Uphando: jellyfish baphile ngonaphakade?

Uluntu kudala besisoloko sikhangela lichiza ukungafi. ubungqina zakutsha nje lwezenzululwazi lubonisa ukuba iplanethi yethu entle sisidalwa ukuba baphile ngonaphakade. Oku, ibiya kubonakala, siye kudala bafunda kwaye ubone jellyfish, okanye mandithi, isidalwa encinane ebizwa nutrikula. Ingaba ufuna ukufunda ukufumana indlela jellyfish uphila ngonaphakade?

indalo izenze

Medusa nutrikuly Yaziswa lesayensi ixesha elide. Inkcazelo yokuqala yale sidalwa yabonakala kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Veliswa nomjikelo ubomi nutrikuly kakhulu eziqhelekileyo. Njengabo bonke jellyfish, amadlozi kokukhulelwa kwenzeka phezu kolwandle, uze uvule iqanda libe ngumbungu. Ke planuly yandisa kwenzeka ezantsi kwaye ukuyilwa polyp, nto leyo siyahlukana jellyfish ezincinane uphila ngonaphakade. Amafoto ezi zidalwa ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

Yangaphandle umbono jellyfish Turritopsis nutricula ingathi yimimangaliso, kunoko, singatsho ukuba usisidalwa elincinane. Yeyona ubukhulu isambuleli ngaphantsi kwe-5 mm, nto leyo singqongwe Mpondwana ezibhityileyo. In olulele jellyfish kubo 8 kuphela, koko nje umntu omdala uye phezulu ziingceba 100. Kwakhona unalo ndawo limise ebomvu oluthi luqokelelane phakathi neliso izitho zokugaya of jellyfish. Kubelekwa nutrikuly ubukhulu 1 mm.

into emangalisayo

Isiphelo kwenkulungwane lokugqibela yabalasela a wafumanisa. Kubonakala ukuba jellyfish kuphila ngonaphakade. Discovery wenza Italian Fernando Boero. Ukukhetha ehlambulukileyo ilityalwe kanye aquarium, izazinzulu bafumana polyp bezinye iintlanga. Ezi Amahlathi esingaqhelekanga ebefana jellyfish abaye baphila kwi akwariyam, kodwa ngaphandle nemisipha. Le Isazinzulu yagqiba ekubeni uqhubeke experiment, lo gama ezinye izidalwa kwi-akwariyam wafa. Ugalele amanzi olwandle, Boero wayebukele polyp. Emva kwexesha elithile, baqala ukuphuhlisa, yaye ngenxa yoko abazalwa jellyfish ezincinane nutrikuly.

kuye kwaba ebonakala ingenakwenzeka Kukho - nutrikuly wajika umjikelo yayo yophuhliso. kwakusaziwa ukuba zonke jellyfish kuba linyathelo lokugqibela phambi kokuba eli xesha - lesigaba zizalele nakuzo. Uninzi coelenterates izilwanyana, wona kuphela, ukuzalwa amaqanda aqhamileyo okanye iiseli ekhokelela ekufeni kubantu abadala. Yaye sele kukho izilwanyana abaselula, jellyfish kwindawo aguquka abe polyp, kwaye sele bazalwa jellyfish encinane. Ukuvula i Boero umva lonke ulwazi malunga jellyfish. Umzekelo, oosonzululwazi baye bafumana jellyfish uphila ngonaphakade.

umjikelezo

Abameli olu hlobo, njengezinye iintlobo eziphilayo hydroid uvavanyo 2 eqongeni. Eyokuqala iqala kunye nophuhliso imibungu emva kokukhulelwa. Emva koko ke imibungu ezilalisa emazantsi olwandle awayevaleleke kwisithuba apho polyp ibe. Ngoko ke, kukho amathanga lonke jellyfish ngenkangeleko efana osimelela ngentonga okanye iNtonga. Kweli nqanaba lophuhliso polyp benza uhlobo amathambo, kulanyulwe ekupheleni kukho semvelo kunye nemisipha jellyfish iiseli ehlabayo. Ngoko ke, yonke ikoloni unako ukutya izidalwa ezincinane.

Inqanaba lesibini iqala ukwahlulwa polyp jellyfish abaselula. Ngenxa yoko, i-jellyfish encinane aqale ukukhokela eqhelekileyo indlela yobomi. Kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa, ada aya kufika ukuqola ngokwesondo, kwaye yonke inkqubo uyaziphinda. Njani na ukuba eyenzekayo kukuba jellyfish aphile ngonaphakade? Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, jellyfish kufuneka iindlela ezongezelelweyo ukuze kulondolozwe iintlobo.

iimpawu jellyfish

Ukulondolozwa ubomi ezinxulumene ne ukukwazi abantu hydroid kwinkqubo ekuphulukenwe nalo. Kudala kwaziwa ukuba jellyfish ngexeshana elifutshane ixesha ukubuyisela iindawo elahlekileyo omzimba. Ngokomfuniselo wangqina ukuba sika ibe ziingceba jellyfish uyakwazi ukuzala ngokwayo. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba recovery transdifferentiation. Enyanisweni, ukususela kwenye uhlobo iseli nga omnye, nto leyo ethetha ukuba, kwakubekwe, zonke jellyfish baphile ngonaphakade. Nangona kunjalo, la magunya nezinye izinto ezininzi kangaka. Ntulo ngokulula ukukhula wena nomsila entsha, nabaphandi bayakwazi namhlanje iiseli stem ukukhula amalungu ngamnye.

Kodwa ke nokubanako jellyfish nutrikuly ubuyisele wonke umzimba wakho ekhethekileyo ngokwenene. Ikwazi ukuphinda inkqubo inani olungenasiphelo amaxesha kwaye uhlale phakade abatsha. Ezi nkqubo kwaye wanika izazinzulu kwinkolelo ukukholelwa ukuba jellyfish kuphila ngonaphakade.

Namhlanje, izazinzulu ziye ngeliso lokhozi lo hlobo jellyfish ukuba sihlole ngakumbi inkqubo lobomi. On iplanethi yethu emangalisayo, kusekho angaziwa ezininzi ukuze abantu abaye Akukabonakali ke iimfihlelo zabo.