Yenkcubeko ngokubanzi kwimfundo

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, xa izikolo ekuqaleni nje ukuba asebenzise ubugcisa bale mihla, ootitshala kunye kwengqondo ziye sathetha ngalo ixhala ukuba kungekudala endaweni utitshala eklasini nenjini.

Intlekele eyehlele i-intsingiselo kwemfundo yanamhlanje

Kanye , Pontiyo Pilato wambuza uYesu ngokwenene yintoni na inyaniso. Kuyini imfundo? Yintoni aphantsi kolawulo lwamaPhondo yenkcubeko ngokubanzi kwimfundo? ukuba kufunwa kuphela ukudluliselwa elula nokufunyanwa kolwazi nezakhono? Xa uqala kuqala, impendulo yombuzo kakhulu ilula, ngenxa yokuba imfundo ezinxulumene nokudluliselwa amava urhwebe kwizizukulwana zangaphambili ulutsha.

Inxalenye oosonzululwazi inkqubela kunye nootitshala abavumelani nalo nkcazelo. Bayaqiniseka ukuba kukho yipharadaym lobuqu yemfundo mihla, utsaleleka ukuya ukuchongwa kunye nophuhliso namakhono umfundi. Ulwazi ngokubanzi yenkcubeko kufuneka ibe ovumisa ngabantu intshukumo umntwana kwi indlela ngamnye.

iinkqubo zemfundo Minimum

Kule imigangatho yemfundo emitsha sincinane siyalelweyo ukuba ingqeqesho nganye academic, kwakunye neemfuneko baphumelele iiklasi-4, 9 no-11. Ezi izakhono ezithile kunye nobuchule apho umntwana kufuneka ukuba ukususela kwinqanaba omnye wemfundo ukuya kwenye okanye ukushiya iindonga kwiziko unina. Ngokunxulumene ngokuqaliswa kweemviwo zokugqibela kwizikolo eziziiprayimari neziziisekondari kwimowudi test, ootitshala kufuneka ixesha lokuqhelaniswa kunye nokuphuhlisa izakhono jikelele yenkcubeko labafundi, kuba ngabo kakhulu kubalulekile ukulungiselela abantwana OGE nakuviwo ngakumbi. Oku akusoloko utitshala ezisebenza izicwangciso zakho yenkqubo yokufunda, ifidi ngayo umbandela elifanayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kumntwana ngamnye. Ngaphezu koko, ngo esikolweni mihla kukho ingxaki ukujongwa kunye ukulinganisela ngayo impumelelo kwezemfundo.

Ubuntu-oriented wenguqulo kwemfundo mihla, kodwa ukuba ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo akakwazi ukuthetha practice esikolweni.

Ezi zinto yesikolo lwangoku

Imeko eliye lakhula ngoku kwezemfundo kuqikelelwa njengento elubaluleke kakhulu. Le ndlela nokufundisa e-worldwork theory okwangoku iyaguquka a ukudluliswa elula ngezakhono kunye nolwazi nenguqulelo "wophuhliso elandayo ubuntu." Ngoku ukuyilwa yenkcubeko ngokubanzi iba ngumbandela obalulekileyo, ngumqathango oyimfuneko ukwenzela uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo abaselula.

Iimpawu le meko ikhoyo

Zama ukufumanisa imeko ekuyiyo ngoku kwezemfundo, ukuba ukuqonda oonobangela ingxaki, ukuchonga iindlela isicombululo zabo. Ukuguqulela ukusuka kwinqanaba imfundiso kwezandla-on hlobo lo wesiqhelo imfundo yabafundi, ootitshala kuqala ngokwabo kufuneka hlaziya ubuchule babo jikelele zenkcubeko kunye nobungcali.

Isivamvo kwemfundo lobuqu

Oku wenguqulo ithetha ukuqatshelwa ukohluka umntwana ngamnye, imfuno kukuchaza kabanzi indlela zemfundo ngamnye. Kule meko Kucingelwa uphuhliso lobuchule eqhelekileyo yenkcubeko. Iimpawu umfundi ngamnye ulwazi, izakhono, izakhono ezibonakalayo, kodwa indlela lobuqu, baya nomahluko umfundi ngamnye.

Kwimisebenzi yokufunda umfundi igxile

Abaxhasi le yipharadaym emfundo baqinisekile ukuba uphuhliso kwenkcubeko ngokubanzi ubuchule umsebenzi kunokwenzeka kuphela nale ndlela uqeqesho. Umsebenzi indlela lobuqu kukubonelela vangama kunye neempumelelo ngamnye zemfundo inkqubo yomntwana. Kucingelwa nje ukuyilwa Zun, kodwa ukhetho kwamaziko emfundo apho umntwana unelungelo self-determination, ulwazi olungakumbi, nolwazi mpumelelo ezithile kwimbali nenkcubeko besizukulwana odlulileyo. Kungenxa kule wenguqulo ekhankanywe nobuchule yenkcubeko ngokubanzi. Wesikolo wokuchonga nokuphuhlisa isimo sabo ukuba izinto ezahlukeneyo zendalo kunye noluntu.

ingqiqo Personal of A. N. Leontevu

Umbhali ingqiqo imfundo lobuqu ndaqonda ukuba yenkcubeko ngokubanzi inceda umntwana ukufumana isizathu for self-buciko ulwazi, ukufumana izakhono ezitsha. Yena uqinisekile ukuba nentsusa okuphembelela zengqondo kunye nembonakalo ye umntwana, mkhuthaze ukuba imisebenzi yemfundo esebenzayo. Ukuba Zun akazalani izinto eyiyo apho umfundi ingaba intsingiselo lobuqu, kungabi apho umfundi-TAC intetho ayizange uhambe.

Iziphumo zophando ngo pedagogy mihla

ulwazi jikelele kwanenkcubeko abakhankanywe imisebenzi ootitshala abaninzi owayephila ngexesha kwengqondo. Beyisekile ukuba ukhangelo intsingiselo yokufumana ulwazi, kunye nokukhethwa iindlela zokufundisa ngamanyathelo ebalulekileyo ezithile:

• Le ubuchule lobuqu umntwana ngokunxulumene wafunda izinto zendalo okanye ezentlalo, ezo ngokwentando kwiindawo zemfundo ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukuqonda ukuba umfundi yamava yayo, ulwazi othe wafunyanwa ngexesha isifundo bezinto ngokubanzi zenkcubeko kunye nemilinganiselo.
• Position, kwakunye sengqondo lobuqu malunga amava zentlalo kunye nolwazi yenkcubeko ngokubanzi.

Formation of nobugcisa eziqhelekileyo yenkcubeko kunye nobungcali inceda umntwana ukuqonda indawo yakhe eluntwini, ukuba sizabalazela for self-uphuhliso kunye self-ukuphucuka. Umntwana lowo ithuba ukubalaselisa uguqulelo olusisiseko umxholo wemfundo inxalenye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngenxa yomphefumlo elizayo. Emva Intshayelelo ukuyilwa njengento ezifana nobuchule, imigangatho yemfundo sizukulwana yesibini sele ziphuhlisiwe. UGrade GEF awazuze ulwazi kwiinkalo ngeenkalo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa lo mzekelo kunokwenzeka uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo.

Umxholo elithi "Ulwazi"

Yaguqulelwa isuka kwisiLatini, eli binzana uluhlu lwemibuzo, iimpendulo zazo yeqhelekileyo umntu. ngezakhono kwinkalo ethile kuthetha ilifa izakhono ezifanelekileyo kunye nolwazi, awangqinelwa ngawo unako ukuveza isikhundla sakhe ngalo mbandela phantsi kwengxoxo. Le mbono ixesha elide asetyenziswe pedagogy lwasekhaya.

Ngokomzekelo, ubuchule kweelwimi eziphandwe kakuhle, isicelo iilwimi ootitshala zasemzini. Zaziswa kwaye degree ngokubanzi zenkcubeko ubuchule nezesidanga kwindawo kwisifundo ngasinye kwaye inqanaba lemfundo ephakamileyo.

Kutshanje, into efana "ubuchule" ayisa ezinxulumene ne zokufundisa jikelele, yayisetyenziselwa, iingqiqo methodological. Isizathu - in a imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo kunye esebenzayo kunye nonxibelelwano zophuhliso metasubject phakathi kwiinkalo ezahlukileyo zobomi mihla.

Kwisakhono imfundo Russian

Kutshanje, yimfundo Russian komeleza indima ubuchule. Njengoko omnye kubo kuchazwe kwi kwisakhono imisebenzi yenkcubeko ngokubanzi. Oku kuquka ukuphuhliswa nokusetyenziswa izithethe babantu bakowabo, ukuyilwa ubuzwe ngokomoya. Kuba phambi wemfundo kazwelonke okanye ukungabikho ubuchule eqhelekileyo yenkcubeko kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo.

Phantsi ngesakhono ibhekisa isixa ubuchule, izakhono nolwazi ukuba umntu kunceda ukusombulula iingxaki ezithile.

Ubuchule kuthetha onengubo isakhono ethile, equka sengqondo zobuqu kumxholo umsebenzi.

Phantsi kwisakhono umfundi ibhekisela kukufumana imfundo kunye nobuchule luphawu lobuqu okanye ubungakanani nomgangatho kwakunye namava ubuncinane kwinkalo ethile. Xa "Strategy Ukuphuculwa Imfundo" sichaza yonke ngqibelelo abafundi kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu zobuqu. Ngokunxulumene nemiba eyahlukeneyo yemfundo mihla ziye zachongwa iqela lemisebenzi kunye amakhono ubuchule. Malunga ungubani umntwana kufuneka zibonise nokuphuhlisa umnqweno wakhe ukufunda nokuhlalutya izinto eziyinyani-ihlabathi. Ba yoyilo, kuquka onke amaqela iimpawu ekufuneka ziphuhliswe umntwana. nekhono lemfundo inceda abafundi zivalele izifundo ezithile, ukusebenzisa olu lwazi kumsebenzi umsebenzi elizayo. Umzekelo, ndakuqonda ngexesha nezifundo zam kwisikolo kwisakhono ngummi, ukusebenzisa isoka lakhe liya kuphela emva kokuba op. Yintoni ifakiwe isakhiwo imfundiso gama? I lokuqala sabaphathi Igama lobeko (njongo, obschepredmetnaya, key). kuboniswe ezinye izinto apho ulwazi luza kwenziwa. Sithabathela ingqalelo uhlenga zentlalo kwaye aluncedo, ixabiso reference umphakathi. Ezi ndlela kunokukhethwa kuzo ziza enza imisebenzi yolawulo kunye novavanyo, ezijolise ekuchongeni iqondo lwengqibelelo yomntwana njengezalathisi. Le iseti lweempawu iboniswe kuzo zonke imimiselo, uncwadi lwemethodoloji kunye emfundo, kwakunye nezixhobo uvavanyo.

isiphelo

Kukho emigangatho ubuchule zemfundo. Isiqulatho imfundo yahlulwe metasubject, intersubject, njongo. Metasubject okufana naziphi na imimandla, kodwa ubuchule substantive imela ingqeqesho. Kwinqanaba ngalinye lemfundo zabiwa kwiinguqulelo zabo ngeemfuno, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto awohluke zengqondo kunye nobudala babafundi. ulwazi jikelele yenkcubeko unxulunyaniswa awohluke zesizwe nenkcubeko jikelele, iziseko yokuziphatha ubomi boluntu. Iquka iziseko intsapho, izithethe zentlalo, ezentlalo kunye nezithethe njengesizwe ezahlukileyo lonke uluntu. Oku kobu buchule kunokuba- ingcaciso impembelelo yonqulo kuluntu, ukuyilwa yokomoya yabemi. Wabongamela kobu buchule iquka indlela eyiyo ngexesha athi umntu zikaThixo, ukunikela ingqalelo isifundo lemveli lenkcubeko kwingingqi yabo, lo mmandla. Ukuze basebenzise ngokupheleleyo isizukulwana esitsha kwakhiwa ubuchule yenkcubeko ngokubanzi, izifundo ezizodwa izifundo zengingqi ziye zaziswa kwi isanda yoqeqesho. Xa umxholo wazo nkqubo yayiquka imiba enxulumene yasekhaya, isiseko unqulo. Ukuze kugqiba esikolweni, kwikholeji, eyunivesithi, kakuhle phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo ekuhlaleni, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ubuchule yenkcubeko ngokubanzi.