Zokuhlanjululwa Amanzi avela isinyithi esinobunzima: iindlela nezixhobo

zokuhlanjululwa Amanzi avela nesinyithi enzima, akukho mathandabuzo, yinto ebalulekileyo ukuze afumane ukulungele-uku-setyenziswa iincoko, ecocekileyo akanangozi fluid yabantu. Ngu enzima na imichiza ukuba babe iipropati ebuntsimbi ngaloo ilifa ubunzima enkulu atomic.

Ziye zaba nempembelelo emibi izinto umsebenzi abantu kunye nezilwanyana, kwaye kananjalo babe impahla lokwandisa kwizigqeba kunye ancedisana umonakalo noqhekeko kwimpilo. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba ukuseka izityalo unyango okucoca amanzi ngentsimbi, ubhedu, ilothe, nickel, zinc, ayibe, imetyhuri, isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, kunye nesilivere.

Imfuneko ukuhluza enjalo ngenxa yokuba ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamanzi mveliso eyahlukeneyo yoxinaniso lwezi methali liphezulu kakhulu stock. Ezingcolisa indalo izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kunye neepropati, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ngamnye iintlobo zazo kuyimfuneko ukubhenela iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo.

zokuhlanjululwa Amanzi avela enzima ngohlobo ion zavezwa imichiza wayicola notshintsho pH eliphakathi ukuya kwinqanaba elifunekayo. Emva kokuba ixabiso PH ka 9.0-10.5 naziphi na iintsimbi baba ezingenakunyibilika kwaye kwenze leyo isuswe kakhulu nje.

Ukukhethwa iikhemikhali, apho iveliswa ngamanzi unyango kwimizi ixhomekeke zinto zilandelayo:

- ubumsulwa efunekayo;

- ingqalelo le engcolisa;

- ubukho okanye ukungabikho ukungcola.

Xa yaguqulelwa insolubilizing kweziyobisi, inyathelo eyahlula kubo, kaninzi usebenzisa ubunzima yokuhlawula yonke intsimbi. Umsebenzi lwenziwa nge ukunisa usebenzisa imigqomo eyodwa apho amasuntswana ezifakwe ziye zishiywe ngenxa kwamanzi omisa. Plus, le ndlela elula wayo kwaye awunayo - uvakalelo oluphezulu yobukho iikhompawundi nendaba ezinokuthi ziphazamise inkqubo isimemezelo. Oku kunokuba isepha, peroxide hydrogen okanye iisepha.

zokuhlanjululwa Amanzi avela enzima nayo ziveliswa ngenye indlela. Ibizwa ngokuba "inwebu", babathwalela ngaphandle ngoncedo lofakelo ezizodwa zokwahlula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emanzini, iinwebu nyulu xiyimiso wentsimbi ayidluli 1 mg ilitha nganye, yaye kwelinye icala lokucoca bahlala bebekelwa enobunzima gelatinous.

Oku le yokucoca amanzi enzima kuthathwa ukuba ngempumelelo kakhulu ithembisa. kwizinga yalo phezulu ngenxa ngokweempawu ezizodwa imifinya, ezifana:

1. selectivity phezulu, ngamanye amazwi, amandla ngenxa yokuzahlula kwezinto iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Le xaka kunye abapase nge-semipermeable ngokwayo amanzi kuphela, ekhulula ngokupheleleyo ezivela ukungcola. Zakutshanje angemi kwelinye icala ndizayo.

2. Le ingxubevange apho ekudibaneni otyhidiweyo ingakumbi amandla kunye nokumelana ukuhlasela imichiza.

3. I-inwebu isebenza ngokufanayo kuphinde kuqaliswe amalungiselelo umsebenzi lonke ixesha lokusetyenziswa. Okuhle kule ndlela kukuba ubumdaka yesinyithi ezifakwe phezu lokucoca kwaye ucingo pores balo ngeendlela ezininzi zisuswe uthe ndizayo.

View zokuhlanjululwa olunjalo inwebu. Le ndlela ungachazwa ukuba nesisombululo (amanzi walihlambela) afaka uxinzelelo amakhulu ngokwayo. Bobubi inkqubo iquka iimfuno kwizinga eliphezulu izinto apho ukucocwa ufakelo ukuntsonkotha yokususa ingqalelo maleko.

isixa esikhulu ulwelo kunye xi esezantsi zesinyithi enzima kuyacetyiswa ukuba nyulu ngotshintshiselwano ion. Njengoko yaziwa, iteknoloji yayo isekelwe ukusetyenziswa nentlaka exchange ion ngenxa ion iintsimbi leyo yande ngaphezulu. Izicwangciso ze le misebenzi ukuvumela ukuba agcine intlaka kangangeminyaka eliqela, ngaphandle caking yabo.

Nangona kunjalo, indlela licokisekileyo zokucoca yeyona uphumezo olunzima kakhulu zobugcisa yonyango elibujikele kunye ultrafiltration. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela isetyenziswa kuphela xa electrolysis kunye electroplating mveliso, amanzi inkunkuma leyo iqulathe ipesenti enkulu izisombululo inkunkuma kunye helanitami ifumile. Kuba umsebenzi onjalo usebenzisa zamandla ezizodwa.