Baltic Sea: etyuwa, ubunzulu, indawo, inkcazo,

Baltic Sea - edge esemantla ichibi Eurasia. Yena elingena nzulu kulo ilizwe, yaye ngaloo ndlela kubhekisela ukuhamba kwamanzi iintlobo zangaphakathi. igcwalisa Ulwandle amanzi Atlantic. Le elise Northern Europe. I-Sea Baltic ke kumazwe eBaltic. Kunye namazwe afana eDenmark, eSweden, eFinland, eJamani, Russia, Poland. Nokuqukuqela yolwandle elidityaniswe ngenkqubo of Danish kwiStraits kunye noLwandle North.

Ummandla kwechibi imalunga 415 lamawaka macala onke. Km. Umthamo we kwamanzi - ngaphezulu kwe-20 amawaka cubic metres .. km. Emkhombeni ejulile - 470 leemitha.

zamanzi

Baltic Sea, apho etyuwa kuchaphazela ngamandla zezilwanyana nezityalo ubomi, ezele isixa esikhulu samanzi acocekileyo. Basimisela mthombo rhoqo yesibambiso. imisinga ezinetyuwa zingene kwi ichibi ngokusebenzisa matheku amadama. Tide amanqanaba kubi, ngokuqhelekileyo, ubuninzi babo ayikho ngaphezu kwe-20 cm.

Ubunzulu oLwandle Baltic usoloko kumgama oyi yamanqaku enye. Lingaba impembelelo khona umoya. Kunxweme lwe amanzi nivuke ku-50 cm izithuba ezingqongqo - up to kangangeemitha ezi-2.

Izaqhwithi phezu kwamanzi aqukuqelayo phantse namnye. Njengabanye yolwandle ngokuhlamba eRashiya, lweBaltic ichibi ezolileyo, yaye kunqabile xa amaza alo unokufikelela ukuphakama kuyimitha 4. izaqhwithi kakhulu ekwindla, ngoNovemba. okunzulu obukhulu - amanqaku 7-8. Ebusika, bona ngokoqobo wayeka, oko ezikhuthazwa umkhenkce.
Ukusoloko for the Sea Baltic - incinci. Xa uluhlu 10-15 cm / s. ukunyuka obukhulu phezu ngexesha izaqhwithi ukuya 100-150 cm / umzuzwana.
tide Sea Baltic kusebenza ezingabonakaliyo. Oku kunegalelo iqondo elikhulu amakheswa esihlambo zolwelo. inqanaba labo kuyahlukana ku ezahlukene 20 eemitha. Ukwanda ubuninzi amanzi - ngo-Agasti nangoSeptemba.

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yonxweme ehlanganiswa ice ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya kutsho ngoAprili. Emazantsi olwandle iziko nto ngumkhenkce, kodwa ukuze singakhukuliseki zomkhenkce ixesha thawing (ngoJuni-Agasti).

I-Sea Baltic inee- imithombo yendalo. lala apha zolondolozo ioli, amasimi amatsha ziyaphuhliswa. Kwakhona, imali enkulu evuthiweyo ezifumaneka kutshanje. igesi Subsea iya indlela "Nord Stream".

Nolwandle Baltic utyebile intlanzi kunye nokutya kwaselwandle. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, okusingqongileyo Flow zimbi kakhulu. Amanzi ugcwale ityhefu ephuma yemilambo emikhulu. Ezizinzileyo kunye nobukho izixhobo zeekhemikhali dumpsites.

Ngenxa nzulu yokuthumela ulwandle kakhulu kuphuhliswa. Kuphela iinkundla kufuneka ukukhanya ukuwela ogqobhozela ngaphandle iingxaki. Le kunawo kuLwandle lweBaltic: Vyborg, eKaliningrad, Gdansk, Copenhagen, Tallinn, eSt Petersburg, Stockholm.

Amanzi kweli dama, ayifanelekanga ukuba isetyenziselwe kuphuhliso Spa lokhenketho, kodwa nangona kunjalo kukho sibhedlele yaye kwisibhedlele kwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni. Le dolophu okwetyeli Russian Svetlogorsk, Zelenogorsk, Sestroretsk, Jurmala, Latvian, Lithuanian Neringa, Polish Koszalin kunye Sopot, isiJamani Ahlbeck Binz.

Inkcazelo emfutshane lobushushu amanzi kunye etyuwa olwandle

Kumbindi loLwandle lweBaltic, njengoko umthetho, ubushushu olunqabileyo ngaphezulu kwe 15-18 ° ^C. Ngelo emazantsi, oko kumalunga-4 degrees. E Gulf ngokuqhelekileyo imozulu ezolileyo +9 .. + 12 ^° C

Baltic Sea, ubutyuwa apho izinciphiso umyalelo entshona ukuya empuma, ekuqaleni ukuhamba anelona esemthethweni - 20 PPM. Xa ubunzulu eli nani linyuke nge-1.5.

igama

Igama lokuqala etymological "Baltic" ifumaneka imbali zembali kwenkulungwane XI. Igama ekuqaleni lolwandle - Varangian. Oku okhankanywe "Tale of adlulileyo Years" odumileyo.

amanqaku kakhulu

Iziphelo Sea Baltic:

• Southern - Wismar (Germany), uququzelelo ka - 53 ° 45` p. w.;
• Northern - Polar iququzelela isangqa - nge-65 ° 40`. w.;
• East - St Petersburg (Russia), ilungelelanise - 30 ° 15` ngo. njl.;
• West - Flensburg (Germany), ilungelelanise - 9 ° 10` ngo. d.

iimpawu Geographical: ndawo, nemingenela kunye zokupaka

Baltic Sea (etyuwa kunye neempawu zayo zichazwe ngezantsi) sandisiwe ukusuka emazantsi-ntshona ukuya emntla-mpuma for 1360 km. ububanzi obukhulu Ngaba ibekwe phakathi emizini Stockholm St Petersburg. Kuyinto 650 leekhilomitha.

Ngokweerekhodi zembali, koLwandle iBaltic, kukho malunga nama-4 iminyaka eliwaka. Kweli xesha uqala ukuba zikhona yaye umlambo zinzulu, ophuma singene echibini - Neva (74 km). Ngaphandle kwawo, zidibana kunye njengomlambo imilambo engaphezu kwama-250. I inkulu ezi Vistula, oder, Narva, Neman, Western Dvina.

Amanye amazibuko oLwandle Baltic ungqengqa zokupaka yayo enkulu. Ngasemntla na Gulf of Bothnia, enkulu kunazo zonke yaye zinzulu. In ngasempumalanga - Riga, ephakathi Estonia kunye Latvia, eFinland, uhlamba lwaseYurophu Finland, Estonia, iRashiya, kwaye i-Curonian Lagoon. Ngenxa yokuba le yokugqibela abazahlulayo ukusuka kulwandle intlabathi, amanzi esihlambo phantse fresh. Lo ngumsebenzi ekhethekileyo.

Ubunzulu-avareji ye-Sea Baltic - 50m, ezantsi iwela ngokupheleleyo phakathi kwilizwekazi. Le ezincinane kwaye yenza kube lula ukuba kuthiwe ukuba imizimba zangaphakathi amanzi emhlabeni.

iziqithi

Kule ndawo ulwandle ibekwe iziqithi ezingaphezu kwama-200 ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu. Bona ebekwe edyokhweni kude nonxweme, yaye kude kubo. I siqithi sikhulu oLwandle iBaltic - Zeeland, Falster, Myung, Langeland, Lolland, Bornholm, Funen (ephethwe yi Denmark); Öland kunye Gotland (siqithi Swedish); Fehmarn kunye Rügen (isebenza eJamani); Hiiumaa Saaremaa (Estonia).

benyusa

Baltic Sea (ulwandle ephembelela ngamandla ngaye ngamanzi) has a ugu ezahlukeneyo kujikelezo emanzini. Kumntla - emazantsi lazo, onamatye, kunxweme lungqamane kunye coves ezincinane, kwemiqhele kunye kwiziqithi ezincinane. Emazantsi, phezu koko, ezantsi kuyabonakala, kunye nonxweme iphantsi-ukuxoka, linonxweme oyisanti, leyo kwezinye iindawo zimelwe kwiinduli ezincinane. Rhoqo kunxweme abaselula - imivalo isanti, inqumla nzulu elwandle.
ngezantsi ngentlenga thaca eluhlaza, elitshisiweyo ezimnyama (imvelaphi glacial) kunye isanti kunye nomhlaba ibandakanya amatye kuvuleke.

Amandla kunye lutshintsho rhoqo

Ngenxa isixa esikhulu imvula lokuhamba kwamanzi enamandla zemilambo, Baltic Sea (etyuwa dama elincinane) izele ngamanzi amatsha kwemfuneko. It abelwa edyokhweni. Apho kwiBaltic ichibi nzulu elunxwemeni - amanzi phantse fresh, kunye etyuwa kuchaphazela Sea North. Le meko ezingazinzanga. Gales lula ukuxuba amanzi.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-etyuwa kuLwandle lweBaltic - esezantsi. A ukuhla Uphawu kwayo kwinqanaba elunxwemeni, elona nani likhulu iinxalenye amawaka nganye - emazantsi.
Kwindawo apho amanzi ihlangana okubandezeleka entshonalanga - amanzi etyuwa ukuya ku-20 ‰ phezu kolwandle emazantsi - 30 ‰. Kufuphi nonxweme Bothnia kunye nePersian of Finland izinga eliphantsi. Akuncedi nto idlula 3 ‰. Inqanaba 6 8 ‰ luphawulwa Waters central nesabelo.

Kwakhona, ukusasazwa amanzi anetyuwa ngayo amanzi oLwandle Baltic kunye neempembelelo onyaka. Ngoko, kwi zentlako-hlaza nezasehlotyeni lonyaka, oko kuncitshiswa 0,5-0,2 PPM. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba nemilambo zinyibilikisiwe amanzi amatsha elwandle. Ekwindla nasebusika, phezu koko, ukunyuka ngenxa Miylz.engnayo abandayo wt wasentla.

Ukutshintsha etyuwa kolwandle - esinye sezizathu ezibalulekileyo elawula iinkqubo ezibubhayoloji neziphathekayo kunye kwemichiza elwandle. Ngokuyinxenye ngenxa elunxwemeni lwamanzi insipidness na isakhiwo evakalala.