Yintoni na amathanga Spanish? Inkcazelo, imbali umdla facts

A ikoloni eSpeyin de kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, ithatha inxalenye ebalulekileyo yelizwe. UMbuso Spanish wayengomnye ithi zinamandla feudal yexesha elidlulileyo. amazwe Active kunye ezifunyaniswe yendawo kakhulu nempembelelo uphuhliso yembali yabantu. Conquest ngayo uphuhliso ezenkcubeko, aweelwimi kunye zonqulo iintlanga ezininzi.

ngumba ikoloni

De kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesine, Spain ngokwakhe wayemlwela inkululeko yawo. Ukususela kumzantsi mpuma lizwe baqhubeka ukufika Moor kunye Saracens. ekugqibeleni eminyaka yomzabalazo baphela ukugxothwa yokugqibela Arabhu ukusuka lizwekazi. Kodwa emva kokuphumelela nje wavula ezininzi iingxaki. Ulwa kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela, Spain udale imiyalelo ezininzi zokulwa, yaye amajoni ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba nayiphi na ilizwe yaseYurophu. Abalawuli of the Habsburg ubukhosi wayesazi ukuba kungekudala iza kukhokelela uvukelo lwentlalo. Le ngozi inkulu, ngenxa babo, oonyana abangenamihlaba aselula Knights - Hidalgo.

Okokuqala, ukuba ukwalathisa unxano zabo ubomi obungcono kwicala elifanelekileyo kuRhulumente, yenkolo ukuya eMpuma iqala. Noko ke, Saracens abe ukumelana bungwanyalala, atsho Crusaders baleka. amathanga baseSpeyin e-Afrika ezincinane phantse akazange azise nayiphi na inzuzo. Ngelo xesha, oko kwabanga imfuno ephakamileyo iimpahla ezahlukileyo India. Xa Ngenxa eYurophu ukuba nje kuphela empumalanga kodwa emzantsi. Ngoko ke, ukuze sifumane indlela imfutshane kuyo rhoqo ofakelwe hambo.

geographical kwesayensi

Ikoloni yokuqala Spain weza emva kokuba uChristopher Columbus wafumanisa Yehlabathi Elitsha - Melika. Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ka-1492 kwafika iinqanawa ezintathu phantsi kweflegi Spanish. Amaqokobhe zabo ebuncwaneni kumazwe aliqela aseYurophu. Embindini ekwindla konyaka omnye Columbus ziwela Bahamas. Kwiinyanga ezine emva koko, wavula kwisiqithi Haiti. In search of baseSpeyin yegolide maxa wambi baya elunxwemeni; bafudukela nzulu ehlathini. Endleleni yabo badibana nokumelana kwiintlanga zalapho. Nangona kunjalo, izinga impucuko babo kwasilela emva Europe kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela. Ngako oko conquistadors, bambethe ilinen isikrweqe ziintsimbi, akukho nzima ukuze aphumelele bendawo.

kweminyaka esibhozo kamva olunye uhambo ngomkhombe, sele eyenziwa labasebenzi polutoratysyachny nomphako. Bona ehlola inxalenye enkulu zonxweme yoMzantsi Merika. iziqithi ezintsha zisaqala. Emva kwesi sivumelwano yatyikitywa phakathi kwe Portugal neSpeyin, awathi amazwe ezitsha yabiwa ngokulingana phakathi kwezi emphaya ezimbini.

umzantsi Melika

Ekuqaleni, abantu baseSpeyin baqalisa ukuba bahlole kunxweme olusentshona America. Oku ummandla Brazil mihla, Chile, Peru kunye namanye amazwe. La mazwe amatsha imiyalelo Spanish. Ulawulo kuhlala zokuhlala ezinkulu. Emva koko, ezaxhobela imfazwe zathunyelwa ukoyisa amazwe amatsha. Ngelo xesha kweza abasuka eYurophu. Abantu balapha, ingakumbi Bolivia, lonke elimiweyo.

Abantu baseSpeyin Uninzi nomdla impahla kumazwe angaphandle. Igolide, isilivere ezahlukeneyo nobulawu. Ukuba ufika igolide ke akusoloko kusenzeka, ezo conquistadors isilivere eyafunyanwa eninzi. iinqanawa zithwele bafika nyanga nganye kwi zibuko. Inani elikhulu sokungena kwakhokelela ekubeni ukuphela ekugqibeleni bukhosi. Ukunyuka yaqala, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ubuhlwempu. Le yokugqibela okubangelwa yokuvukela eziliqela.

North America

Spain i-lizwe-koloni ethile ulongamo. Bazithoba ku Valladolid kwi amalungelo yase. Amazwe ahlala liphuhlise ulwimi iSpanish kunye nenkcubeko. Xa ikoloni iingxaki Rio de La Plata wazisa amaNdiya yasekuhlaleni. Bathi ezimela ehlathini ubala ahlasela. Ngoko ke, isekela-ubukumkani Government kwafuneka ukuba ukugaya amajoni ukusuka ngamathanga ekufutshane ukulwa luqalile, owathi, ukongeza, kwaye imibutho ukuphanga noqhankqalazo.

Kwiminyaka engamashumi amane le bezithanga iSpanish likwazile ukuvula amathanga ngaphezu amabini kuloo mmandla Yehlabathi Elitsha. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, bahlanganisa zibe Viceroyalty enkulu. Kuyo ebekwe ngasentla kweli thanga inkulu - New Spain, nto leyo yavulwa ngu Hernán Cortés - umzobo cishe, nto leyo unxulunyaniswa isixeko bangafi El Dorado.

Ngongenelelo esebenzayo of Great Britain conquistadors wamisa lonke unxweme North naseMzantsi Merika, elo thanga Spanish. Uluhlu namazwe anamhlanje ayengama nwe Spain:

• Mexico.
• Cuba.
• Honduras.
• Ecuador.
• Peru.
• Chile.
• Colombia.
• Bolivia.
• Guatemala.
• ENicaragua.
• Inxalenye Brazil, Argentina kunye USA.

nesakhiwo solawulo

Amazwe amathanga owayesakuba eSpeyin kule ndawo - kodwa eUnited States (States Southern) kunye Mexico. Mu kuya kwa nshita amathanga kwilizwekazi olusemazantsi, conquistadors wahlangatyezwa sasinempumelelo yenkqubela ephakame kakhulu. Kudala-dala phezu kweli lizwe-Aztec kunye Mayans. Bashiya ilifa enkulu bokwakha. iiyunithi Expeditionary Cortez wadibana ukumelana abamanyeneyo kakhulu amakoloni. Ukuphendula, i-Spanish wenza ukhohlakele kakhulu kubemi bomthonyama. Ngenxa yoko, amanani ayo lehla ngokukhawuleza.

Emva ngokudala conquistadors ezintsha Spanish wafudukela West nisekelwe Louisiana, East kunye West Florida. Inxalenye ilizwe phantsi kolawulo sixeko de kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Kodwa ngenxa imfazwe eUnited States, baye balahlekelwa yonke into. Mexico wasivuna inkululeko yabo iminyaka embalwa ngaphambili.

Imiyalelo ezinabantu

Amandla amakoloni iye buzinze ezandleni viceroy. Yena, ke, singeniswe umntu nokumkani Spanish. Viceroyalty yahlulwa kwiindawo ezininzi (ukuba mkhulu ngokwaneleyo). kwingingqi nganye imicimbi yayo yangaphakathi kwaye yosisi ibandla. Ngoko ke, into eninzi thanga yangaphambili Spain kude kube ngoku Roman Catholic. Kwelinye isebe likarhulumente baba zomkhosi. Amaninzi esiyintsika yale ekampini yaba kartel mercenaries, owathi, emva kwexesha wabuyela eYurophu.

Abanezikhundla aphezulu nosekela-izikumkani bakwazi kuphela sixeko. Ezi izikhulu zofuzo kunye kartel esisityebi. Inzala baseSpeyin owazalelwa eMelika, ngokomthetho, balihluthe nabo elo amalungelo afanayo njengoko abameli sixeko. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa badla uhlukunyezwa, kwaye ukuthatha nasiphi na isikhundla esiphezulu azaba nako.

UBUDLELWANE OLUNTU

Abantu basekuhlaleni nabameli bezizwe ngezizwe Indian. Ekuqaleni, badla phantsi ukubulala uhlobo lophanziso. Kamva, Noko ke, ulawulo lwekoloniyalizim isigqibo ukutshintsha isimo kwayo Bomthonyama. Endaweni wabaphangi, kwagqitywa ukubaxhaphaza amaNdiya. Ngokusemthethweni, amakhoboka azizange. Noko ke, abanye baye bahlukunyezwa kwaye kakhulu irhafu. Kwaye ukuba abazange kubuyekeza mna, baba abanamatyala Crown, oko kukuthi kakhulu ezahlukene ebukhobokeni.

Nwe Spain wathabatha phezu inkcubeko yelizwe unina. Kweli dabi kukrakra akazange abangele. Abantu bendawo bazimisele kakhulu ukufunda izithethe baseYurophu. Kwixesha elifutshane ngexesha inzalelwane baye bafunda ulwimi. Nokwenziwa nayo yafak 'isandla ukufika Knights single-Hidalgo. Bahlala kwi Viceroyalty yaye atshata kunye nabafazi Indiya. Yintoni ithanga of Spain, kungcono kubonwa umzekelo eLouisiana. Emva kokuba usekela-ubukumkani eminyaka wabumba ubudlelwane feudal phakathi kwabantu basekuhlaleni kunye nolawulo.

Ilahleko ye amazwe

Ingxubakaxaka eYurophu yayina kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo. Spain waya kulwa eFransi. Kwamandla emali kunye ingxabano ziye zakhokelela ekuncipheni kwe bukhosi. Asiphanganga thanga waza waqalisa ukuqhuba iimfazwe inkululeko. Kwaye kwezinye iimeko, kwakungamandla awayeqhuba yaba abantu balapha, kwaye kwinzala bezithanga zangaphambili, abaninzi kubo kufakwe. mbali abaninzi baye babuza enoba iSpain iyikoloni yayo usekela-izikumkani. Loo nto nonesi ukuba iinzuzo ezisuka kumazwe akude. Kungenzeka. Yaye kungekudala wazama ukulondoloza impembelelo yayo kumazwe aseMelika na iindleko. Enyanisweni, emva kwawo Spain ngokwayo phantse inciphisiwe.