APR - Yintoni le? ATP - kokuhlaziya. Imbali lamazwe Asia-Pacific

I-wonke umhlaba yahlulelwe kwii ariya ezininzi ezinkulu lwezoqoqosho kunye nelwezopoliko, omnye anempembelelo inkulu kwezi ummandla Asia-Pacific. Ziqonde izifinyezo - Asia-Pacific - ithi le umbutho iquka ithi ebekwe kwi umjikelezo kunye amanzi Pacific Ocean. Thetha ngomahluko phakathi kulo mmandla kunye amazwe ziqukiwe nokubunjwa kwayo.

Indawo Geographical kunye ukwakhiwa APR

Omnye umbutho inkulu geographical ehlabathini - i-Asia-Pacific (okotshiweyo - Asia-Pacific), babugubungela lonke unxweme lwePasifiki, kwakunye inani elikhulu lwamazwe Asia. Indawo, lo mmandla uyazimela arc American kwaye Asia, kwakunye Australia ne Oceania. Kwi akhawunti APR malunga 18.5% yabo bonke amahlathi boMhlaba. Ummandla lugubungela imozulu eziliqela yaye yahluke kakhulu ukusuka isiqabu nezimbiwa resources. Ummandla isakhiwo kummandla Asia-Pacific bebefudula ziquka amazwe 46, ezintathu ithi (eMyanmar, Nepal kunye Mongolia) kudla ngokubhekiswa kule ndawo kwaye ngamaxesha dwelisa APR ziquka India, Sri Lanka kunye Bangladesh. Ekubeni kungekho uluhlu olunye ezivunyiweyo, inani labathathi-nxaxheba kwi zonyango ezahlukeneyo kuyahlukahlukana.

Imbali kwamazwe Pacific Rim (Asia-Pacific)

indawo Asia-Pacific - inxalenye yentsimi, leyo kudala abantu, kodwa amazwe ezi zindawo baqalisa muva. Ngoko ke, kumazwe aphuhlileyo e-Europe zezethu kule ngingqi, njengokuba amazwe aselula ngophuhliso, njengokuba uhlobo sikwi yempucuko. Noko ke, kule nkulungwane yama-20 emva kwexesha, intsalela imikhosi ehlabathini iyahluka kakhulu. Pacific yavulwa ngenkulungwane ye-16, yaye amazwe mmandla ezaziwa baseYurophu ngexesha iinkulungwane ezimbini ezilandelayo. Aba vulindlela kula mazwe baba abahloli IsiPhuthukezi kunye Spanish. Kwisiqingatha sesibini kwenkulungwane ye-16 kule ndawo, yaye yabhekisela amaNgesi aqala ukwenza India. Ngenkulungwane ye-17, iindawo esemantla eqala ukuhlola oovulindlela Russian. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-18 onke amagunya emikhulu kwihlabathi baqalisa ukuba nzima kuba nempembelelo kule ngingqi, iinkokeli baba yaseBritani, ilandelwe yi-French kunye Russian baba. amathanga amaNgesi French ikhuthaze uphuhliso kumazwe amaninzi wePasifiki. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, ziyahlelwa kule ndawo ngokwezelizwe baqalisa kuzichaphazela kakhulu eUnited States. Ngenkulungwane ye-19 eYurophu kwakukho ingcamango ukuhla impucuko, yaye ukunye APR, iinkcuba abaninzi amathemba abo ekwakheni kwihlabathi elitsha, inegalelo ekwandeni kakhulu abafudukayo kummandla kwamazwe aseYurophu. amathanga ezinkulu eyasekwa eChile, Japan, kwiiPhilippines kunye namanye amazwe. Imibuso Ixesha kancinci, kodwa iintlanga ezinkulu yaseYurophu benza umgudu omkhulu ukugcina nempembelelo yalo amazwe mmandla. Phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-19 kummandla kweli lizwe kukho ezintsha, sidalwe Emva inkululeko evela amazwe, kunye nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nentlalo. Kwinkulungwane yama-20, i-Asia-Pacific iye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo imaphu kwezopolitiko zehlabathi.

Dynamics zesakhiwo

Phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-20, amazwe kummandla Asia-Pacific, waba kwezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko onamandla ehlabathini. Ubume lokuqala senziwa 30 kwinkulungwane yama-20, ngenxa yeengxaki zemali ehlabathini jikelele kabukhali kuphakamisa umbuzo imibutho ezithile ukwenzela ukuba kwandiswe uzinzo kunye nokhuphiswano kwamazwe ngamnye. Lo mgaqo-ngxwaba Japan iye yaba ngunobangela kweenkqubo ukuhlanganiswa, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II eqala ukuvela imilo kwindawo yokuqala. amandla ezimbini jikelele - eUnited States eSoviet Union wazama ukuba bafake namahlakani kule ngingqi. Japan, Taiwan, New Zealand, Australia kunye namanye amazwe uthabathe icala of America, ecaleni yiSoviet Union kuzinambuzane China, Vietnam, Cambodia, iLaos. Kwingingqi kukho nokunikezelwa imikhosi rhoqo, ithi ezintsha, kukho zokuncula ezimbalwa kunye abadala iindlela. Yi Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-20 wongezelela esisishwankathelo uqikelelo bendawo. It wabuyisa emdeni yiMelika Australia, amazwe e-Asia, kungekuphela offshore kodwa isembindini yelizwekazi, kwakunye kumazwe akhiwe kwi iziqithi Pacific Ocean. Namhlanje iyamelana ATP ngokwalo kuquka amazwe 52, ukongeza, kukho ithi ukuba kuphela abanye abaphandi kunye namatsha ntliziyo zabekwa kule ndawo. Noko ke, le ndawo ngonaphakade-ngokwandisa, uze uphendule umbuzo apho amazwe ziqukiwe kule kummandla Asia-Pacific, ngokucacileyo ngeke isebenze. Oku kwakhona ngenxa yokuba akukho isivumelwano esisemthethweni phakathi kwamazwe umlingani.

Iinkokheli kummandla Asia-Pacific

Ezinye iingcali zoqoqosho kunye izazinzulu zezopolitiko ubize kwinkulungwane yama-21 Ixesha wePasifiki. Lo mbono ke ngenxa yokuba i-ATP - yeyona ekuphuhliseni kakhulu ngokukhawuleza iziphaluka zehlabathi. Kungenxa kule kumazwe kwizowuni zibonisa ukukhula kakhulu linamandla. Iinkokeli wethu kummandla unguye US, Japan China. sisondela kuye kwezinye izikhombisi amazwe afana ne-Indiya, Hong Kong. amazwe ezincinane, Kakade, asikwazi ukuyithelekisa kwi iinkokeli ngokwemiqathango imisebenzi yabo yorhwebo, kodwa abaninzi kubo njengenxalenye isikali ibonisa iziphumo zalo zophuhliso elungileyo. amabali empumelelo ebalulekileyo Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore.

Indima kummandla kwezopolitiko ngamazwe

Namhlanje, loo nto bengatshatanga kweli hlabathi ngoyaba ubukho zamazwe Pacific Rim. Ziqonde le ibandakanya imiba eendawo nje kuphela, kodwa iimpawu ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho. Ukungena kulo mmandla iingxilimbela zezopolitiko ezinjengezo eUnited States, China naseRashiya, yaye umzabalazo wabo ukwandisa ukubaluleka kwayo kummandla sesona siganeko sibalulekileyo kwinqanaba ngamazwe. Kodwa indima kummandla Asia-Pacific hayi kuphela ukwabiwa iinkalo yempembelelo phakathi kwamazwe amakhulu. Kulapha ukuba likhula ngokukhawuleza nokuphuhlisa amazwe, isicelo indawo entsha kwipolitiki ngamazwe. Amazwe afana ne-Indiya, Indonesia, Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, North Korea ngokuya isingqiniso indima yawo kwihlabathi jikelele. Lo mmandla Sihlala sisebenzela nokuhlelwa ngokutsha imikhosi, kukho imibutho kwaye kukho imibutho nombono ukuqhekeza kwindawo yokuqala ehlabathini. Namhlanje akunakwenzeka ukuba nomfanekiso-nkqubo jikelele ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo iimfuno kwisikrini, SCO okanye APEC. Le mibutho zimisele umoya omawulawule kungekuphela nje kummandla kodwa ehlabathini lonke, ukuba negalelo kuphuhliso ezincinane ahlwempuzekileyo uthi, abachaphazelekayo malunga nokhuseleko kwingingqi ngenxa kwezopolitiko ihlabathi yaye wagxila kakhulu intsebenziswano kwezoqoqosho.

Economy Asia-Pacific

Kuqoqosho kwinkulungwane yama-21 yeyona amazwe Asia-Pacific lubonakalise iziphumo ezingcono, nangona iingxaki ezininzi zemali apha liyaqhubeka ukuba akhule kwaye aphuhle. Kumazwe amaninzi kummandla ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-21 ziye zandisa ixabiso GDP, nakwiingqikelelo kwimarike ukwanda, ngcono ukusebenza inqanaba lotyalo-mali kunye nozinzo kwiinkqubo zezimali. Kakade ke, lo mmandla nobunzima, kodwa jikelele kuphuhliso yayo ukhangela ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi. Kulo mmandla, ekhaya abemi behlabathi ngaphezu kwesiqingatha kwaye kukho ukukhula okubonakalayo ngonyaka, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo zomhlaba. Noko ke, lo gama kumazwe amaninzi mayingabi nebhongo umgangatho ophezulu wokuphila, umzekelo, e-Bangladesh abantu lisekhona $ 1 ngosuku. Kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe inkqubo yokuphucula umgangatho wokuphila. Uphawu lwe APR kukuba bonke abathathi-nxaxheba igxile kuphuhliso yorhwebo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle kunye amaqhina kwezoqoqosho, into ephambili kula mazwe. Phantse onke amazwe yanda ngokukhawuleza kwishishini lokuvelisa kunye neenkonzo idale imisebenzi emininzi kwaye uzise kwi investment kwi mmandla. amazwe Asia-Pacific kwakhona iqhubeke ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwezolimo ehlabathini kwaye abanini yenani elikhulu kwezibonelelo luncedo.

Relations ne-Russia

Kuba Russia, i-Asia-Pacific - yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo, indima yaye ulwa iminyaka emininzi. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwinkulungwane yama-20 emva kwexesha, eli lizwe kakubi isabalulekile kule ndawo kwaye namhlanje uzama ukubamba up. Russia ithatha inxaxheba kunye umthombo amaphulo amaninzi kumaqela anjenge SCO, APEC, i EurAsEC kunye ico. Kodwa kusoloko kufuneka babe phantsi koxinzelelo kumazwe afana neTshayina, Japan kunye United States abafuni ukuba bayeke indima inkokeli ye-Russian Federation. Ngoko ke, intsebenziswano namazwe-Asia-Pacific eRashiya - yenye iinjongo zobuchule kule minyaka ilishumi izayo ibalulekileyo.

Eyona engundoqo iingxaki Asia-Pacific

Kakade ke, kummandla Asia-Pacific - yinto ophilayo indawo inamandla kwaye akanakuba yingxaki. Ubunzima engundoqo ejongene amazwe akwingingqi yawo, ngokusebenzayo ekuphuhliseni uqoqosho wayo - kuba eziphilayo. inani amahlathi, amanzi bazihlambela, umhlaba sisazama iyehla ngokukhawuleza kummandla Asia-Pacific. Kwaye okoko nje ezi iingxaki nezisombululo lokwenene. Le meko kusongela ehlabathini lonke, njengoko inkqubo eziphilayo akukho imimandla ezahlukeneyo. Enye ingxaki ATP wayo - uphuhliso lwentlalo. Kumazwe amaninzi, abantu likhula ngokukhawuleza, abantu badla ukuhamba ukuhlala kwizixeko engekakulungeli ukuba nokuya enjalo. Zizizwe zala mazwe asaphuhlayo ufuna ukusondela umgangatho wobomi kumazwe phambili, kodwa amathuba abanawo. Yonke le igcwele iingxaki zentlalo.

uphuhliso

Phezu kwazo nje iingxaki, akukho namnye unako izakukhanyela kunethuba elikhulu kumazwe Asia Pacific. Ziqonde oku sele iingqiqo yezoqoqosho namhlanje ifumana zonke ukutolika ezintsha. Kukho nokunikezelwa imikhosi kunye nommandla kufuneka silindele iziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Namathemba uphuhliso kulo mmandla unxulunyaniswa nendima ekhulayo of China, India, amazwe Oceania, ezo ngakumbi bagqibe imibutho ezintsha koorhulumente kunye ibango ukuba abe yinkokeli kule ngingqi.