Yintoni na kwintetho yethu? Amagama, amabinzana, izivakalisi, kunye nezimbo intetho

abantu bakudala ukuza kanye magama ukubonisa oku okanye kweso sifundo. Ngoko kwabonakala ukuba avumele indoda ukuba ukubaleka baphume kwihlabathi ubulolo kunye nokungahoyi. Kamva umbhalo lowo, yaye uluntu iye yakwazi Kwathi ulwazi lwabo. Ukususela ekusekweni igama yokuqala ixesha elide. Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo malunga yintoni ngolwimi lwethu, kuyimfuneko ukudlulisela ezininzi amacandelo.

isingeniso

Ilungu iphambili ulwimi ilizwi. Ukususela amagama ukwakha izivakalisi, apho ukwazi ukuqhuba ingxoxo, babhale izincoko. oluthethwayo nolubhalwayo - Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zentetho zilula. Ngamnye kubo indlela yayo yokuthetha. Njengoko le ndoda endala "ekhula" intetho yakhe, into inkqubo yoqeqesho enye ufunda amagama ezitsha, nto leyo evumela ukuba enze intetho yakhe luphuhle igcwaliswe.

Ngelo xesha kwakukho aluzange ukubhala, abantu baye waqamba ezintle amavo, amabali, amabali, iingoma ezixoxa ukuba enye kwenye. Ngoko ke, nanamhlanje, ukuba kulondolozwe ilifa lemveli lenkcubeko, ekuthiwa lobuciko ngomlomo. Emva koko isikolo abantwana bafundiswa ukuba babhale kuphela izinto ezibalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Kwaye makhe babo baye kudlule ixesha elininzi kwaye kunzima ukuchaza ngokufutshane oko kwintetho yethu, kodwa imigaqo yalo engundoqo kunye namasebe yahlala injalo.

igama

Enye yeendima zentetho na ilizwi. Le yunithi incinane lungelelanisa, ukukhomba into ethile okanye amanyathelo. Amagama angasetyenziswa wedwa okanye ngolwimi lungelelanisa beqhuba. Ngamafutshane, amagama ukwenza isivakalisi. Lo ngomnye weyona milenze ibaluleke gqitha kuyo yokuthetha, nto leyo iba inani iipropati:

• Igama noxinezeleko engundoqo.
• Athwala ixabiso ethile.
• Xa uhlobo intsingiselo lungelelanisa ubonisa ngokoqobo.
• Iyunithi elizimeleyo, apho umntu odlala, kunokuba ukuziqambela ezabo.
• Ncokola ise kwisivakalisi kwaye zingasetyenziswa njenge kwingxelo eyahlukileyo.
• Siqulathe morpheme (iiyunithi incinane kolwimi, ezo ungaphulwa naziphi na izinto).
• Yiba isakhiwo engekho separability.
• Kudityaniswe enye iseti nganye imithetho zegrama.
• Nokudlulisela ulwazi oluthile ezikhoyo ifomu eziphathekayo.

banikele

Umntu unako ukusebenza okubhaliweyo uthethe amazwi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa xa usebenzisa kubo ngokwahlukileyo, ngaphandle iinyanda weendawo, ngoko akukho mntu uya kuba nako udlulisele ulwazi olufunayo. Hi xikombiso, u nga ha ku: "I-bume, ulwandle, uloliwe, intsapho." Kuya kuba nje iseti yamagama abamele amacandelo ahlukeneyo obomi bomntu. Kodwa ukuba okukanye kunye, ufaka izalathandawo ezimbalwa kunye nesenzi, ngoko sifumana: "NgoLwesithathu, intsapho waya elwandle ngololiwe." Oko kukuthi, ukufumana umyalezo olufanelekileyo ulwazi. Le miyalezo ibizwa ngokuba iziphakamiso, iiyunithi zeelwimi eziququzelelwe ngokwegrama amagama ambaxa.

Phrase and isivakalisi esinye

Amacebiso kuba lula okanye ezintsonkothileyo. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka iimpawu zabo, kuyimfuneko ukuba banikele ingqalelo nomqondo onjalo, njengoko ibinzana. Le ephindeneyo ngakumbi ngokwegrama amagama amacandelo zesindululo ezinxulumene.

Kodwa esiwasebenzisayo ukuba:

• Intloko nesivisa.
• iindawo eyohlobo yesivakalisi.
• Yayiyindlela.

eli binzana basoloko bexakaniseka ngezivakalisi ezilula. izivakalisi ezilula ezahlukileyo oluntsokothileyo bubukho sikhokelo lwegrama enye kuphela (intloko nesivisa). izivakalisi ezimbaxa kufuneka iziseko eziliqela ntetho. Ngamafutshane, le izithembiso complex Ziqulethe uluhlu ezilula ezimbalwa. Enyanisweni, oku konke oko kwintetho yethu, ngokwemiqathango lwesakhiwo.

style

Luquka ezi zindululo. Kodwa loo nto bonke. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, izindululo ukutshintsha isandi yabo indlela yokudlulisela ulwazi. Ngoko ke, ngaphakathi intsingiselo zesindululo inye idlalwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. iindlela ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuba izimbo zentetho. Ngamafutshane, le ntetho ithetha, vozniknuvshey kwinkqubo yophuhliso. Bona asetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana. Eyona izimbo eziphambili zentetho - is:

• style Scientific - isetyenziswa ukuthumela imiyalezo umxholo lwezenzululwazi. Ababhali yalo stilya- izazinzulu okanye iingcali kwintsimi ethile.
• Ngokusemthethweni - ishishini Thiel - ezisetyenziswa kunxibelelwano kushishino, kwi indlela esesikweni. Ngale isimbo ngokusemthethweni amaphepha. Kwakhona ukuze balungele isimbo uphawuleka clichés ngomlomo.
• style Journalistic - ifumaneka kumajelo eendaba (amanqaku, iingxelo, izincoko, udliwano-ndlebe, njl ...). Kuba style luphawulwa ubukho isigama kwezentlalo nezopolitiko, umdlalo ngokweemvakalelo.
• nebuncoko - isetyenziswe ukutshintshiselana ulwazi ngomoya ngokungacwangciswanga. Liyaphila novakalelo.
• style Artistic - ufumaneka kule ncwadi. osemqoka yayo engundoqo - ukuveza izinto ezilula ngokusebenzisa izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo lweelwimi.

Sinokuthi amagama kunye nezimbo yokuthetha zibumba unit ezingundoqo zokunxibelelana. Kodwa umyalezo ulwazi ngokupheleleyo kufuneka ukwazi malunga nemithetho kunye nenkcubeko yokuthetha. Kwaye kuya kuba mnandi ukukhankanya indlela zentetho njengento esisiseko, nto leyo enika unxibelelwano yobuhlakani.

imizwa ulwimi

Ngokusebenzisa ibinzana ulwimi kuthetha ezo izixhobo osebenza oko, nokuba incoko okanye umsebenzi obhalwayo, eqaqambileyo, inemibala, lungelelanisa novakalelo ngokweemvakalelo. izixhobo ezinjalo engumfuziselo zesimbo neendlela ezityhutyhayo.

Umendo zibizwa ngokuba indlela yokuthetha ezikuvumela ukuba usebenzise amagama namabinzana ngengqiqo yokomfuziselo. Bona akhiwa ngokuhlanganisa iziganeko ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, leyo, nangona abanye usondele, yaye umqondiso isenzeko inye ichazwe kwenye, ukudala yena umfanekiso luphuhle. Ngenxa yoko, kwintetho kukho imixube emitsha kunye nezinye iimfundiso. Ngokomzekelo, imbongi yathi, "elide kwemicimbi indlela" endaweni "umkhumbi".

Neendledlana inokuba elula okanye ezintsonkothileyo. Ngokumane ziquka:

• Ukuthelekisa - izinto uthelekiso okanye iziganeko kubonakaliswa ukusetyenziswa "njengoko kunjalo" umanyene "like", njalo njalo ..
• Walithiywa - ukuzimisela ukuba likubona imifanekiso olukhulu imvakalelo.

ezityhutyhayo ezicela umngeni kukhona ngaphezulu:

• Isikweko - esikhundleni igama omnye kunye nomnye, efanayo iipropati ( "cwaka").
• Tiga - igama shintsho contiguity.
• Synecdoche - sebenzisa yinxalenye njengesifundo igama, yaye vice versa.
• Ukuchaza - indlela yokubonisa kwezinye imifanekiso obugcisa, ezifana isikali amele ubulungisa.
• Indida - uhlekisa. Eli gama lisetyenziswa ngendlela izuza intsingiselo eyahlukileyo.
• Isibaxo - ubaxo enkondlo.
• Litotes - yintetha olomeleleyo.
• Ngenye - amagama okanye amabinzana ukutshintshwa ukuze aphephe kophindo.

Njengoko for the amanani zesimbo, kubhaliwe kwi indlela slovooboroty.

Culture yokukhuluma

Umbhalo olithethileyo ingabi yindlela ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yokuvakalisa zolwimi, kunjalo, yaye ayikho ngaphandle imithetho. Ukusuka kwindlela abantu yokunxibelelana, uyakwazi ukubona ubume bayo. Oku uyakwazi tyhala interlocutor okanye ukutsala uvelwano kwakhe. Ukongeza enhle, umntu kufuneka abe nakho ukumamela kwaye ukuphazamisa interlocutor.

Yokuziphatha ezinxulumene ngentetho, inzima kakhulu ukuze abonakale nangakumbi. Imithetho ephambili intetho zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Koomofu - kubhetele ukuba xanisa interlocutor kwemfuneko lwamagama musa ukwenza ulwazi luncedo.
• Injongo - phambi kokuba uqalise incoko, kufuneka ukuqonda injongo apho kwenziwa.
• Ezahlukeneyo - ibali elifanayo elinokubaliswa abantu ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngamnye.
• Akwenzeki ukuba baphendule krwada ukuba krwada.
• Kulungile ukugcina imikhwa yakho intetho, umntu lamkele isimbo incoko, ulahlekelwa "Mna" lakhe.

isiphelo

Eli nqaku unika impendulo yalo mbuzo: "Yintoni na kwintetho yethu?" Amacandelo ezingundoqo zokunxibelelana - magama kunye izivakalisi abantu babelane imiyalezo ulwazi. Ukongeza, thina, nokuba zibhaliwe okanye ngomlomo, kufuneka ube sisityebi kunye eliqaqambileyo. Ngenxa yokuba intetho kunye neendlela ezizodwa ezisetyenziswayo, enika iinkcukacha owomileyo imvelaphi lwesiqulatho ngokweemvakalelo. Ilungu lesithathu intetho - nenkcubeko yalo. Nangona kunjalo, oku ngumba nje luluvo, nto leyo ngokubonakala ngamnye.