Central London: Inkcazo kunye iifoto. Tower of London. Big Ben. Eyona engundoqo ezinomtsalane London

Umbuzo oko yinxalenye London ithathwa iziko layo ngokokuhlala, ochaphazelekayo kuphela abo bamthandayo ukuphonononga iplanethi lwenkobe phezu amakhadi. Abakhenkethi abaninzi, ukuya ikomkhulu UK, sasinda kukhokelwa kulo mzi. Ngethamsanqa, uninzi izinto ezininzi umdla Kulula ukufumana. Uyakwazi ncwadi ekhokelwa ezithathwa eLondon.

Buckingham Palace

Kukhona neze umntu owayeza kuba zange weva Her Queen Elizabeth yobuKhulu kwesibini. Ngoko ke, yona yokuhlala esemthethweni - Buckingham iRoyal Palace - ise kwizitalato kwelifu Mall kunye Green Park. Xa endiza phezu umgangatho isakhiwo, oko kuthetha ukuba umlawuli na imali yakhe ayithandayo.

IRoyal Palace iye yazuza isimo sayo kwi ukulawula ukuya etroneni ukhokho ka Elizabeth II - Victoria - ngo-1837. Namhlanje, nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo kumkani yokuqala ndadibana umntu osondela kumbiyo yokuhlala lokuhlola yokuhlala kwesithethe ka Windsor ubukhosi.

Buckingham Palace iqulathe amagumbi 775. 52 yabo - ukuba amagumbi losapho lobukumkani kunye nondwendwe. Kukho kwakhona isithuba ingqesho yoluntu malunga 20. Kwi-s 92 kubo elise-ofisi, kwaye 188 zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zobugcisa kunye nabasebenzi lokuzonwabisa. Ukongeza, le senkosi iye zokuhlambela 72 kunye nezindlu zangasese. Le ndawo iyonke bhotwe kwiihektare-20 no-17 iihektare yeyona inkulu e-London, umyezo labucala kunye ichibi lokwenziwa.

Lo msitho eziguquguqukayo yabalindi

Oonogada iiyunifom eqaqambileyo ebomvu kunye neminqwazi ezinoboya abade ziindawo efanayo amabhotwe neetempile ukuba banxibe iziko of London.

Ukutshintsha lo msitho unogada ibanjelwe e Buckingham Palace yonke imihla 11:30 ehlotyeni kwaye yonke eminye imihla - ngamanye amaxesha. Ubude mkhosi yimizuzu engama-45. Ngamanye amaxesha ekundleni lomkhosi kokutshintshwa msitho yabalindi irhoxisiwe ngenxa yemozulu embi.

Isithethe lisukela emva ku-1660. E Buckingham Palace, kwaye kwaqalisa ukuba wenziwe ngo-1837, xa koroleva Viktoriya bafudukela apho.

isenzo ezimibala siphelekwa kwizandi okhestra. Inxalenye kuqhutywa oku kuvezwa lwenzeka ngaphandle ucingo Buckingham Palace, kwaye abanye kulenkonzo, abakhenkethi kunye Londoners baye bajongwe nge kocingo lwakhe.

Tower (Tower of London)

Le nqaba yenye ezinika ephambili eyinkunzi yaseBritani. Kukholelwa ukuba ngeenxa simisa London namhlanje. Iziko sixeko ngaphandle akunakwenzeka ukuba ngqondweni. Castle ohlala 1170 square metres. kunye m is a isikwere. Ukususela Tower ngaphandle (Tower of London) singqongwe amakhonkco amabini iindonga kunye nenani elikhulu kweenqaba ezinde. Ngomhla yasekhaya Uyalwa umgca inqaba 13 ezinde. Njengokuba engaphandle khonkcweni, oko kukuthi ixesha elide ngakumbi kuneyokuqala. Ukuze awukhusele emanzini ngexesha elinye kwakhiwa iinqaba 6 ibekwe ecaleni lomlambo iThames, ngombono omangalisayo elihle Bridge Tower kumbindi London.

Kwikona kumzantsi-ntshona isithuba, nto leyo ifumaneka phakathi imimandla emibini beendonga, kukho engcotyeni kunye block, nto leyo kangangeenkulungwane aye abulawa abameli abadumileyo abaninzi yezikhulu yaseBritani, kuquka ookumkanikazi ezintathu - nabafazi uHenry VIII. intloko yokugqibela kwi emadlelweni Tower eyayibanjwe ngo-1747.

Namhlanje, enqabeni kumbindi London livulekile kubakhenkethi. eyalelwa ukuba aqhelane avuleke kuboniswa kwiMyuziyam Tower kunye izikrweqe. Phakathi kwabo, umdla ezithile ubuncwane British Crown.

Kwizizathu enqabeni yaye itempile endala yobuKristu kwengqukuva British - ecaweni of St Peter, eseyiphantse 1000 kwiminyaka.

Tower Bridge enkabeni London

Nangona esi sakhiwo abaninzi cinga kumaXesha Aphakathi, yayakhiwe kuphela ngo-1894. Tower Bridge, Uyabahombisa embindini London, kukho ibhulorho ujingi ezinde ezimbini zibekwe phezu isekela aphakathi. Ubude lilonke ukwakhiwa laliziimitha 244 ukuphakama kwayo -. 65 m ngeenyawo yokuhamba ibhulorho ukususela ngowe-1982, zisetyenziswa imyuziyam.

ULawulo Tower Bridge nako kuthwalelwa phandle umntu omdala kule mini; has a umthetheli kunye neqela oomatiloshe zomkhosi. Bayikhanda off ibhotile kwaye avunyelwe ukuba eme ngeenyawo nilinde.

Ekuqaleni, lo ibhulorho umtshato yonke imihla, kodwa xa eli isiko kwenzeka kuphela izihlandlo ezimbalwa ngeveki kwaye kuyo ziza ukubukela izihlwele.

Palace of Westminster

Ethetha ezinomtsalane eziphambili eLondon, asinakukwazi ngoyaba le sakhiwo esikhulu indlela neo-, isiGothic, yayakhiwe phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-19, apho namhlanje ohleli iPalamente IsiNgesi. Ebhotwe iye ezinde ezintathu. Enyangweni kubo ayafika ukuphakama kuyimitha 98,5. Igama layo emva kokuba British Queen Victoria. Ngelo xesha lolwakhiwo inqaba kubhekwe liphezulu ehlabathini phakathi izibonelelo injongo yehlabathi.

Emnyangweni emazantsi ukuyakha oyiNkosi emele ukuphakama arch-15 m, engqongwe eqingqiweyo. Maka-iron pyramidal kophahla lwesakhiwo ebekwa yi-22-eemitha yeflegi. Le nqaba ende Victoria igcine noovimba epalamente ukuba ngaphezu kwe-500 kule minyaka yakutsha nje. Asezikhundleni migangatho 12 kwaye ziqulathe phantse zizigidi ezi-3 amaxwebhu ebalulekileyo yesizwe.

Kwinxalenye esemantla bhotwe enqabeni Elizabeth. Yena eyaziwa ngokuba Big Ben (iinkcukacha kubona. Ngezantsi).

Enye umdla isakhiwo ephakathi inqaba ende yamaziko ebhotwe. Kuyinto libe kwaye ukuphakama 91 m. Inqaba uphakathi izakhiwo ebhotwe neenqaba phezu iholo engundoqo. Ekuqaleni, isakhiwo sayilwa njenge itshimini maziko 400 ibekwe kumagumbi ahlukeneyo komkhulu. Noko ke, kwathi labazobi wenza impazamo izibalo, kwaye namhlanje ukwakhiwa ezisebenza umsebenzi zokuhombisa.

Embindini olungaphambili elisentshona Palace of Westminster yi iSt Stephens Tower. Enye izakhiwo ezinjalo ezimbini zisendaweni iziphelo olungaphambili, nto leyo ifumaneka yi iThames. Le nqaba uSomlomo kunye Chancellor.

Big Ben

Xa oluchazwa izinto eziphambili kunye ezaziwa kakhulu of London, uluhlu kubavulela kwinqaba UK eyona idumileyo.

Kuye kwakhiwa njengenxalenye entsha Royal Palace, eyakhiwa emva umlilo ngo-1834, yaye isakhiwo esikhulu indlela iniyo-zwe. Umbhali yeprojekthi ukwakhiwa Augustus Padzhin. Ukuphakama kwinqaba Big Ben kunye spire kweemitha 96,3. Isisekelo sayo imitha 15 tshu isiseko eziphathekayo iimitha ezi-3.

Kwinxalenye engentla kwenqaba kwi ukuphakama kuyimitha 55 ezine iwotshi olukhawulezileyo sangqa 7 m yeglasi sitshaye. Ngelo xesha busuku zikhanyiswe evela ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu iwashi ise ithawa ngeentsimbi-5. Eyona projekthi inkulu kwezi kuthiwa Big Ben. Ngokutsho legend enye, ngoko ke christened imbeko intloko ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo Nkosi Benjamin Hall.

Nangona Big Ben ngomnye neendawo ezaziwa kakhulu ehlabathini, ukufikelela kuyo ivaliwe kubakhenkethi. Oku kwenziwa ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko. Ukongeza, kwinqaba akukho iilifti, ngoko ke bambalwa ovunyelweyo kunyuka ukuya clockwork, kufuneka ukoyisa 334 yi hayi kwinqanaba kakhulu bekhululekile.

Trafalgar S. Skweyiya

Ephendula umbuzo malunga yintoni na indawo ekumbindi London, nawuphi na umntu lowo wake kwikomkhulu yaseBritani, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ukubiza Trafalgar.

Le ndawo edumileyo ukwakweli kwikona iNethwekhi kunye Strand Mall. De kwaba yinkulungwane ye-19 kummandla yathiywa emva kokuba uWilliam yesine, baza igama layo ngoku ngo-1805 emva kokuba idabi odumileyo aselwandle anexabiso ubomi gosa best yaseBritani.

Kumbindi Trafalgar S. Skweyiya ezinde Umhlathi uNelson. It lwakhiwe lenyengane emnyama hina, isiphathele umphakamo we-44 m kwaye uhlobo useko ukuba nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo gosa odumileyo. Ikholam ke ezihonjiswe umfanekiso-ntathu ezenziwe sekhe uNapoleon ngayo.

Ezinye izakhiwo olubonakalayo ise Trafalgar Square

Ukuba Tower - iziko embalini yase London, i Trafalgar Square - geographical. Elise lokubiyela National Gallery eLondon, ibandla St. Martin kwi Fields, Admiralty Arch, kunye izakhiwo akwamanye.

Ekubeni 1840s ummandla lesikhumbuzo leyo ezihonjiswe-3 ezifakwe ezimbombeni zaso. Basimisela oqingqiweyo George yesine, kwaye iinjengele zika-Charles Napier Henry Havelock. Ngelo xesha nabo Trafalgar S. Skweyiya ukuba yakhiwe kwaye kwinqwanqwa yesine. Waba namntu de 2005 xa waye sculpture obonisa igcisa abakhubazekileyo Alison Lepper. "Umzekelo Hotel" 4 Kwiminyaka kamva kwabakho iglasi kuzo zalo ndawo. Namhlanje sibona ibhotile elikhulu plinth yesine Trafalgar Square, apho i "Victoria" ikhoyo nqanawa mbumbulu. Kwaba ababekhwele kweso Admiral wafumana ngenxeba elibulalayo apho wafa eneminyaka engama-47.

"London Eye"

Le yenye indlebe inkulu ziyaxhonywa eYurophu yayakhelwe ukususela 1998 ukuya ku-2004. Le ukwakweli kwiindonga ezisemzantsi iThames. Ababhali yeprojekthi - David Marks kunye Dzhuliya Barfild. Ubunzima iyonke ivili omkhulu nazo zonke iindlela - iitoni 1,700.

"London Eye" iye ezingontsini 32 ngokohlobo amaqanda enkulu. Ngasinye kamnandi yokuhlala ukuya abakhweli-25, nto leyo ingabonwa ukusuka kubude sisiqingatha seyure iziko embalini of London, namadlelo ayo amanye amadlelo.

Isantya isondo malunga 0.9 neekhilomitha ngeyure nganye. Akunyanzelekanga siyeke ukuba ehlise abakhweli, yaye "bathathe ibhodi" elilandelayo, kwaye le misebenzi kufuneka uqhubeke uhamba. Xa imozulu ukubonakala elungileyo evela elorini ngama ayi-40.

A ukukhwela kwivili Ferris, abakhenkethi kunye Londoners ke imihla. Ukususela ngoSeptemba ukuya kuMatshi, abakhweli kokufika ukususela 10:00 de kube 20:30 yaye ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya Agasti, ixesha besebenza idityaniswa eliganukejako omnye seyure.

Hyde Park

Royal okanye Hyde Park kumbindi London (Rangers Lodge, W2 2UH, livulwa 5:00 ukuya 24:00) yenye edume kakhulu kwi UK yaye li- ummandla 1.4 macala onke. km. Yasungulwa phambi kuloyiso kuneZiqithi zaseBritane xa zizonke Norman. Noko ke, akuzange ukuvula ukuba Londoners ukuhamba kuphela ngenkulungwane ye-17 ngokomyalelo kaKumkani uCharles II.

Emantla-mpuma inxalenye Hyde Park ke Izithethi Corner edumileyo. Wabonakala ngo 1872, xa wapasiswa umthetho, leyo ukuba wonke umntu ukuba baveze izimvo zabo esidlangalaleni nasiphi na isifundo, kuquka nezo sithethe Royals izenzo. Daily ukusuka 12:00 apho onako ukuliva imidlalo wonke ubani ofuna ukwabelana nabanye abazalwana babo abemi iimbono zabo kulo mba-nkqubo, kunye nokucacisa ibunzi kwezentlalo kunye ngokokuziphatha imibuzo.

Ukongeza, i-yeNyoka chibi kummandla epakini, apho ukudada, kunye gallery eponymous. Hi ndlela leyi, kulo mzimba amanzi ngethuba Olimpiki London zaye zabanjwa edada emanzini evulekileyo.

gallery yeNyoka

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, lo is ibekwe kwi Hyde Park. Kuye kwavulwa 1970 kwi ngumnquba iti odidi, eyakhiwa yee imi--30 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Ngelo xesha, ukuba patroness le igalari Princess Diana. Namhlanje, emnyango kwisakhiwo, leyo likwaneklinkhi umboniso osisigxina, ungabona umsebenzi wakhe zanikezelwa uPetros Coates kunye Yana Gamiltona Finlay.

YeNyoka Gallery ngeminyaka uyala ukuba ekudalweni eminqubeni yethutyana nabayili ezintsha evela ehlabathini lonke. Bayavuya ukuyila izakhiwo ezizodwa, apho kukho inkomfa zobuciko, luhlola ezizodwa, kwakunye ukusebenza cafe.

Ukutyhubela iminyaka, siye oluboniswe amagcisa edumileyo enjalo abakroli, ezifana Man Ray, Endi Uorhol, Genri waphi, uAlan Makkollum, Paula Rego, i yeNyoka Gallery Demen Herst Bridzhit Rayli, Dzheff Kuns kunye nabanye.

Westminster Abbey

Le itempile engayiwayo kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, Yiyo le indawo yemveli ibekwa, umtshato kunye nokungcwatywa ookumkani British. Westminster Abbey (Idilesi: 20 noMongameli Yard London SW1P 3 PA), kunokuba unxibelelwano Collegiate Church. UPetros waqala ukwakha 1245, kwaye imbonakalo lokugqibela yakho ezifunyenwe 5 kuphela emva phantse iinkulungwane emva emifanekisweni ezininzi.

Isakhiwo zendlu yetempile enemilo emnqamlezweni. Ubude kakhulu, ukusuka emnyango osentshona kuse udonga ngaphandle ecaweni ka Lady yethu, kuba 161,5 m, ukuphakama iphezulu iinqaba yasentshona -. 68 m iyonke ndawo - malunga 3,000 square metres. m. Ngelo xesha linye Abbey linokuthwala ku amawaka 2 abantu.

At kwasekuqaleni kwigalari ephambili Abbey ubona imifanekiso abangcwele vsehristanskih umsebenzi Sergei Fedorov iconographer. Ukongeza, i-Abbey yindawo lokuphambukela kubathandi uncwadi IsiNgesi - Iimbongi Corner, leyo likwaneklinkhi namangcwaba ababhali abadumileyo kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo, njengoko uCharles Dickens, Chaucer, Semyuel Dzhonson, Tennyson kunye Browning.

Bambalwa siyazi ukuba ngo-1998, phezu nesezindlu ekungeneni ngasentshonalanga yetempile, zaba imifanekiso lamangqina kwenkulungwane yama-20. Phakathi kwabo, le mbono kunye nocalucalulo ngokobuhlanga Martin Lyuter King, umbingeleli eDietrich Bonhoeffer, owabulawa ngamaNazi a Flossenburg kwinkampu yoxinaniso, Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa Elizabeth Feodorovna, ndalahlelwa kwiBolsheviks ekucinezelekeni kwam kufuphi Alapaevsk ngo-1918, kunye nabanye.

Theatre "Globus"

Abaninzi kwabo Wothenga waya eLondon, qiniseka ukuba abanakuswela utyelelo enkundleni "Globe", okwindawo ngasezantsi lomlambo iThames. Esi sakhiwo, abambe iqala ezininzi edlalwa Shakespeare, yakhiwa ngo-1599. Ngelishwa, wamtshisa phantsi kwiminyaka eli-14 kamva.

isakhiwo Modern "Globe" (Idilesi: New Globe Walk, SE1), eyakhiwa ngo-1997, kukho umfuziselo of yokubonela yimbali. Of nezihlalo kwi kwiholo yayo emoyeni evulekileyo, ngoko tyelela emiboniso Shakespeare Company inokuba ukususela phakathi-Meyi ukuya kwi-20 Septemba.

Ukuba atyelele i "Globe", lo kungcono ukuthatha emgodini suka kwi Cannon kwisikhululo St okanye nandawo House.

Covent Garden

Theatre Royal kwindawo enye of London yasekwa ngo-1732 yaye ethandwa kakhulu phakathi abahlali kwikomkhulu yaseBritani.

Isakhiwo yangoku (Idilesi: Bow Street WC2E 9DD) ikwindawo yesithathu emgceni. It elimiswe 1858. Kwiholo Covent Garden inokuthatha abantu 2268.

Covent Garden ukwabizwa ngokuba Royal Opera House kunye neenkwenkwezi eqongeni ukhanye ngobuninzi yokuqala.

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo ezinika London ekwakheni ngaphandle kubonakala umxhelo njalo, kodwa ukuyilwa ngaphakathi yayo yenza abaphulaphuli kwahlala njalo.

Piccadilly Circus

Piccadilly Circus ibekwe e Westminster. Le ndawo ke yakhiwa ngo-1819. Kuba ekwakhiweni kwayo kuyimfuneko ukuba kudilizwe le ndlu umyezo into Lady Hatton nokuphazamisana nezixandileyo Regent Street kunye zokuthenga esitratweni enkulu Piccadilly.

Eyona umtsalane ndawo - Memorial Fountain Shaftesbari. Wokwakha ise kwinxalenye ekumzantsi-ntshona we-Piccadilly Circus. Sinikezelwa van'wankumi ezaziwayo-kakuhle iNkosi Shaftesbari. Phezulu kwe sculpture oyintsobi enamaphiko utolo unganxibanga esimelela Anteros ekubeni "uthixo uthando olungenamiqathango".

Kwindawo kwesakhiwo nazo zibekwe phantsi komhlaba Ikhrayitheriya Theatre, owasekwa ngo-1874, yaye iholo umculo London inkundla, yakhiwa ngo-1859.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye sakhiwo eqhagamshelwe kwiziko Trocadero.

ngisa

Isakhiwo, sise Millbank SW1B 3DG, kufutshane Ibhotwe of Westminster, abakhenkethi uqhelane kunye ingqokelela odumileyo kazwelonke art yaseBritani. Limela elikhuli ehlabathini ngayo imizobo, imifanekiso kunye nemizobo nababhali IsiNgesi kwiinkulungwane 16-20. Waseka nokuqokelelwa usomashishini Nkosi Henry Tate. Igalari lavuleka kuluntu ngo-1897.

kweminyaka engama-30 kamva isakhiwo saqhotyoshelwa iphiko, leyo likwaneklinkhi imisebenzi abaculi amazwe. Ngowe-1987 aqala Clore Gallery, leyo yenye yeengqokelela kakhulu ngokubanzi Turner Imizobo imelwe.

Ngoku uyazi ezinye yezinto zokwakha umdla ahombise kumbindi London. Ukongezelela, nyaka ngamnye ikomkhulu UK na indawo for ezahlukeneyo zenkcubeko, ezemidlalo kunye nezinye iziganeko ukonwabisa ihlabathi kwinqanaba yaseYurophu. Bona, kwakunye ezikhumbuzo zembali bokwakha, sesinye sezizathu kokuthandwa lanele iihambo ukuya eLondon.