ZIL-170: iinkcukacha neefoto

KamAZ iilori kufuneka ndizibonile zonke. Kwaye igama machine, ifoto leyo ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi? Okufana KamAZ ekhaleni cabover uqwalaselo, ezintathu abantu elorini ... kwaye oonobumba 'ZIL "ekupheleni ngaphambili. Kunjalo, oku ingozi. Kubonakala ngathi le moto ZIL-170 - uhlobo "nguyise" nezithuthi abaphuma ngesango kwi (ezimbaxa izityalo ukuze imveliso iilori "Kamaz") Naberezhnye Chelny isityalo.

Inyaniso kukuba lo modeli ukuya KAMAZ yangoku yokuqala yenzelwe kwenye kwishishini, yaye ngaloo mihla, xa isityalo "Kamaz" akazange ayisekho. Ndifumene umyalelo Plant imveliso. Likhachev ( "ZIL"). Yaba inkampani kuphela ogama imveliso umthamo ngexesha bamlingene. Lo mfuziselo yimpumelelo, kwaye emva kokuqalisa zokulima Naberezhnye iinjineli Chelny wagqiba ukuba akukho mfuneko uzakhe ivili okwesihlandlo sesibini. Le lori lokuqala wehla umgca ibandla, waba iimpawu phantse twatse ukuya ZIL-170 imoto, ifoto apho ubona kolu phononongo.

imbali model

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ngqo nenkcazelo evenini, siphawula ukuba imoto yokuqala weza KamAZ ngaphandle kwamasango mveliso ngo-1977. Le kuphela umahluko bunokubonwa koomatshini mihla, intsimbi izibane eziziingxande, lo gama kungekho odumileyo ngaphantsi ZIL-130 ezifunekayo izibane ngeenxa.

Ngoko ke, kutheni kwi Kamaz yokuqala nezinye iincwadi? Imbali ZIL-170 yaqala kwi 60s lwekhulu yokugqibela, xa Moscow Likhachev Plant wanika ukuze bayile i izithuthi ezintsha impahla enzima. Ngaloo ndlela Minavtoprom wagxininisa iingongoma ezimbini: eyokuqala - elorini kufuneka babe Western (cabover), kwaye eyesibini - kufuneka umisele imveliso kwindawo entsha. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ngaxeshanye, isityalo waba kuphuhliso swing ngokupheleleyo ZIL-130, kwakunye njengemizekelo uvavanyo 3169 ukuze nje ukuze ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno ze-Ofisi yoMphathiswa.

Le moto yaba obunamandla, hayi ngaphantsi imithwalo, kodwa ilori eSoviet bonneted. Kolu thotho, akazange aye. Emva imodeli isityalo ukuba abe ZIL-170. Ibali lendalo Car iqala ngo-1968, xa amasango zesityalo amagqabi yokuqala itrekta cabover (kamva KamAZ-5410). Ngowe-1969 wapapasha inguqulelo yolwazi iilori kunye nezigadla yokulahla (ngokulandelelanayo, KamAZ 5320 no 5510). Kulo nyaka, ukwakhiwa isityalo iqala, obehamba kamva yonke impumelelo ZIL, phantsi igama KamAZ.

Imifuziselo lokuqala inkampani entsha wayenxiba Umfuziselo kwi ukwesona kwisityalo. Likhachev. KamAZ oonobumba (logo ngohlobo ehasheni isebenza owazalwa kamva), ngokutsho legend, wabonakala xa ENEA wabona njengomboniso yokuqala ilori evela kwisityalo kwi Naberezhnye Chelny. Umntu evela entsimini wathi matshini yenziwe kwenye kwishishini, kufuneka kuthwala igama ZIL. Ngenxa yoko, isityalo eMoscow ubuyela kwi iinketho uyilo kwebhonethi, kunye ZIL-170 phantsi igama KamAZ livelise unanamhla.

Protopip

Emva kokufumana lo msebenzi, isityalo "ZIL" uthenge eziliqela iinketho asentshona ekugqibeleni sahlala omnye. Baba imveliso International American.

endlwaneni imoto entsha ukufumana uxande okanye ngaphezulu kancinane yakuqala, kunye ifascia amahle ngaphambili kunye izibane dual setyhula. Omnye umahluko ukusuka American iye yaba ukuvela amabhanti ukuba umqhubi kunye umkhweli omnye (indawo umkhweli wesibini sele wabonakala phezu Kamaz.) Ukususela kwase wayethabathe amandla esungulayo kunye ingcamango yokuba inkqubo brake multi-wesekethe.

icandelo amandla

Ngowe-1969, isityalo injini e Yaroslavl wafumana omnye umyalelo - ukuphuhlisa uze ukukhulula iinjini for imoto entsha. Nale injini entsha kufuneka ibe namandla ngokwaneleyo - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-200 iilitha. a., kuba imoto ziya supersize. Yaroslavl thaca inguqulo YaMZ-6E641, oko iinjineli ziye zaphuhliswa PPC YaMZ-E141. Yaba yokuqala ye-injini kwi ZIL-170. I-injini bekufuneke ukuba isizukulwana yesibini ngo-1970, njengoko inkqubo ibhaqa yingxaki enkulu.

Le lori entsha imodeli injini wavuka shunqulelo YaMZ-740. Kanye lwalo yokuqala, kwaba-8-itankana diesel injini kunye umthamo seelitha ezili-10 kunye ezimile V- ilungiselelo cylinder. umthamo balo iilitha 210. a. Ukuba sithethe ngemilinganiselo 'Yuro', oko kukuthi imithetho akungekwazeki ukuphendula, kodwa ngo-1970 yaba ukhetho elungileyo kakhulu, yaye nguye lowo phezu iilori ZIL-170.

iimpawu technical

abayili banikwe ekuqulunqweni ukuba: kuqala, umatshini kufuneka emanyeneyo ngokwaneleyo, yaye okwesibini, kufuneka zibandakanye bonke (okanye phantse yonke) uphuhliso olutsha baloo maxesha. Enye yezi izinqumo ukosuleleka. Yaroslavl wanikela ibhokisi yayo 5 ngezantya. Abayili belisebenzisa, kodwa wongezelela nomabi, oko kukhokelele ekwandeni kwenani ngezantya ukuya ku 10. prototype, uze imveliso mass waba 10 amagiya phambili 2 umva.

circuit ehlukanisayo waba entsha ngokufanelekileyo kodwa ilula kakhulu - amanyathelo-2 kuphela. Inqanaba lokuqala yaba ukuqukwa ngqo - njengoko wenziwe phezulu ezintlanu, kwaye eyesibini inyuswe, ukuze ukuba kunokwenzeka kuquka 6 kunye ezilandelayo. Le ehlukanisayo kwakhona wasebenza kwicala umva, isantya omnye - "ngaphandle kwebhokisi", kwaye eyesibini - ngokuthi kwakwenze inxaxheba.

Axels

Kwakhona, omnye wemiqathango ngentla ukuze yayiza kuba izinga 6x4-3 nezamazembe, amavili 6, ezimbini drive axis. ezintsha ziye isetyenziswe apha. I-asi yokuqala neyokugqibela waba emigodini zabo drive, lo gama i-avareji yafakwa nge umahluko iziko.

amafutha

Enye yemisebenzi emitsha, nto leyo ke kudlule libe lilifa, kumazibulo isityalo esitsha - nto leyo amafutha ubuncinane. Truck ZIL-170 uthatha ezingama neelitha 34 100 km. Ezi zikhombisi kusenjalo unanamhla phakathi angaphantsi kwanala aphakathi esikhundleni izithuthi heavy-umsebenzi eklasini yayo.

ongakhetha zangaphandle

Ethetha iingcombolo zangaphandle kumatshini, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele iingongoma eziliqela. Le moto kuba elinzima-kwaye ukhetho lokuqala ubunzima bomzimba iitoni 8 of wayenokuthabatha iitoni 6 imithwalo. Kwase ilori flatbed kunye tarpaulin, kodwa emva kokuba waya kunye neelori, yaye alahle iilori. Nangona kunjalo kakhulu uphuhliso kwezi iinguqulelo beza sele isityalo Naberezhnye Chelny. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukuchaza uthabathe eyayifakwe version. Zonke Ipharamitha ZIL-170 zibonisiwe kule nkqubo uchazwe apha ngasentla.

dimensions Main, ezibe efanayo zonke koomatshini, asinibhaleli ngokwahlukeneyo. Iyonke ubude - 7435 mm, umgama ukusuka ngesivuno kwiziko ivili yokuqala - 1275 mm phakathi nezamazembe zamavili angasemva - 1320 mm, ukusuka phambili ukuya ngasemva lamaziko - 3190 mm. ububanzi Lilonke - 2500 mm, phakathi avuthayo asi enye - kancinane ngaphezu kwama-2000 mm. Apho isibini ngasemva asi ngakumbi - 4 on yevili ngalinye.

Unga kwakhona ziquka i radiator grille iimpawu idatha lwangaphandle ilungelo eliphezulu isiphelo ngaphambili, apho ilifa KamAZ, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi bazifezekisayo iimfuneko zamazwe ngamazwe, efana lacing emazantsi wentente.

isiphelo

"ZIL" yaba isityalo kuphela eSoviet Union, ogama uphuhliso, ngokubandakanyeka thotho, yaba gqolo yimpumelelo njengokuba, umzekelo, i-ZIL-130. imifuziselo abaninzi emva kwakukho ngamahlumela ukusuka kuthotho engundoqo (131, 132, 133 540). Ngoko ke waqalisa kunye ZIL-170. Kuba ukukhululwa kwezi iinguqulelo baye bakha yonke isityalo. Iimoto lokuqala uphuhliso lwamashishini amatsha uphinda "ZIL", kodwa kamva yaba umatshini eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Noko ke, bobabini bafumana izicelo zabo kushishino mihla.