"Lorry" ndingaz-AA. Imbali, ukucaciswa, iimpawu

Gaz-AA, "lori", umatshini edume kwangaphambili-imfazwe kunye lemfazwe, yacula e-Gorky Automobile Plant ngo-1932. Le modeli prototype isekelwe elorini American, "Ford AA" ngo-1930, apho wayithengayo eSoviet Union yi nesivumelwano se layisenisi lowo. Ngoko ke 'a' lori "ndingaz-AA, ethe yafakelwa yala maxesha amaxesha amaninzi. design Car yayilula nethembekileyo. Ngelo xesha, ishishini imoto yiSoviet isanda yayo mvume ayibizi ukuvelisa truck iye yaba luncedo kakhulu.

Ukuba nokwenzeka kwisityalo Gorky ngokwemiqathango yezixhobo zobugcisa baba phezulu, ngoko loo imveliso wagqiba ukubaleka kwi igesi. Akumangalisi, izithuthi iveliswayo mvume yaseMelika, ngokukhawuleza wafudukela ukuqinisekisa izakhi zasekhaya. Kwaba lula ukuba iyunithi emhlabeni kunokuba ukuwumisa phesheya ulinde iinyanga izinto ezithile. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo ibandla, "lori" uye imibulelo zonyango ezihambele phambili ukuya iinzame zokuba iinjineli Soviet.

kwempucuko

"Lorry" ndingaz-AA waya imveliso ngoJanuwari 1932, kunye nemoto iivenkile ibandla Gorki nangoko wabonisa izinga eliphezulu yokukhululwa kwayo lori. Usuku bemka yokuthutha iimoto 60, kwaye uhlala kukukhawuleziswa enokubakho. Inguqulelo eSoviet yahlukile imodeli American, iqela parameters. Kunokuba tin yamiselwa uphosa crankcase clutch Indlela esungulayo Screw kuqiniswe le isiBeki filter umoya efakiweyo. Umzimba kanye kwakhona iyilwe, kwi-ibhodi ukhetho yayenzelwe ngemizobo zasekhaya. Kamva, abayili Soviet waba yokulahla ukhetho "lori" eyodwa, nto leyo azakubalulwa yinto yokuba umzimba akazange ukuba yokuchitha. Umthwalo sicaca phantsi ubunzima bayo kwindawo ngokukhethekileyo kubalwa emazantsi umzimba. Kwanele ukuba ukuvula emacaleni.

chassis

uyilo kumiswe i diff "lori" kwakuyinjongo engaqhelekanga. imithombo semi-okweqanda ibekwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo, phambi asi diff neyophahla ukuze isenzo sabo lokuyimfihlo lever kuthatha isimilo. Ngalo isakhiwo, ukunqunyanyiswa ngasemva yaba kakhulu compact ngakumbi kwaye manufacturable xa kuthelekiswa ne emithonjeni epheleleyo okweqanda. Kodwa lo uyilo yaba ethile omnye - xa elekhtrons iibhloko kunye imithombo ezithathwe phezu imithwalo ezininzi yaye ngokufuthi lutshitshe. Stepladders kise spring leaf ekuqaleni ukuya kuthelekiswa esqwini longitudinal.

indlu ngomthi

Ngokupheleleyo iindawo zemveliso yiSoviet of "lori" ndingaz-AA wadibana ukususela 1933. imoto yokuqala Cab eyenziwe ngomthi, kwaye ukusukela 1934 kumatshini sifakelwe imodyuli yentsimbi nophahla ngelaphu.

Tech truck ndingaz-AA yakhiwa kwi ekunqunyanyisweni isakhelo-uhlobo isisu semoto, amagqabi-emthonjeni. Ukungabikho epheleleyo absorbers kukothuka wenza ekuqhutyweni umatshini ezingazinzanga kunye ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, le moto eyenziwa ngempumelelo imisebenzi kwi nokuthuthwa eyonakalayo kunye kuyekwe kunqabile. Motors "GAS-AA" ruggedness ezahlukeneyo kunye maintainability eliphezulu. Abanako ukusebenza kwi mveliso ezininzi ephantsi-grade petroleum, libya-octane zepetroli separafini, nkqu ngexesha eshushu.

ukushiyeka

Ingongoma "lori" olubuthathaka kakhulu yaba starter kunye ibhetri. ubomi babo okumenza ifikelele isiqingatha sonyaka, ngoko ke iyunithi ngaphandle kwenkqubo, kwaye ibhetri kwafuneka zizakulungiswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo imoto inxeba phezulu ngesiphatho.

Enye ingxaki ebalulekileyo ukusebenza ndingaz-AA ibisoloko ukunqongophala nokoyika amavili. Ndaye ndafikelela kwinqanaba lokuba le asi ngasemva emotweni yafakwa kunye amavili amane akakho, njengoko ilele phezu kwesi yokundwendwela, kodwa ababini kuphela, ngenxa yoko bawa umthamo umatshini.

Ukanti, "lori" yaba imoto kakhulu ezinkulu yiSoviet kwi eyandulela nemfazwe iminyaka. Gaz-AA lwalusetyenziswa uphuhliso kancincane - baba ambulensi, amatanki ezahlukeneyo, ukukhanya kunye ufakelo yiacoustic, balungise mobile "looding iphaphazela", anti-igesi, ucoceko kunye nococeko avtolaboratorii, oonomathotholo kunye nonomathotholo yokulumkisa kwangethuba, isikhululo ezibiza kunye Air nokukhanya ukuqala units.

update

Ngowe-1938, i "lori" ndingaz-AA wavuka injini entsha ndingaz-MM umthamo kwezingama-50. s., apho de koko lwabekwayo uluntu imoto "Molotovets-1" phantsi isiqu ndingaz-M1. Ukongeza injini "lori" ziphuculwe yafakwa nge akumgangatho steering kunye umphini kwi iibheringi inaliti. Chassis yaba ngumthombo ngaphandle absorbers kukothuka.

Ekubeni "lori" - tech imoto, yaye ukukhululwa yayo wamiswa ngexesha elifutshane, imodeli uye waba sele kuqoqosho eSoviet. Ngelo xesha, imoto zithwele amandla ngaphakathi kwiitoni 1.5 kwakujongwa kwanele. Ngelo xesha lokuvuna kuyo endle ukhupha amakhulu iimoto ngokukhawuleza wayethabatha isivuno ukuze kungonakali waza wabuyela ezothutho motor. Car "lori" njengento isithuthi ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Yena a inkathazo-free kunye esezantsi-mali yesondlo sabantwana.

Car "lori", iinkcukacha

oomatshini Layout: perednemotornaya, RWD.

Imilinganiselo kunye parameters ubunzima:

• ubude Vehicle - 5335 mm;
• ukuphakama - 1870 mm;
• ububanzi - 2030 mm;
• ukucoca komhlaba, kugqitywe - 200 mm;
• wamavili - 3340 mm;
• Ukuvimbela ubunzima - 1750 mm.

isityalo amandla

It has ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• brand injini - "ndingaz-A ';
• uhlobo - zepetroli;
• uqwalaselo - ezine-cylinder, ngo-line;
• umthamo ukusebenza - 3285 cc / cm;
• iyohluleka - iilitha ezingama-40. p.;
• torque - 1200 Rev / min kwi 165 NM;
• cylinder ubukhulu - 98,43 mm;
• ucinezelo ratio - 4,22;
• Stroke - 87 mm;
• Okupholisa inkqubo - amanzi;
• intloko cylinder - yentsimbi;
• cylinder block - yentsimbi;
• inani imijikelo - 4;
• santya siphezulu - km 70 / h;

Unikezelo - manual,-isantya ezine gearbox.

"Lorry" - umatshini jikelele

Ngaphandle kwe yesiqhelo imoto kwi-ibhodi ndingaz eveliswe tipper loguqulelo GAS-C1. Umgaqo ukusebenza kwalo matshini kwakunzima engaqhelekanga. Umthwalo emzimbeni ekuqaleni ibekwe ukuze ubunzima bayo licinezelwe ukuya kwicala emva, nto leyo itshixiwe yi isingxi elula. Umlayishi kunye umqhubi ivula yokutshixa, kunye nezinto zokwakha mass phantsi ubunzima bayo nalwa ngaphandle. Ngoko ke umzimba engenanto kwakhona ivaliwe kwi lock.

"Indlela Yokuphila"

Ngomhla inxaxheba ndingaz-AA ( "lori") kwimfazwe 1941-1945 ebhaliweyo oluninzi iincwadi. Kodwa indlela ubalulekileyo yimbali apho eyayihamba imoto edume waba 'indlela yobomi ", wayibeka phezu umkhenkce of Lake Ladoga. Oku kuphela indlela edibanisa iLeningrad bayingqinga kunye nehlabathi ngaphandle.

Ice ababenokuyidlulisela kuphela ukukhanya ndingaz-AA. Military "lori" kunye izibane anombala ngobunono kuhamba umgama phantsi umlilo zokudubula yaseJamani, beninikela ukutya njengomzi ongqingiweyo. cars abaninzi baya phantsi ngumkhenkce, kodwa wasindiswa, sibulela okungakuncinananga ukusungula edume "lori" sixeko.

Emva kokuqalisa yeSibini yeHlabathi leMfazwe Gorky Automobile Plant iqalile ekuvelisweni iilori emkhosini ifomu lula. Uphethwe ukunqongophala metal ebandayo-liqengqiwe, kunye nokungabikho ezininzi. Emkhosini "lori" akabanga iingcango - screens ngelaphu endaweni ifakiwe, amaphiko ngaphambili ezenziwa zokuxhoma oluqhelekileyo yentsimbi. Iziqhoboshi kuphela ezintendeni ngasemva, azigubungela indlela okuphambili omnye. Udonga icala lomzimba musa nihlale.

End of production

Kuphela ngo-1944 isithuthi wathabatha uhlobo eqhelekileyo, kwakukho izivalo iinkuni, iziqhoboshi ngaphambili, le isibane yesibini kunye enezinto icala. Emva kwemfazwe,-wavelisa ngokutsha "lori" kukuninzi, kuba ilizwe waba imfuneko yokuhamba. production ndingaz-AA yaqhubeka de 1956. Kwaye endleleni, lezi zimoto zinokubonakala ukuya 1960 yokuqala ngoxa koomatshini abadala abazange indawo ndingaz-51.