oyile.

Nangona uYakobi akazange ukuwina kule xesha, imidlalo layo imibane eqaqambileyo waba ihlabathi ukuba - umkhweli fastest kwaye kakhulu abanamava. "Formula 1" sele ufumene inkwenkwezi ekhazimlayo entsha. Kwaye oku kungqinwe ngexesha zilandelayo, apho Dzhim Klark ufikelele-ekupheleni phezulu enye kwindawo yokuqala kunye isihloko ntshatsheli. Yaba luloyiso peremptory okuqaqambileyo: Graham Hill waphumelela isilivere emva winner amanqaku ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe!

Kulo nyaka a yayizihambela ngempumelelo ithatha indawo yesibini elugqatsweni, "500 eekhilomitha Indianapolis" (uhlanga, "Indy 500").

Bonke babekhangele phambili lonyaka olandelayo iintlanga zehlabathi. Kwakufuneka enze Dzhim Klark - OWAYEBEKA emangalisayo kunye enkulu. "Formula 1" ekhangela phambili uloyiso elitsha intshatsheli zakhe ezikrelekrele.

Iseason 1964 ephambili yayizihambela ngokuzithemba waya uloyiso, ngokuphumelela Grand Prix abathathu, kodwa wachaza iindibano rhoqo ngenxa yezizathu ezithile. Oku kubangelwe utshintsho kwi imoto enokuthenjwa kangako yaye ixesha elide - "Lotus 33".

Nangona kukho ezi ngxaki (umzekelo, eqongeni wesihlanu elugqatsweni, e-UK, uJim yakwazi ukuphumelela ugqatso enamavili amathathu), Clark wathabatha indawo yesithathu. Uloyiso waya mmeli United Kingdom - John Surtees.

hlula yesibini

Januwari-Februwari 1965, uJimmy echithwe lobuntshatsheli ebusika, apho wathabatha kwindawo yokuqala, ngokuphumelela ezintlanu.

Ngaphezu koko, kulo nyaka, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwakhe "Formula 1", wathola isihloko league ngo-1963, ebonisa umdlalo akrelekrele imincili: uloyiso ezintandathu Grand Prix, podiums ezintandathu, izikhundla ipali ezintandathu. Double ntshatsheli kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesithoba - kwakukho into yokuqhayisa nento ukuba nemihlali!

Kunye ne-World Championships Dzhim Klark wathabatha inxaxheba kwenye oyithandayo uhlanga - "500 eekhilomitha Indianapolis," nto leyo naye ogqiba kunye yobuhlakani nehlombe. Ngenxa yesi siganeko, uYakobi wada wagqiba ukunikela ukuthatha inxaxheba Monaco Grand Prix.

emva yanqoba

Ukususela ngo-1966, kwi "Formula 1" iinjini ilitha ezintathu-ziye zisonjululwe. Xa olu jiko thina abakakulungeli "Lotus", okanye kwabayili yayo. Ngoko ke, uJim wathabatha kuphela indawo yesithandathu kwitheyibhile ubuntshatsheli, akuba iphumelele nje Grand Prix omnye - eUnited States.

Ixesha elandelayo, Clarke wayekulungele kunanini na ngaphambili. Won loyiso ukudilika le Grand Prix of Great Britain, eNetherlands, eUnited States Mexico, waphumelela imbasa yobhedu ngenxa iindibano rhoqo apha eMzantsi Afrika, Monaco, eJamani, France kunye Canada.

Kulo nyaka, umqhubi kwakhona ukuthatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano "Indy 500", emi kwindawo yesibini.

Eqalile 1968 yaqala ngenxa yezi edume kakhulu kakuhle. Waphumelela ne ngokoyiswa yaseMzantsi Grand Prix Afrika (ukuba amabini sesihlanu-win lakhe kwilizwe elithile). Wandula ke wathabatha inxaxheba kwezinye amakhuphiswano, apho ke nayo indawo phambili lokuqala (umzekelo, ugqatso "Formula 2" e-Barcelona).

Ekubeni phambi kokuba Grand Prix elandelayo, "Formula 1" yaba Kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa, Dzhim Klark ugqiba ukuba kutyelela nezinye ukhuphiswano. Ngoko ke, lo wesixhenxe ka-Epreli, waya kwentlanga, "Formula 2" eJamani.

Dzhim Klark: ingozi

Ngaloo mini embi Hockenheimring James, njengesiqhelo, wathabatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano isantya, ngokuzithemba ubambe i impondo imoto ozithandayo kwaye phantse akukho nokuziva yimincili okanye ixhala. It ndibika imvula, imoto, ukusika udonga lwamanzi kwaye eshiya ngokutshizwa elide, ehamba ngesantya ukuya-250 km / h.

Kwisangqa yesihlanu. "Lotus" uJim yabafumana ezinye iimoto. Racer oomatshini intshukumo ukusoloko kwi igesi kunye imoto ... Emva ngandlel 'kwakhokelela ekhohlo. Clark wazama ukusonta inqanaba lamandla lo matshini, kodwa wala. Xa breakneck imoto isantya wayifaka ecaleni ukuya kwicala lasekhohlo endleleni, ngaphandle kokujongana kwizithinteli zayo endleleni nokusindisa kunye nemiqobo, labhabha kwindawo otyewe kuzo.

Ukususela ingozi enamandla kunye imoto umthi aphulwe zibe ziingceba. I-injini gearbox zivele zathi tshe iimitha asibhozo owayame eludongeni, inxalenye ngaphambili umzimba ukuba ukukhwela phezu kombekelelo wamatye, umkhweli, ngoxa-moya, bayifaka emkhenkceni.

Emva umzuzu ngxi xa i pilot efile badengeka kwafika ugqirha. Akakukhathalele Jimmy yintloko kwicala sveshennoy kwamenza isikhuzo lithemba: "Nguye usaphila!".

Ewe, a OWAYEBEKA omkhulu wayesaphila, kodwa yena wafela ukufika esibhedlele ngenxa ezinjengokwaphuka entanyeni eyoyikekayo kunye nokwenzakala entloko obulalayo.

Ukuqala kwakhe ukulawula wayeneminyaka emashumi mathathu anambini ...

Ezibangela ukufa

Ekuqaleni, kwabhengezwa ukuba Dzhim Klark ukuyilawula. Kwakukho amarhe ukuba liphuma ivili isibuko - punctured okanye elithotyiweyo. Kodwa akazange achaze izizathu ntlekele embi. Inyaniso kukuba ukuba isiphoso lobuchule, i umkhweli onamava ngokulula nako ubambe ngaphandle kobunzima obukhoyo ngoku nathi ukumisa imoto olweyeliselayo. Yaye ekubeni ayizange yenzeke, oko kuyimfuneko ukukhangela ezinye zathu, "Formula 1" inkwenkwezi ukufa.

Kamva, emva kweminyaka engamashumi elide, kwafunyaniswa ukuba unobangela wokufa Clark waba ukungasebenzi esinzulu emotweni. Kungenzeka, waphula ukunqunyanyiswa ngasemva, ngenxa yoko le moto uyekile ukuba iimoto abathobelayo yaye ulawulwe ezandleni lobuchwepheshe eyiyo.

zenzeka

Ngomhla kokufa uJimmy abatoli abaninzi abahlobo bakhe evenkileni, kwaye nkqu ziintshaba, singasathethi ke abalandeli ngehlombe kunye abayithandayo. Wonke umntu wacinga ukuba Scot rider unesiphiwo kakhulu nako ukufumana isihloko ngaphezu kwesinye. Sicinga ngaloo nto nje, umhlobo olungileyo unyanisekile yaye ethobekile umntu ngentlonelo.

Ke kaloku, bekukho kuloo ndawo apho Dzhim Klark wabulawa, umnqamlezo iseti lenkumbulo.