Aldehyde Formic. Ukulungiselela aldehyde formic

aldehyde Formic okanye formaldehyde - yigesi ezingenambala kunye elibukhali, ivumba elibi isici. Yena enyibilikayo kakhulu emanzini kunye alkoholi. Formaldehyde yityhefu kakhulu kwaye kubangele ezitshangubeni emzimbeni womntu. Ukongeza, loo nto ithathwa a carcinogen.

Formaldehyde - ilungu yokuqala kuthotho homologous, equka aldehyde aliphatic formic. Formic acid kwakhona eveza iimpawu eli qela.

iipropati chemical

Formaldehyde uyakwazi ukuzibandakanya zonke ezo zinto ezo uphawu thotho homologous of aldehydes aliphatic. Kuquka nucleophiles. Kwakhona ezinxulumene ne ekunciphiseni arhente. Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu yokuba formaldehyde iphantsi electron ezinoxinano kwi-atom carbon. Ngenxa kule inkalo ubume kulula kakhulu ukungena ekudibaneni kwemichiza nezona nucleophiles kakhulu amandla. Oku kucacisa into yokuba aldehyde zolwelo formic ifumaneka sikwimo hydrated.

production ethole

Lo mba ifomula ilula. aldehyde Formic kwi ulwimi yemichiza sijongeka njengoku: HCHO. Indlela mveliso engundoqo imveliso yawo - kuba igcwala of methanol. Le yokusabela lwenziwa usebenzisa kuvala yesilivere. Ubushushu efunekayo - 650 degrees. methanol igcwala kwenzeka womoya.

Le nkqubo sele kakhulu ixesha elide isetyenzisiwe kuyo yonke indawo. Kuyinto kakuhle kakhulu. Malunga nama-80% formaldehyde zathengwa ukusabela oxidizing of methanol. Noko ke, asiyiyo yodwa indlela. Kutshanje liphuhlise indlela lilihle ngakumbi indlela. Oku kusekelwe ukusetyenziswa ehlanganisa yentsimbi-molybdenum. Kulo mzekelo inqanaba ubushushu olifunayo liye lancitshiswa degrees 300, kwaye behla ukuya kwisiqingatha.

Kwakhona eyaziwayo enye indlela kwimizi - igcwala methane. Ukuphendula le fomyula kunokuba ilula: aldehyde formic ifunyenwe noxinzelelo ka 1-2 MPA ngama-450. Lo kuvala esithathwe aluminium phosphate.

isicelo

Methanediol - isisombululo formaldehyde zolwelo, nto leyo ebangela iproteni nokuguqulwa. Olu phawu ivumela ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi njenge arhente kwezikhumba ekwenziweni izinto ngesikhumba. Ithi isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekuvelisweni Film-bhanya. Ngenxa asiyeyamagorha iipropati tannic formaldehyde yaziwa ngokuba magciwane. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi amayeza. Ngokusekelwe liveze malungiselelo kubola, njengoko "Formagel" yaye "Formidron". Ngokuba kakhulu ixesha elide, aldehyde formic ezisetyenziswa eziphilayo zokugcina biomaterials, ezifana amalungu isilwanyana okanye imizimba.

Okwangoku, ukufumana aldehyde formic iinkuni inzuzo kwaye, kakade, ishishini ifanitshala lo. Isetyenziswa imveliso nentlaka melaminokarbamidoformaldegidnyh. Zisetyenziswa ekwenziweni ibhodi yamasuntswana, ngamaplanga kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha.

Xa ukugcina aldehyde formic kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwiqondo lobushushu ngezantsi degrees 10 isisombululo uba enamafu kunye kwenze emhlophe ibonakala. Kwakhona, formaldehyde ke waphendula mpilo. Ngenxa yoko, kwasekwa ngenxa yokudodobala ezongezelelweyo eyayizalwa lwabasunguli chain.

iipropati eziyityhefu

Ngenxa yoko, formaldehyde ilungisiwe yi igcwala of methanol methane. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, ukuba unezinga sezingeni eliphezulu yetyhefu. aldehyde Formic luchaphazela ikakhulu umbandela yemfuza. Ukususela kule into ubunzima kunye zokuzala. Kodwa, umonakalo ngokuma Kakade ke, laziwa, ulusu amehlo.

Formaldehyde iyingozi yinyaniso ukuba ibe nefuthe elibi CNS.

aldehyde Formic nje awunatyhefu - 60-90 ml into (ngokuxhomekeke ubunzima), ivaleleke ngaphakathi, ukufa. Iimpawu ubuthi ziquka:

• prostration jikelele;
• isiyezi yesikhumba integument;
• lutho;
• ukudana CNS;
• ukuphelelwa umoya;
• yintloko ebuhlungu;
• uphathwe, ingakumbi ebusuku.

ifuthe aldehyde Formic emzimbeni womntu

Ukusetyenziswa aldehyde formic kwi kwimveliso kukhokelela eyohlukeneyo ityiwe kwabasebenzi. Kunye nezilonda inhalation nkqi, okt inhalation, wabona conjunctivitis kunye nefomu nokoyika iphika, nto leyo maxa wambi ekhokelela nokudumba miphungeni. Symptomatology in sesichengeni elide formaldehyde uya kwandisa kuphela. Emva kwexesha elifutshane, kukho iimpawu zokwenzakala kunye CNS kukudakumba. Kuya luboniswe nesiyezi rhoqo, imvakalelo kuvela uloyiko, umlenze uba engazinzanga, yaye ebusuku umntu abe nokuba ukuxhuzula.

Ukuba yityhefu kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ngomlomo, uphawu lokuqala wowatshisa kwiinwebu lokugaya. Iza ukuzibonakalisa ngokohlobo intlungu, nokushisa emqaleni kunye emphinjeni. Man uziva ubuqhophololo nkqi, ubunzima, akamkeli isisu iya kuba igazi. Kwiingozi ezimasikizi, ukuphuhlisa nokudumba laryngeal waphawula ukubanjwa reflex zemiphunga.

Ukonakalisa ezingapheliyo kungomlinganiselo ezincinane ebantwini kukho ilahleko eyomeleleyo ubunzima, ukukhuthazwa zengqondo, ukuphazamiseka ezibonwayo, efuna, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu engapheliyo.

Etheni ne formaldehyde

aldehyde Formic kakhulu eziqhele ukufunyanwa emoyeni. Le nkampani iye abasebenzi benza umsebenzi enxulumene nokuveliswa nentlaka zokwenziwa, kunye sesichengeni esisigxina yaye ixesha elide ukuya umphunga formaldehyde ityhefu kunokwenzeka. Amaninzi ngemihla yokusebenza kuqala umntu ayimakishileyo dermatitis ebusweni, izandla. Ubukho formaldehyde emzimbeni zingabonakala ngurhulumente imandundu of izikhonkwane - ke ithambise zaqina.

Nangokhwekhwe dermatitis abe ngesimilo komzimba. Emva kokuba umntu ubunzima yityhefu, wabumba uvakalelo formic aldehyde olomeleleyo. Kukho ubungqina bokuba formaldehyde kuchaphazela ngokungalunganga ukusebenza kwenkqubo okuzala umzimba ababhinqileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa formaldehyde okuthambisa

Umxholo formaldehyde kuvumelekile njenge ukubola okuthambisa, kodwa eyavela akufuneki igqithe 0.1%. aldehyde Formic inokuba khona izithambiso intlama, ngenxa yomzimba, ubuso kunye nezandla.

Kananjalo yezemithi, kwezinye iindlela zokuthintela ukubila ngokugqithiseleyo esinakho formaldehyde. sivumelekile Ayithandi ka - 0.5%. Le nto - olungileyo kubola, nkqu hi mpimo lowutsongo ezinjalo ikwazi utshabalalisa micro-eziphilayo. Akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba sibulale mafutha phezu kobuso ukuba yinxalenye ye-5% formaldehyde. It igcwele imbonakalo dermatitis kunye negazi. Kwakhona aldehyde formic ayisetyenziselwa lokulondolozwa iimveliso mhle, ukuba kuthengiswa njengoko ulwelo kunye mixube.

Yonke imveliso kwiileyibhile zabo kufuneka siqulathe ulwazi malunga nokuqulethwe izinto eziyingozi, enoba loo mali ka-0.05%. Enyanisweni, unanamhla ibingekacaciswa njenge nesisombululo formaldehyde kuchaphazela eluswini, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba izilwanyana kuba limlilo ukuba bomvu, ejiyileyo.

aldehyde ibangele formic

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba formaldehyde into wasabela ngokuba selenium, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwe-sulphuric acid wamandla kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko ethersulfates-4-tetradetsilidioksan. Oku kwaziswa bhaza ebizwa emva kokuba kuqhutywe ukuphilisa barium oxide uba isepha kakhulu. Kubonakala, yintoni le ngozi? Kodwa formaldehyde wongezwa kuluhlu kwezinto ngempahla umhlaza. Nangona iqondo ingozi iye ayasekwa, kuyimfuneko ukuba bathathele ingqalelo into yokuba aldehyde formic obulalayo ukuba izilwanyana. Ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni kwamaziko ezininzi zenzululwazi zehlabathi, ubudlelwane phakathi ukusetyenziswa formaldehyde ekwenziweni Iipeyinti, nentlaka, umqhaphu, iiplastiki, kwaye isenzeko yamathumba umhlaza abantu aba. ubungozi ingakumbi omkhulu wokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza womlomo nasopharyngeal.