Amphioxus - kukuba silwanyana? Amphioxus: inkcazelo, isakhiwo, iimpawu kunye neempawu

Amphioxus - isilwanyana enxulumene uhlobo Chordates (group bescherepnyh). Sinikezela ukuba uqhelane kunye naye. Siqwalasela isakhiwo, iimpawu kunye neempawu ze Amphioxus. Olu hlobo ifumaneka elwandle ye imimandla ephakathi yaye emvula. Ngokukodwa, Amphioxus ubomi kunye kuLwandle Black.

komzimba

Amphioxus okweqanda komzimba, tapering ukuya nomsila. Ubude uvela cm-4 ukuya kwi-8. Le umzimba legqunyiwe ngomaleko omnye epithelium kunye Ulobuza secreted yi iiseli epithelial. Ngaphantsi epithelium lo maleko ubhityileyo kwizicwili - corium. Icala amaphiko lo buti kunye lomsila mbini ngesikhumba esibayeni. Umzimba atshabalalisa emacaleni; ecaleni ventral elula ngezibini metaplevralnye nezibaya eku xhulumaneni undernail yinxalenye esibayeni fin. Esi sakhiwo ibhexesha nokuzinziswa indawo umzimba emanzini kwaye kwandisa indawo ukunxibelelana ngayo, nto leyo ebalulekileyo xa uhambisa ngokusebenzisa ilenze umzimba.

inkqubo Musculoskeletal

Isiseko yesakhelo reference na Isingqi, ibekwe ecaleni umzimba ukusuka entloko ukuya ekupheleni mmandla caudal. Le Isingqi, eye lancelet - lokhu zifakwe kwisingxobo nokuqina, oqhubekekisa ifomu ukuxhasa izinto kubutha fin ukuba imihlathi ifomu chondroid. Kwakhona lingena phakathi iinxalenye ngamanye musculature (Myomere) eyakha miosepty eyahlula kubo. Myomere bahlukana mioseptami, nawayenxuse Isingqi macala omabini.

muscularity

izihlunu Striated. Yahlula Myomere babe imilo etsobhileyo, ngokungathi kubuyiswe zibe omnye komnye, ilungiselelo zabo azilingani: malunga phakathi ngamnye kubo kwicala elifanelekileyo miosepta ekhohlo vice versa. Ukuncitshiswa okuqhubekayo ingxenye kwezihlunu na icala amagophe zomzimba, amaza ukusuka entloko ukuya ngumsila. ubhalo Natural of imisipha kulawulwa yinkqubo luvo.

Amphioxus Isingqi ye nesiphelo somphambili kunabela ngaphezu uvaleke, yiyo igama kwiklasi olunye uhlobo olunganeno - Golovohordovye. Le nto ndiyibhalayo inani elikhulu zihlunu ezinqamlezayo lezitya ejikelezwe yi inyama, lisesingxobeni nokuqina. Iipleyiti eyodwa yahlukanisiwe nemingxuma, kodwa wadibana kunye ezikufutshane nge outgrowths elifutshane.

kwegazi

Kukholelwa ukuba inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi lesilwanyana ivaliwe. Eneneni, akukho gazi izikhewu, kodwa akukho emithanjeni zokwenene (thinnest neempahla ezibiyelweyo monolayer) legazi imithambo encinane ngena isithuba intercellular (ayangqinelana abanemfundo emithanjeni), kwaye yiyo loo nto eqokelelwa ngemithambo ezincinane.

uhlelo zokuzala

Olungisa inkqubo Amphioxus limelwe uthotho gonads bafundelane ngezibini (gonadal). Bona emi ezindongeni kwisisu atrial. Bescherepnyh (lancelet kuquka) dioecious. Le gonads of inkunzi nemazi yokuzenzisa efanayo, ezahlukeneyo kuphela gametes ubukhulu (kweqanda ezinkulu). iiseli abaqolileyo lokuzala ngokusebenzisa abana gonads eludongeni zeyele kwisisu atrial, apho amanzi alahlwayo ngaphandle nge atriopor. Development kwenzeka kupapasho zolwelo kwaye ungachazwa ukuba kukho mibungu isigaba.

Ubume imibungu

Ubume ezidla ngendlela yinqobo kunene; kwi zigaba kwakusasa luphawulwa lungiselelo azilingani emlonyeni (ekhohlo), kunye slits kumculo (kwicala ekunene), inani apho lincinane ekuqaleni. Kuphela emva omnye uluhlu slits kumculo ihambisa emzimbeni, uze emva koko uye kwicala lasekhohlo, kwaye umlomo ehlela ngezantsi. Inani amathuba kumculo kunyuke nge kwiindawo zokubeka Breakout ezongezelelweyo nokwakha izahlulelo longitudinal xa zikhona. Impethu ngenkuthalo ihamba ngoncedo isiliya ukuyigubungela umzimba, yaye kamva ukugoba zisecaleni umzimba, ngathi iifom abadala. Yena badla yokondla esebenzayo izilwanyana ezincinane planktonic. ifanele Perioral kunye nemisipha luqokelelane kuphela ekupheleni uphuhliso mibungu, yile mibala, ngathi umzimba omdala-up, akulula xa uqeqeshelwa ukuba ubomi emazantsi.

komgodi atrial

Amphioxus - isilwanyana ukuba kwisisu atrial. Xa kuvulwa umngxuma wakhe kumculo slits metanefriliev. Apha kuza amaqanda ezivuthiweyo kunye amadlozi. Konke oku kubonisa ukuba uqhagamshelwano umngxuma atrial kunye nokusingqongileyo lwangaphandle. Anatomically, le budlelwane imelwe umngxuma, leyo kuthiwa atrioporom kunye nokuvula ngaphandle kwicala ventral inxalenye ngasemva omzimba phambi ngezantsi. Bha link atriralnoy Faka kokusingqongileyo wabonakalaliswa yobume nokubunjwa kwayo.

umzimba impethu Amphioxus ezindongeni ecaleni Ekungeneni kumculo akhiwa longitudinal nezibaya zemihlambi metaplevralnye. Kancane ukwandisa kwicala osecaleni kwaye kwehlisa, uze emva koko ezinyibilikiswe kunye. Isithuba phakathi kweentlanti kwaye imele kwisisu atrial. Ngamanye amazwi, le kwisisu atrial, eye lancelet - yinxalenye bume lwangaphandle wayithimba metaplevralnymi nezibaya zemihlambi. Iquka inxalenye emqaleni emathunjini, inxalenye enkulu phezu gonads, wangapandle isithuba olubanzi kakhulu kancinane lonke, nto leyo igcinwa kuphela ngokohlobo ngeembadada nemingxuma ezigudle ophezulu pharynx, kwakunye endostyle metaplevralnyh nezibaya zemihlambi.

Ukubaluleka yezinto eziphilayo kwisisu atrial ngenxa yobume yomfanekiso Amphioxus ubomi. Xa egqiba kwi ephuma nesiseko sayo slits kumculo nzima, amasuntswana zomhlaba akanakungena mingxuma kumculo kwaye ucingo kubo. Formation of the kwisisu atrial, ogama iindonga kumculo imingxunyana ezahlulwe adibane nabanye emhlabeni, isusa loo nto. Amanzi, kunye amandla evela atriopora, iparafini umhlaba kule ndawo, ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumla okhululekileyo kukhuthaza iimveliso metabolic. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, e Amphioxus Imibungu, ehamba ipelagic, kwisisu atrial apho. Akukho nto, yaye iintlobo ezininzi Amphioxididae usapho ezinqkqenkqeza ipelagic omdala.

Ezi mpawu ziphambili Amphioxus - enye abameli chordates.