Uxanduva imiphefumlo abaselula - enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ebomini bomntu. Yintoni ekufuneka utitshala utitshala Credo ukuba ube nako ukukholosa ngaye lokuphucula ubuntu? Amalungelo umntwana - kunokuba esikolweni icala kunye nentsimbi ingqeqesho - intsimbi yayisuka Ekuveleni XIX-XX iinkulungwane. Kuye ke ngoko yaba kuqala kuphuhliso ngokubanzi kunye somntu ngobuchule.
amanani Human
Utitshala credo zokufundisa abunjwe hayi nje kuphela ngenxa yeenkolelo zakhe buqu kunye neempawu emntwini. Kakade ke, ukuba sisekelwe phezu zentsulungeko jikelele: uthando, inkxaso, ukuhloniphana, ukusulungeka komphefumlo. enye KD Ushinsky wayesithi ukuba kunzima kakhulu ngakumbi ukufundisa kunokuba ukudlulisa ulwazi, ukufundisa. Ngapha koko, oku kuchaphazela umphefumlo, inkolelo, isazela omnye - abaselula - umntu unelungelo yokuziphatha yaye nguye yedwa umntu osoloko esebenza phezu kwakhe, abe nezinga eliphezulu bokubonisa, yena enyulu entliziyweni. Ngokuxhomekeke ukutshintsha amasiko nezithethe, inkqubo yezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho. Noko ke, isiseko apho utitshala ezizezayo zokufundisa - labuna imilinganiselo yabantu. Ngokukodwa, umthetho-eyaziwa elide zonxibelelwano: Ibhekiselele kuyo kwenye - umntwana - njengoko kuya kufuneka ukuba ndinganenzela ntoni na.
izikolo ezahluka-hlukeneyo nesigama
Izazinzulu, bengqondo kunye nootitshala kubonakala xi ngeendlela zabo neendlela imigaqo ezibe ekufuphi kubo. In yethu imihla utitshala angakhetha ineLifa bulumko, kwakunye nemiqathango. Okukhethwayo, Kakade ke, iya kumiselwa umbono wakhe ehlabathini, ubuntu yokugcina kwakhe. Utitshala credo zokufundisa esikolweni Montessori, umzekelo, isekelwe postulates zilandelayo: ingxelo kwinkqubo yokufunda yokuqulunqa iimpawu lo mntwana, ubuchule bakhe, iimfuno kunye neminqweno. Kufuneka inkxaso uphuhliso wosana, hayi ukuyilwa ngokomfanekiso wakhe nangokufana. Omnye umgaqo obalulekileyo individualization yokufunda; intlonelo indoda encinane; xhomekeko umsebenzi umfundi. Zokufundisa zootitshala Credo Yanusha Korchaka yi inkqubo othwala izithembiso ezinjalo. ingqiqo yalo isekelwe phezu ingcamango oluntu abantwana, nto leyo kuququzelelwa kuze kulawulwe zii nabantwana bebodwa. A indlela efanayo wemfundo efundiswayo zize Anton Makarenko. Oku ikhethekayo ukuyilwa ubuntu ayikho zidityaniswe, kodwa imibutho, ejoliswe sakhane. Kwangaxeshanye, ingqiqo ezi ootitshala zinto ngazo: ukuhlonela abafundi, intembeko phakathi komfundi notitshala. Uthando abantwana ukuba baqaphele kwaye ngoko befuna ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ngokomthetho - ingxoxo yababini, unxibelelwano phakathi kootitshala bokuhlohla kunye zeewadi. Ukukwazi ukuva uze umamele alinikwa bonke.
Ukhetho lwe style zonxibelelwano
Ukususela ngokombono theoretical ezizezayo zokufundisa enkulisa, umzekelo, ekunokuthi kusekelwe phezu nayiphi na ingcamango. Montessori, inkqubo Waldorf Ushinsky okanye Korczak ... Kodwa Kuqeqesho ayinakuba kwenzeka kwi postulates, hayi izilogani mottoes exhonywe eludongeni, yaye ngamadlelane umntwana ethile kunye nabazali bakhe. Zokufundisa credo womntwana kokuya esikolweni kufuneka kukhokelela nje kuphela amandla lwemethodoloji, kodwa a yokuziphatha ngumcebisi. Ukukhetha yayisetyenziselwa uhlobo lonxibelelwano, akanako ukwakha sikholose. ndlela ngegqudu uya gqiba ngamnye umntwana. Kodwa indlela yentsebenziswano zisekelwe kumgaqo "yokufunda efanayo", kuya kukunceda ukuqonda iinjongo zemfundo ngokuyimpumelelo.