AG Venetsianov: imizobo kunye nezihloko kunye neenkcazo

Kukangaphi kugqitywe umsebenzi artist Russian kunye negama sonorous Venetsianov? Paintings ebonisa imiboniso uhlobo ubomi yamahlwempu waza wabiza ekuqaleni womzobo uhlobo ekhaya, isenzeko, nto leyo ekugqibeleni ufikelela kwincopho kwi Ixesha ngabelusi. Kodwa ixabiso italente yobugcisa Venetsianov, isikali ubuntu bakhe waba nefuthe elikhulu kuphuhliso lobugcisa Russian nje kuphela ngendlela yohlobo olulodwa. Oku kube obonakala ingakumbi xa sisondela jonga kwi ngemizobo yakhe.

"Umfanekiso uMama" (1802)

Aleksey Gavrilovich Venetsianov wazalwa ngo-1780 e Moscow merchant usapho, leyo ookhokho zivela eGrisi. Bangena yaseRussia isiteketiso Veneziano, kamva kuyasetyenzwa kwakhona kwi Russian indlela egameni. Xa uThemba waba nomdla ukupeyinta, izifundo zakhe akazange ibonakala abazali kakhulu nantoni na. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto akazange afumane imfundo rhoqo zobugcisa. Kukholelwa ukuba ulwazi lokuqala ubuchule yokudweba wamkela i "guys" - ngutitshala, kwaye umthombo oyintloko imfundo yobugcisa, ezafumana Venetsianov - imizobo ngu ezindala kwiimyuziyam kunye nemisebenzi ngabapeyinti mihla kwi zokuzilungisa neegalari.

Uhlobo iphambili kubugcisa Russian ixesha yaba umfanekiso, ngoko amava yokuqala eyaziwayo yayingumfuziselo Venetsianov ubhekisela kule uhlobo. Oku umzobo ngunina - Anna Lukinichna, nee Kalashnikova.

Lubonakale njenge kodwa luswele nangobungcibi entle ezingamashumi amabini abafana kunzima kangakanani unikwa ugqithiselo-mali ka umoya kunye nokukhanya. Kodwa ke kucacile, nangaphezulu - ukukwazi layo yokukhuphela noburhabaxa ezahlukeneyo amalaphu, ukuzithemba ngokwaneleyo kulo mzobo. Kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - wakwazi ukudlulisela iimvakalelo kwentombi yakhe; abathile ukudideka kunye kwempixano ukusuka kumama isiya indima yakhe ngentlonelo yaye isimo sakhe nokuthantamisa.

"Self-mfanekiso" (1811)

Emva 1802 Venetsianov wafudukela Petersburg, apho uzama ukuba igama wena kunye nokuqala abasebenzisa i-ART ukuze akwazi ukuziphilisa. Kungekudala, ukuba kuyanyanzeleka ukuba bangene kwinkonzo gosa nje kwi-ofisi yeposi. ithamsanqa wamvumela ukuba uqhelane kunye lo mfanekiso ngomzobi odumileyo Vladimir Borovikovsky (1757-1825), ngubani bamdumisa womzobo Venetsianov waza waba umthantamisi wakhe ofundelweyo ebomini. Mhlawumbi ngenxa yempembelelo yakhe Venetsianov kwanezibongozo Academy of Arts zokufumaneka kwesihloko esemthethweni ngumzobi. Ngokutsho yitshata Academy, umfaki-sicelo kwafuneka ntetho ngomsebenzi wabo. Ukuze le njongo Venetsianov ubhala self-ngobude.

Kulo mfanekiso kakade eliphezulu inqanaba lobuchule nobuchule wegcisa. Lo msebenzi oyinyaniso esichanekileyo realist, akanayo touch romantic kunye nezinto nokuhombisa. Kakhulu ukuba yavavanywa kunye nobunzulu nangokwasengqondweni yomfanekiso wadala yi umculi. Apha ingqalelo kwaye kugxininisa lo msebenzi, ngokucacileyo waziva ukuzixabisa.

Venetsianov wayezimisele yiBhodi Academy of Arts kwi "indawo" - omnye kwinqanaba ngokusesikweni emfundo wegcisa wenza kube lula ukufumana isihloko academician emva kokuba umsebenzi owabelwe yiBhodi. Venetsianov yaba academician emva yokubhala elinikiweyo umfanekiso KI Golovachevskogo.

"Barnyard" (1821)

Kungekudala emva kokuba efumene isihloko academician yokudweba Venetsianov wabashiya elikomkhulu, kunye nenkonzo wahlala kwilifa lakhe Safonkovo kwiphondo yaseTver. Apha kudala imisebenzi yakhe ebalulekileyo ukuphila Sasungulwa poetizatsii.

Phambi kokuqala umsebenzi kwi movie "Barnyard," igcisa wayalela ngamakhoboka bakhe ibattery eludongeni ngaphambili kwi njengeshedi enkulu apho mbilu elondolozwe. Wawumisa ngokwakhe umsebenzi yokutshintshela umbono yomgama nobunzulu, ezifana abo wamxabela kuye imizobo ngomzobi French Francois Granet. Ngaphandle olumangalisayo layo ixesha imifanekiso liyancipha kude isithuba, yayintle yahlolisisa Ukubunjwa Eziphosiweyo yokuqala ezintathu ezahlukeneyo IHIV yamanani abalimi kunye nezilwanyana. Zizele ezibalulekileyo yamandulo kunye nemibongo emangalisayo.

Painting bamdumisa koMlawuli Alexander I, wayithengayo evela igcisa, yaye unika umbhali umsesane kunye nekalikedo. It is a bit kwayiphelisa imeko yakhe yemali.

"Ngomhla umhlaba olimekayo. Spring "(1820)

imifanekiso emininzi Alekseya Gavrilovicha Venetsianova epheleleyo iimfihlakalo kunye eemfihlelo ukuba nangoku ezingaphaya zobugcisa zobungcali engahlawulwayo. Loo web encinane (65 x 51cm) kunye negama phantse bottichellievskim nemibongo sound siwenze kunye wobugcisa omkhulu Renaissance. Kukholelwa ukuba kulo mfanekiso - inxalenye series phezu onyaka.

Imeko yabasebenzi yamahlwempu ivela nenyathelo ngokupheleleyo ezingcwele, ingqiqo cosmic. Ngemfano ibhinqa eliselula weza umsebenzi onzima, benxibe iimpahla zabo intle, umntwana esesiphelweni asendle, benza iyelenqe efanayo kwi icon ye Virgin, angabe ezinzulwini mzobo esibuko omnye umlimi - yonke izele iimfihlelo. Uzeleyo kwanokubaluleka lula enkulu, landscape, apho kukho ezi eziqhelekileyo ngexesha umcimbi ofanayo iyingangamsha. Alex Venetsianov ogama imizobo kunzima ukuba kuthiwe uhlobo oluthile, ingqalelo omnye wabaseki landscape Russian zemibongo.

"Abavuni" (1820)

Kodwa uhlobo iphambili kuba Venetsianov Mfanekiso, kwaye umsebenzi omkhulu, ugqiba - yokubonisa umdla wokwenene nentlonelo ngabo imele. Ubugcisa eliphezulu yokudweba edibene conciseness nondiliseko composition komeleza uluvo oluchaphazela Venetsianov umbukeli. Imifanekiso, iinkcazelo ze enesiqulatho nga kuhlangana ebeka embalwa, ebetha Ubunzulu nsimbi, kwanokuba njengamaqhawe abo - abalimi zesiqhelo.

On kwabavuni ngesandla, ikhefu okomzuzwana ukuphumla, wahlala amabhabhathane ezimbini. Ngenxa emagxeni kubo umfana, wayeyithanda ubuhle babo. Artist zipeyintwe phantse hornblende - ucinga amaphiko ngoku lula ukubhabha phezulu kwaye zinyamalale nobushushu ehlotyeni. Njengoko real baphambili - zabo ngobuso, esandleni nempahla yokunxiba. sound Real kunye iimvakalelo evakaliswe umfazana kunye nomntwana, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - ingqiqo uvalo sendlela banconywe Venetsianov.

"Morning mhlaba" (1823)

Venetsianov indima njengoko owaseka ukwahluka uhlobo kwimizobo Russian ayinakuphikiswa. Omnye wabantu bokuqala wazama ukutsalela ingqalelo ubuhle ekhethekileyo bendalo Russian, ehlahla indlela elizayo landscape qwa opeyintayo - Levitan, Shishkin, Kuindji Savrasov. Xa lo mfanekiso uye wabonisa oonobumba ngendlela engaqhelekanga eziphambili - abantu besizwe. Kodwa poetizatsiya Uhlobo nesenzeko kakhulu ezintsha.

Ekukholelwa ukuba namaqhawekazi zenkosi yakhe womzobo wenza umfazi wakhe - uMarta Afanasevnu - namantombazana wakhe serf. Oku kucacisa imvakalelo efudumeleyo etyhutyha ezi zinto ngelaphu. Akukho ukruthakruthwano phakathi yinkosikazi kunye nabakhonzi bakhe nelawula - ungaphezulu njenge ndawo usapho apho mantombazana isidima sabo kunye ubuhle nokuzola. Akukho indima ebaluleke kangako udlalwa kwindawo iifilimu: ngothando ebhaliweyo ngaphandle umxholo ingaphakathi - kakhulu umxhelo - soft, kodwa ukugcwalisa ukukhanya.

"Zakharkov" (1825)

abantwana yamahlwempu - rhoqo abalinganiswa zabantu Imizobo uhlobo, awawubhalayo Venetsianov. Ukupeyinta "Sleeping uMalusi", "Yiyo le batkin kunye isidlo", "Yalusa kunye uphondo" ibonisa ukuba abantwana iikerubhi nemizimba kunye imifanekiso nemizobo odidi - a oonobumba ngokupheleleyo-epheleleyo kunye inencasa yayo, nazo iimvakalelo ezinamandla eziyinxalenye ukuvisisana behlabathi. Leyo Zakharkov - ophambili womzobo Venetsianov. Igama nenkcazelo ezifana nemisebenzi umzobi angaba nokuqonda yakhe ubizo lukatitshala, nto leyo eye ngasekhohlo uphawu Russian nokupeyinta.

Wamangaliswa malunga bayahlelwa abanamakhono ngamakhoboka abantwana bezalwa, xa wabona inkwenkwe iyadi izama ukuyichazela into itshokwe ebhodini. "Yesikolo Venetsianov" Kungekudala lo wazalwa. Ukongezelela ekufundeni izakhono komsebenzi artist, wabanika neyabalimi abantwana ikhusi, wondla kunye wankcenkceshela, abaninzi bazama ukuthenga emva endle. Phakathi abafundi Venetsianov - misebenzi UGrigory Soroka kunye malunga 70 amagcisa, inkoliso yabo abaye baphumelela eMoscow Academy of Arts Fine. Kwizinto ezenziwa esikolweni naniqhubeka phezu kwayo nje inkcaso evela buchopho esemthethweni abo abasinikwa isihloko utitshala wezobugcisa Venetsianov.

"Ngelo ukuvuna. Summer '(182?)

ayikwazi ngokuba ubomi bakhe ikhululekile, bekusoloko ongahluthanga ekubulalekeni kunye neengxaki. Ezothusayo engalindelekanga kwaye ekupheleni kwakhe - Alex Gavrilovic wabulawa 1847 xa ihashe, zinyuswe inqwelo yakhe yokulwa, ngesiquphe kukoyika ubunzima, kwaye uzama ukuyeka kubo, wawa phezu endleleni.

Le umntu ehlabathini, nobunye ubudlelwane bakhe nendalo, kunye lonke ihlabathi elibangqongileyo - mxholo wegcisa Venetsianov umongo engundoqo kunye nexabiso yelifa lakhe, into apho igama lakhe iziqu yi iingcali kunye amateurs yokudweba Russian. Le ukupeyinta, obonisa Umvuni kwisiqalo landscape liyabonakala Russian, kunye nokubaluleka kokuba isithuba - omnye eziphezulu ngomzobi enkulu Russian.