Zengca aphe: Inkcazo

Imfuyo - enye kwamasebe ezibalulekileyo kwezolimo. Eyona njongo ephambili kukuqinisekisa isigebenga (emhlabeni wonke) izilwanyana zasekhaya kwalusa. Not indima mncinane ekucombululeni le nzima umdlalo ngxaki cereals wefula. Ezahlukahlukeneyo, ixabiso lesondlo, izityalo nabalulamileyo telela lo mba.

cereals

usapho ingca inamalunga asixhenxe anamashumi mathandathu kwisizukulwana kwaye ngaphezu kwama elinanye ezinesiqingatha amawaka iintlobo. Bona engenamsebenzi ezahlukeneyo:

• ukutya (ingqolowa, irye, kunye nabanye);
• ezidla (Timoti, libhoma ingca , njalo njalo)
• isetyenziswe njengendawo izinto zokwakha (bamboo);
• bulingane (ibungu);
• njengendlela yokulwa ukhukuliseko lomhlaba (inkqubo ingcambu yenza kube lula ukulungisa ngquzu zentlabathi);
• lawn (apho kuyimfuneko ukumelana kugco-);
• zokuhombisa (isikakhulu umhombiso iiloni enkulu okanye neepaki).

Okuziinkozo inokufana ukhula. Luhlala izityalo, imiyezo, izikali ezinye izityalo ezilinyiweyo. A ummeli abadumileyo lesingqengqelo. Nangona le imifuno udla ukuchetywa ngenxa ifula, yaye sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ihashe lokuzala.

Eneneni, ukutya izityalo utyani - eli utyani yentsapho okuziinkozo, ezo zisetyenziswa izilwanyana kwemfuyo yasefama. Oku ifula, ubophe eluhlaza, utyani, silage okanye ingqolowa.

Bona saa kwihlabathi jikelele, akhule ngokugqibeleleyo onke amazwekazi, kuquka Antarctica. Le kwadityanwa ebizwa iinwele ingca Antarctic, okanye Deschampsia Antarctica, kwaye zidweliswe - bluegrass ngonyaka. ERashiya, phantsi izilimo ihlala malunga-30% ye-ozozogidi. Luphawu kusetyenziswa emadlelweni zendalo kunye belima.

Kunzima ukuba zazi ukubaluleka okuziinkozo. Basimisela umthombo, ukutya ezixabisekileyo zizondlo kuzo zonke iintlobo imfuyo. Kunzima ukwenza ukutya oluthembekileyo ukungabikho okanye ukunqongophala engca zendalo kunye namadlelo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa lihlwayelwa zengca wefula. Xa namahlathi sebenzisa ubuchule zabo, beyijika ubume lwemichiza yentlabathi, nawenza ngayo kunye nokwandisa imveliso yezityalo ezilandelayo.

iintlobo zengca

Usapho ukutya feed amelwe inani elikhulu lezityalo. Baye ukuhlelwa ezininzi:

• okulindeleke:

- annuals;

- ixesha elide;

• ngohlobo tillering:

- kumila;

- ryhlokustovye;

- plotnokustovye;

• Ukuphakama nengca:

- Horse;

- poluverhovye;

- i aphantsi;

• ngokuba engqondweni:

- namasiko;

- zasendle.

Inkcazo cereal:

• Stem. culm ekuthiwa, ngokuqhelekileyo ezibuhlazarha, iindawo uphuphu. Ngokusisiseko, ithambile izihlunu neodrevesnevevshaya, kodwa kukho kwakhona umthi-ezifana imilo - uqalo. Sikhula ngokukhawuleza, owawufikelela kubude obumalunga neemitha ezingama-30.
• Imilibo. Ingaba kwezityalo kunye okuzala. Eyayizalwa zone yokudubula okanye tillering.
• Ihamba. Nciphisa, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle Isiqu sessile, lobufazi ayikho ivaliwe. Suka node nganye nganye, enye kwenye. Ezicwangciswe imikrozo emibini malunga esiqwini.
• Roots. inkqubo ezinezikhondo ngempumelelo afunxa kwaye oqokelela amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Yokudubula. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi: panicles, iindlebe, iindlebe, emasondweni eengubo zabo, lukhuphe (spike panicles). yokudubula Itotali yenziwa iintyatyambo ezininzi.
• Flowers. Ngokuqhelekileyo hermaphroditic (equlethe i pistil kunye stamens), ukungaqapheleki, ezincinane, akukho perianth gca. Self- okanye umoya-sukube.
• Fruit. Wabiza inani ngokokuma kwento (ekudla - ingqolowa), pericarp separable ngenkankulu ukusuka imbewu, yamaqanda - Single Jack (enye Ovule na umngxuma enye).

ukuzala kwezityalo kwenzeka, iimbewu okanye usebenzisa rhizomes.

angehli

Angehli ezidla ingca ikhula kumadlelo zendalo kunye hayfields, esetyenziswa kwimixube. Abameli lokhwalimanzi, imicinga, uTimoti, brome, beardless, foxtail kunye nabanye. Buyakwazi ngempumelelo yaye isivuno phezu namaxesha eziliqela. oko ngenani leminyaka:

• bokuphila amancinci - iminyaka 2-3;
• avareji ixesha elide - iminyaka 4-5;
• ixesha emi - ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5.

Zonke ezidla angehli iintlobo zengca cross-ukuhlakanipha. Wind uvuvuzelo ukuba kwenzeka iiyure kusasa. Kuba zengca udla imbewu osypaemost.

Annuals

zengca ezidla yonyaka unyaka omnye. Abameli eli qela zezityalo ziquka yokothuka, umbona, Sudan ingca, ngca yonyaka, neyeeperile amazimba, amazimba, i-oats kunye nabanye.

Ngokufuthi luhlwayelwa ukwakhiwa kwimixube, ezifana amazimba ukuvunwa silage. Sudan ingca unika unikezelo ogqwesileyo hay ezinomthamo high protein. Isidumo lubonise kwi isakhiwo ibhanti eluhlaza. Baqale ekucoceni ngexesha ejection of panicles, ityiwa zonke iintlobo wokufama. izilwanyana neentaka.

zasendle

zengca ezidla kungaba zasendle. Ezi zityalo ezisasazwa kwi emathafeni kunye ihlathi emathafeni imimandla. Bona omnye iintlobo eziphambili ukutya, hayi kuphela izilwanyana ifama, kodwa kananjalo ungulates zasendle. iingcambu ezinezikhondo ngokuthembekileyo ugcina emhlabeni, ukugcina babeziindleko ezinkulu emathafeni ngohlobo yayo yoqobo.