Yintoni engaqhelekanga zintsomi Tolstoy kaThixo? Multi-sixhobo sekhombuya esinee njengophawu lwentando iintsomi L. N. Tolstogo

Nabani na oye ufunde Iintsomi Aesop kaThixo, I. A. Krylova, yaye ngoko nangoko wathabatha omnye umqulu L. N. Tolstogo mhlawumbi ukubuza wena, into engaqhelekanga zintsomi Tolstoy? Kungoko kulo mbuzo kwaye uzame ukuphendula inqaku yethu.

Ukuqhelaniswa zintsomi ezino abadala

Okokuqala kuyimfuneko ukuphendula lo mbuzo, kutheni uTolstoy oluguqulelweyo babhala iintsomi.

Akuthandeki ukuba abafundi baya kukholwa ukuba I. A. Krylova, Aesop okanye La Fontaine unomsebenzi ngokungaqhelekanga. Babhala zintsomi, kuba nakukufumana oko, bona bendithanda imveliso kwabanye. Kodwa L. N. Tolstoy ayinjalo, eloba zintsomi yakhe ngenjongo, kunoko, waba umsebenzi ethile: ". Okulungileyo eqaqambileyo" ukuhlwayela ezintliziyweni zabantwana Enye impendulo yombuzo, yintoni na engaqhelekanga zintsomi zikaTolstoy, yile: bahlukile, ngokuba ekunisukeleni injongo ethile - ukufundisa umntwana ukwenza okulungileyo. Ewe kunye iintsomi ingakumbi ukususela ingqalelo kwiqela lobudala elithile - abantwana.

"Mfundisi" mzuzu kwi iintsomi ze ezakudala Russian

Ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi Tolstoy, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthelekisa zintsomi bakhe zintsomi isiGrike yamandulo - Aesop. Phakathi amaGrike, bonke baxhotyiswe iintsomi isimilo "kungekhona ngenxa yokukhula", okt. E. In imisebenzi Aesop ngendlela eshwankathelwe erekodiweyo intsomi ubulumko. Umzekelo, intsomi "Ukhozi, chough kunye Umalusi" ithi ukuba asikwazi ukukhuphisana nabo njengabongamileyo kunani data zendalo. Intsomi odumileyo "I Fox kunye iidiliya" ihlekisa Ukuthanda abantu self-sesa ekugwetyelweni. Kwaye kukho ezininzi i imizekelo.

Yintoni engaqhelekanga zintsomi Tolstoy? Into yokuba kukho yokuziphatha "yokukhula" kuzo. Umzekelo, intsomi "Inja kunye emthunzini wawo" ufundisa abantwana (kunye nabantu abadala) ekufuneka kuphela bakhuphisane kwaye hayi ukuba ukujonga kwabanye, nokuba ummelwane wakhe "iqhekeza betyebile, inyama" kunawe. Intsomi "amanga," ubalisa ibali inkwenkwe ezizibikayo kungekho sizathu: "kulile! Iingcuka! ", Ke kaloku kwafika ezizingelayo zayidla yonke impahla emfutshane, le yokwalusa inkwenkwe ukuze kungabikho namnye wanceda, ngokuba ekhohlisa ngaphezu kanye. Intsomi "Abahlobo ababini" ufundisa abantwana kuncedo macala kunye nento yokuba awukwazi phosela umntu ngephanyazo enzima.

Ngamanye amazwi, le Tolstoy Iintsomi sanikwa enesiqulatho lula yokuziphatha, ngaphandle kokuba usondele kakhulu kubantwana bethu, kuba xa uTolstoy waguqulela Iintsomi Aesop okanye kokuqamba ezabo, wazama ukuba babe iqondakale abantu Russian.

Umxholo Yokuziphatha yeentsomi

ukuziphatha yabantwana enokufundiswa ngayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ungakhetha yonke imihla, ezifana iiyure ezi-2, kwaye bafundise ingqiqo elungileyo, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba umntwana kungekudala emva olubhalo ngendlela efana ukubaleka kude nekhaya kunye nabazali babeza ndiwuthiyile. Kwaye Wena uyakwazi ukufunda intsomi umntwana kunye nalo ingqiqo yokuziphatha kwabo ibattery, ngaloo ndlela kutshekishwa njani kakuhle unyana (okanye intombi) ufunda imithetho elula yokuziphatha eluntwini. Zintsomi - i "inaliti yokuziphatha kunye ekugqibeleni kuba mnandi," bona, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukufundisa umntwana ukufunda.

Imisebenzi L. N. Tolstogo wafunda abantwana kwizikolo eziziisekondari. Ngoko ke, lo mbuzo, yintoni na zintsomi ezingaqhelekanga Tolstoy, beBakala 4 (abafundi bakhe) sele ekwazi ukusabela ngokuzimeleyo.

Umxholo zeentanda-iintsomi L. N. Tolstogo

Kodwa kukho enye inwebu ngakumbi zintsomi Tolstoy, osandla singabanga ukunakana kubona umntwana, oko kukuthi isiqulatho zeentanda-bulumko iintsomi L. N. Tolstogo. Kakade ke, ezo intsomi enqabileyo apho umxholo yentanda akukho Bacinge, baze ngokwenene ibekwe kuzo. Umzekelo, ndiyinikele apha intsomi "Inja kunye emthunzini wawo" iqulethe nje zehlabathi kuphela, ngokwasengqondweni, kodwa intsingiselo enzulu bulumko: umntu ukusebenza kuphela ngokwabo. engqondweni yakhe kuba navuso; kungabi kungengangxabano ngomona. Uye ukushiya umbundu ezisixhenxe yezono ebulalayo, apho kufuneka sihlale isininzi alarms.

Yintoni zintsomi ezingaqhelekanga Tolstoy, ukuba nje lo ekhoyo njengenxalenye efunekayo? Kuphela ukuba iipropati yesizwe okanye yehlabathi? Ngokuqinisekileyo akunjalo. Yimizekeliso iintsomi Tolstoy kukhokelela nje kuphela ubulumko yakwaNtu eqhelekileyo, kodwa iinyaniso leenkolo zeli lizwe.