Chateau de Chenonceau. France Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo: ezinde ephakathi

iinqaba yamandulo Kwakubonakala ukuthutha iindwendwe emva kweenkulungwane eziliqela. bafuna nje ukuba zazise ngokwam marquise ezintle okanye viscount akhaliphileyo, nditsho ukulungele ukuya kulwa kule tumente ngenxa ngamehlo kanye nentliziyo ziintombi knight onesibindi uncuma ... Igama elithi "Chateau" ngolwimi French iye iintsingiselo ezininzi. Le nqaba rhabaxa feudal ethile kwi engxondorheni kunye nendlu Manor elithandekayo engqongwe igadi kunye nentaphane izandiso ebhotwe bamakhazikhazi kunye nemithombo, amachibi kunye neepaki. Ngoko Inqaba de Quéribus kwi zasePyrenees, i Trianon e Versailles kunye Rambouillet, kufuphi eParis - ukuba wonke "Chateau." Nganye kwezi zinto ifezekise umsebenzi wayo, kwaye ngoku bonke bephela - ezinomtsalane ezizodwa France. Xa abaninzi kubo ngoku asebenza imyuziyam. Kwaye abanye kunjalo zisetyenziselwa namatheko lwabantu zokuqala kwamanye amazwe. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha iinqaba umdla Chenonceau (France). Ngomnye ezithathu Loire Valley, leyo inyanzelekile kubakhenkethi.

indawo

Iinqaba eFransi - ngaphezu ngokwaneleyo. kummandla ngamnye awohluke walo xa kusakhiwa ezingxandeni ukuzithethelela kunye esasinamabhotwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaphondo amabini apho lexinene i "Chateau" square kilometre nganye iyaqengqeleka nje. Lo Ile-de-France kunye eParis kunye namadlelo ayo kwaye i-Loire Valley. Lo mmandla yokugqibela idume yeewayini kunye netshizi yebhokhwe. Kodwa ngaphezu koko - ezinde yayo. Yiloo nto UNESCO kuye kwaquka i Loire Valley - ukusuka Sally ukuya Chalons - zoLuhlu layo Heritage World. Iihambo e France ngoyaba le mmandla. Uninzi Chateau wengingqi lilungu le Renaissance. Yinto ingxubevange ecocekileyo yokuhlala ipoma kunye inqaba soyiswe. Izakhiwo kwahluka ubungangamsha, ubuhle, kodwa siphahlwe umsele, kunye neendonga maxa wambi nesithokothoko. Apha wahlala ke izinhanha kunye nookumkani, ngoko ke iziyolo (nokoyika kakuhle awusekileyo ukhuseleko lwabo) kakhulu ngokucacileyo.

Historical Monuments of France kunye Loire Valley

Kweli lizwe, kukho malunga nekhulu amathathu ezinde, ephawulekayo. Nokuba ezinye zazo amabhodlo imbali yawo engenakulibaleka kubenza umdla kakhulu. Eyona ezaziwa yi Chateau de Cheverny. Waziwa kuthi ukususela ebuntwaneni - enyanisweni yaba kwase kuba Disney ikhathuni amakhosazana yokuhlala. EYurophu, ezinde Loire Valley zakhiwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ngoko Breze, elakhiwa ngenkulungwane elinanye njengenqaba, waba khosi kwinqaba iShushan yokuhlala lizwe, nebhotwe, yaye ekugqibeleni, kwi elinethoba ekuzingeleni ngenkulungwane Lodge. Le program olusisinyanzelo ezikhuthazwayo zakhe ezinde ye-Loire kuquka utyelelo Shamborna. Kukholelwa ukuba icebo lakhe bokwakha owadalwa uLeonardo da Vinci: Renaissance titanium xesha kwinkonzo weNkosi uFrancis ndingowokuqala wahlala Amboise ekufutshane. Kodwa kwakusazeka ukuba mculi ezigqityiweyo apha yakhe edumileyo "Mona Lisa."

Exposure Chenonceau nqaba

Thina banomdla Chateau yi ukuqokelelwa adumileyo amalaphu zamaxesha, iikhaphethi nefanitshala ngezinto zakudala. Ulikhaya umfazi kunye nomama wookumkani eFransi, kwakunye yinkosikazi uncrowned. "Fair Ladies Castle" ngoko ke udla ngokubizwa ngokuba Chenonceau. Diana Puate, Luiza Dyupen kunye n Medichi ephothiweyo ezindaweni zawo ezindongeni kwale ezinkulu izakhiwo. iinqaba Uninzi (kubandakanywa abo abakwiindawo Loire Valley) le-French iimyuziyam. Musa ukulibala ukuba Louvre odumileyo yakhiwa kungekhona yobuciko, kodwa kuqala njengenqaba feudal. Ukuze uqinisekise oku, hamba uhle ngokwaneleyo kwigumbi elingaphantsi kweendawo somyuziyam. Ebubanzini iindonga zendlu ephakathi Louvre umxhelo. Emva koko yaba yokuhlala wokumkani, wemka brilliant Versailles. I Chenonceau kwakhona imyuziyam - hayi kuphela amalaphu, kodwa amanani ngumthwebeba. Kwaye apha kukho igalari encinane zobugcisa.

Chenonceau kunye nabamelwane yayo

Chateau Chenonceau ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu asixhenxe. Kodwa ke, nakuba iminyaka ngentlonelo enjalo, yena akazange ngokwenene isakhiwo ukuzithethelela. On Normans zasendle, bedeviling la mazwe Ekuveleni zeminyaka, Andiwulibele ku 1243. Village, kanye ifihla phezu kwenduli waqalisa sehla ukuya iindlela. Ngoko ke, Chenonceau, edume ngokuba "Manene 'tshixa' ithatha ilungelo indawo elula phezu komlambo Cher, isebe i-Loire. Ukuba unomdla kwixesha ekuqaleni kumaxesha, naye ke mamkele ukuya ezikufuphi Chateau de Langeais - emidala kule ndawo. iinqaba yamandulo emhlabeni apha - musa ingaqhelekanga. Le Amboise, nto leyo Umzekelo ophilayo Renaissance lwezakhiwo, kodwa, nakuba kunjalo, waqala ukuba yakhiwe kwangethuba kangangoko kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinanye. Chinon No yamandulo ngaphantsi - enye iinqaba yasebukhosini kwinkulungwane yeshumi. Kodwa Chateau eqhelekileyo kwi-Loire Valley - oku brilliant "palazzo" kwi indlela i-Italian Renaissance. Ezi Blois (kule lock wafa n Medichi) Villandry, Chambord, Aza-le-Rideau.

Imbali nqaba feudal

Sisihlandlo sokuqala nqaba bobabo 1243. Ke kwilali yentsapho Chenonceau eziphantsi De Mark. Ngomhla kummandla ongaphandle yokuhlala wakha inqaba encinane. Ngokutsho izinqumo bobugcisa ixesha, yaye singqongwe iindonga kunye nongqameko kunye nomjelo, apho Sher amanzi athunyelwa. Ngu Chateau adjoined lokusila. Ukuze ufumane ngaphakathi elivulekayo nqaba kwafuneka badlule kuyimfuneko. Ngexesha Iminyaka Elikhulu War, umnini-Chateau, uJean de Marc, wenza impazamo engamkelekanga; wavumela amaNgesi ukusingatha ikampu. Ngexesha Fronde Charles VI wayalela ukuba achithe iinqaba ndiwatshabalalise nenqaba feudal. Zisiwa ubabalo (kwaye abanamava ukuba iingxaki zemali), owazalwa De Mark Chenonceau nqaba wathengisa lendlu Finance eNormandy Thomas boye. Le ndoda fan le Renaissance. Ngoko wamangalela ukuba akazange ukuphatha ukutshabalalisa ukumkani isiFrentshi, waza wavula ngo 1512 kwisakhiwo grand. Kuye kwagqitywa ngo-1521. Kuwusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo sibini yakhe yokuhlala Boyer akazange abe nexesha: Thomas wafa ngo-1524-m, kunye nomfazi wakhe Catherine - ngo-1526.

Imbali nqaba yasebukhosini

Lowo weza ilifa, unyana ka-boye, Antoine. Kodwa Korol Frantsisk mna, phantsi, eqamba yokohlwaya ngenxa yezitenxo zemali, yathathwa Chateau. Le Ukuhluthwa kwenzeka ngo-1533. Ngoko Chenonceau Castle waba yokuhlala ilizwe lokumkani. UFrancis I lehla apha nangenxa kuzingela. Kodwa kwakhona woziswa Chateau neqembu yakhe: umfazi Eleanor zaseHapsburg, nyana ka-Henry, ntombi Ekaterinu Medichi. Sityelele apha kunye nenkosikazi - neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya d'Etampes Anne de Pislo - oyintanda Francis Diane de Saint-Vallier de Poitiers, namashweshwe unyana wakhe Henry. I-Chateau yabamba soirees zoncwadi, iibhola kunye nemibhiyozo.

Kutheni Chenonceau ebizwa ngokuba "Manene 'nqaba

Xa itrone ngo-1547 waya Henry, uDiane de Poitiers wambongoza yena yindawo entle. Kwaye ke uPhilip, nangona umthetho owalela okulahla izinto yobukumkani, wanika enqabeni yakhe ayithandayo Chenonceau. Diana waqala ukuba ngokutsha. Uyalele langutela ngeenxa epakini Chateau kunye umyezo, kwakunye ukwakha ibhulorho ilitye phezu Cher. Emva kokufa senkosikazi uHenry kaThixo umgxothwa umfazi wakhe osemthethweni, Ekaterinoy Medichi. Sia I esebenzayo lady kwaye wenze okuninzi malunga enqabeni yomkhosi; awaluphelisa umyezo yesibini zahlaziywa kwilifa, uphumile ukusuka wezakhiwo Italian Primaticcio. Ngowe-1580 ngqo kwi ibhulorho ilitye kwakhiwa isakhiwo esinemigangatho emibini. UCatherine ukudlulisela estate intombi yakhe uLouise de Vaudemont. Kodwa umnini entsha Chateau ngumhlolokazi emva konyaka. Waye wayambethe isijwili (kwiikumkani, ukuba amhlophe) kwaye bonke ubomi bakhe ukuba ashiye enqabeni yomkhosi. Wamphatha lokulala kunye nempahla. Le lali ngentlonelo ngokuba "ibhinqa white 'yakhe.

olukhulu Further Chenonceau

Iinqaba yaseYurophu wayedla zaguqulwa evela inqaba ngoyaba kwi komkhulu, ngoko entolongweni, yaye emva koko kwi amafa kunye neemyuziyam. Le okufanayo nakuwo kunye Chenonceau. "White Lady" wanika Chateau de Françoise Merkor, umfazi iNkosana Vendôme. Emva koko ke estate ngcembe yokwehla. Elinye iphiko nqaba yanikwa Franciscan eMonastri (bakha elivulekayo entsha). Ngowe-1733 bathenga bhanki mhlaba Klod Dyupen. Umfazi wakhe sele iguqulelwe Chenonceau ukuya salon, apho yena wahlukile abantu kwexesha. Ngenxa izimvo zalo lwentando yesininzi, enqabeni zange balimala ngexesha ka1789 Revolution. umnini New waba Mam Peluso, Chenonceau ungasanqweneli kuzibuyisela kwi inkangeleko yaso yesiqhelo. Ngowe-1888 le nqaba safunyanwa usapho Meunier. zalo nangoku abanini Chenonceau.

Yintoni ukubona enqabeni

Kakade ke, kuqala kwiinto zonke, yena Chateau. Kukho igcinwe ngaphakathi yokuqala, "Queens amahlanu" igumbi. kumnikazi ngamnye, emva kokuba isibini, boye, kuzisa into eyahlukileyo kwelinye ukuze kuyilo nqaba. Kuyimfuneko ukuba atyelele gadi-Artemis kunye Catherine kunye flowerbeds kunye maze ezihonjiswe eqingqiweyo kunye nemithombo. Iphiko on the bridge iholo ngaphambili. Kwaye kwigumbi elingaphantsi kukho nekhitshi elikhulu neqela ezichu- xesha. Musa ukulibala ukuba enqabeni kwaku iimyuziyam umdla of France: amalaphu kumaxesha, ifenitshala, iikhaphethi, kunye namanani ngumthwebeba. Kukho kwakhona ingqokelela ngemizobo.