Vera Maretskaya: engobomi, PIU, ubomi yakho

Umdlali Russian omkhulu Vera Maretskaya wazalwa ngoJulayi 31, 1906 kwi eziqhelekileyo kangaka sizukulwana ilali baseRashiya Barvikha kufuphi eMoscow. Uyise P. G. Maretsky wayengusomashishini elincinane yabucala - baqesha Buffet, yaye akazange umntu othile osisityebi, ukuyilwa kubantwana abane uye walungiselela kakhulu - oonyana ababini omdala izidanga kwi-Institute of Red ngooNjingalwazi, kanye Vera wangena University eMoscow kwi-Faculty of Philosophy, omncinane dade waba ngumfundisi. Ngeli xesha, kakhulu Ukholo wathetha German endiliciko nendikhululekileyo isiFrentshi.

Lo kukhetha ndikwenzileyo

Vera Maretskaya, akuba wafundela ukuba ngonyaka University, ndiye ndaqonda ukuba ubomi efuna yokubonela, kwaye ngasese ukusuka abazali bafake amaxwebhu kanye kumagumbi ezintathu umdlalo, yamkelwa kubini kwaye bakhetha ethandwa kakhulu ngaloo mihla, isikolo-istudiyo Theatre. Vakhtangov. Le ntombazana yena Wayeneziphiwo, iyalele ukusuka kwindalo krele kwaye eyayifunde kakhulu, xa ilizwi, uyathandeka, nangona ukuba akazange ingqalelo muhle. Kwaye ke elathi Yu Zavadsky, lowo phezu labagwebi, wanikezela ngamakhubalo zakhe. Yena Bendicinga nje malunga neqela lakho, yaye emva kokuphela 1924 isikolo-studio Vera Maretskaya ngonaphakade ukunxibelelanisa ubomi ngobuchule yale ngumlawuli theatre abanetalente.

Umfazi nomama

ikamva sakhe naye enxulumene nayo iminyaka emininzi, nangona bathe bahlala ubume elide. ukuqonda Mutual kunye nobuhlobo kanga ukuba ekupheleni kweentsuku - wokuqala wafa Yu A. Zavadsky, ngonyaka Vera..

Vera Maretskaya ngo-1926 yazala inkwenkwe ekwathiwa ogama lakhe behlonipha Eugene Vakhtangov. Esithendeni, waphupha lwezakhiwo, kodwa ukunyanzelisa konyana ozalwa ngunina; waye yena umfazi ngundlovu eyangena GITIS. Uncame ubomi bakhe bonke yokubonela uyise nonina, kodwa zange waphuma izithunzi zabo.

udade

Ngexesha xa Yu Zavadsky ekhohlo B. Marecki, ezingalweni zakhe ngaphandle ukuba Zhenya encinane mhlawumbe Alex omncinane, unyana ka umntakwabo Dmitri wabanjwa. Sasa yena wakhuliswa umntwana wayo. Zombini abazalwana intatheli babulawa ngamini-nye ngo-1937. Ukuze imbeko Vera Petrovna, yena sele engafuni kubo, yaye, ekubeni rhoqo ziphantsi kwesoyikiso ukubanjwa njenge usisizalwane iintshaba zabantu (kwathiwa ityala Bukharin) soloko wabanceda iipasela kunye ngokubanzi kangangoko anako.

ubuzwe

Ngeli xesha Vera Maretskaya wayedume, omthandayo, umdlali ibhaso ngembasa. ubomi bakhe lokudala yimpumelelo kakhulu zobuqu ngakumbi. Umculi kwetalente enkulu, ndawo ezo zaziphantsi amandla nawuphi na indima omhle ngokulinganayo, lingaphezu indumiso badlala ngokunomkhethe kwi movie "Yena wawalwela looMawokhulu" waza umfazi owayembelekisa Zmeyukinu kwi "The Wedding", le nkundla itshintshile zonke iindima umlinganiswa, futhi njalo nempumelelo efanayo (nokuba phambi kokuba imfazwe, saya Marecki). Wakhe egxalabeni yaba iindima zonke iindima, wadlala abafazi elula zendalo layo nayiphi na iklasi na uhlanga. Vera Maretskaya kwaba Russian obuzwe. A Rostislav Yanovich Plyatt, umneyshemu kunye Ngomntu onengqondo, ngubani iminyaka emininzi wayemthanda uVera Petrovna, bobabo ibinzana ukuba kukho mnye kuphela uhlanga ehlabathini - a, indoda elungileyo enesidima. Kwaye ngoko, ibinzana Aleksandry Sokolovoy ( "Ilungu kaRhulumente"), eyaziwa ngokuba wonke - "Yabona, ndiya kuma phambi kwakho, umfazi elula Russian ..." - ukuba Marecki wathi, ibe yinyaniso leyo.

umdlali obhinqileyo

Vera Maretskaya, ubomi lobuqu kunxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo yokubonela ezibe mboniso wadutyulwa kangako - bhanya-25 kuphela. Noko ke, lo msebenzi yayintle kangangokuba Marecki-bhanya umdlali wayesazi kwaye wayebathanda lonke elo lizwe. italente yakhe yayinamandla kangangokuba nkqu zokukhuthaza film "Ilungu lukarhulumente," wenza lomntu wakhe umfazi eliphilileyo ngokokuze ukholo lwakhe nothando lwakhe kwizizukulwana ezininzi, nangona utshintsho karhulumente kweli lizwe. Kuqala umboniso apho wadlala B. Marecki, wakhululwa ngowe-1925 "Lo Tailor evela Torzhok" Yakov Protazanov. Kule filimu, ebukekayo Verochka oselula wadlala Igor Ilyinsky, sele weqonga eyaziwayo, izinto ezilungileyo malunga nomsebenzi iqabane lakhe.

umshado wesibili

Ngaphambi kwemfazwe, uVera Maretskaya, PIU leyo, njengoko kucacisiwe apha ngentla, nto inkulu kakhulu, uye wenza 10 iifilimu. Kuchaphazeleke kwaye ukuxinana kwiibhodi kweqonga, kunye nento yokuba studio Yu. A. Zavadskogo yathunyelwa Rostov-on-Don, ngelithi ukuze kuphakanyiswe yokubonela peripheral. Wayishiya qembu ngo-1936, yaye wabuyela - ngo-1940. Kulo nyaka UVera utshata umdlali we yokubonela efanayo G. P. Troitskogo, kamva ngonyaka intombi ingqondo. Georgy uya ngaphambili kunye ntliziyo ngo-1943. On kokufa kwakhe Marecki akazange ingxelo de kube sekupheleni scene ngokudubula apho Velikaya V. P. (ngoko wambizela kwindawo yokubonela) ukudlala nonyana wakhe ( "Yena wawalwela looMawokhulu"). Le filimu wabonisa kuwo onke amanqanaba IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic - alonwabele ithandwa kakhulu. Emva obonayo, abantu bezimisele imfazwe.

ntsuku Okulandelayo

Kubomi, owawunesihloko esithi Vera kunye namabhaso uye wafumana, yaye ukusebenza kumabala emidlalo, waye neze puffy, hayi abanekratshi, akazange wamisela umgama phakathi kwakhe nabantu, kodwa wayesazi kakuhle kakhulu ukubaluleka yakhe. Kwaye le ntengo kuye kwafika kubo bonke - zange wachukumisa amandla, nkqu nangona yokuba emva kwemfazwe, wabanjwa udadewabo omncinane Tatiana. Kwakhona Vera wayethumele iipasile kunye neeleta axhasayo, silubaleke nomxokelelwane umyalelo, yaye ke iphumelele kwiminyaka emibini kamva lo dade inkululeko,, ngaphandle ilungelo lokuhlala kwikomkhulu. Ayavumelana kuphela 60s.

Kwakhona, happy abazizityebi ubomi creative (UVera ukhenketho ezininzi, kuquka amazwe, iifilimu, ukusebenza kwindawo yokubonela) ayikho ngokuvisisana siqu kakhulu. Emva kokufa ngumfazi wakhe R. Ya. Plyatt iceba Vera Petrovna, kodwa uyala, becaphula ubudala bakhe, nangona kunjalo ubukeka enkulu. Nehlekisayo, ebukhali-yombini, uyathandeka Vera Maretskaya (photo iqhotyoshelwe) amadoda Bendisoloko ndikuthanda. Kwaye ukuba abantu ingqalelo Marecki, ngubani kungekudala lonke yawa ezinyaweni zakhe. Yena wothulelw iinoveli nabantu abaselula kakhulu kuye. Kodwa ngubani inimangalise le nto ngoku? Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuphumeza ingqalelo yakhe endaweni wabaleka ngabafana. Marecki waba ukumkanikazi.

Movie post-imfazwe

Imisebenzi film post-imfazwe "umama" bhanya "Utitshala Ilali", "Zinelungelo iphandle" ubonisa it on Olympus abadlali kakhulu ixesha lethu. Emva kokuba imfazwe kunye nendima enkulu comedy movie, akuthethi ngobuhlungu Anna Zmeyukinoy - Vasilisa S. kwi "Ukukhanya of Life" (1960). movie Great! F. Ranevskaya ibinzana kwi movie "Molo, mna anti wakho, ndiya kuhlala nani" - iye waya ebantwini. B. Marecki wadlala njengangaphambili obalaseleyo. Kwishishini yeqonga, kakhulu, nto leyo ndlela iyiyo - Yu Zavadsky wabeka phantse yonke emiboniso kunye ululindele. Ewe, kwaye kukho isindululo umtshato, kakhulu, iye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wenza kuyo. Vera waye ubuso cinema yiSoviet, yabamba iindwendwe amazwe - Zhan Mare, manic Ubunzima abalindi, yena wafaka keyiki kunye caviar kunye nesalmon.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Uye wabizwa ngokuba "Madonna ngamehlo ebuhlungu", yena wacinga ukuba nathengisa ngokwayo kumsebenzi we-30% nje kuphela. Oku kubonisa umdlali titsongahata enkulu. Le film "Umama" (1955) wenza naye nje odumileyo - waqubuda kuye, Nilovna angene ekhayeni yonke. KaYuri Zavadsky woma, nangona ndingazange wakhuthaza bhanyabhanya a movie. yokugqibela ifilimu Vera Petrovna yaba "Night Call", ezifotwe 1969. Wayeneminyaka sele begula, ke enguye ngokufihlakeleyo iyasokola. Kubomi, akuzange kube yonke elungileyo kwakhona. Ngequbuliso umtshato happy sel 'yintombi - e-mthetho kuzixhoma, isazinzulu oselula, yavelisa amagqabi. Ingqondo ubunzima isiganeko embi ndasiwa esibhedlele ucazululo eyomeleleyo luvo. Abantwana wahlala Marecki yale ntombazana ethandekayo esitratweni. Nemirovich-Danchenko.

Indima yokugcina

Zonke iingxaki zaloo ubomi lobuqu yangaphambili lo mcimbi ayikwazanga kodwa kuchaphazela impilo Vera Petrovna - ebuhlungu kakhulu ziye zaba abasisigxina. Oogqirha ukubuzisisa ithumba ebuchotsheni. Vera Maretskaya, engobomi, ubomi lwangasese ngoku wazala ingabonisa ukugula kakhulu, hayi akwasala yeqonga. Indima yokugqibela, yena odlalwa eqongeni yemiboniso endimthandayo lengubo Savage kulo mdlalo eponymous. EMoscow theatre valyl emiboniso kunye inxaxheba wakhe (yena wadlala indima khosi kunye nabanye abadlali). Kwi holo yemveliso yakutshanje edanduluka esithi, ekhala yena B. Marecki, walila kweqonga kaYuri Zavadsky. Emandleni sabafaki lo mfazi, ukuzinikela yomsebenzi ayithanda kakhulu kukuba waze ebotshelelwe kwebhedi, ukufunda imibongo ozithandayo iimbongi Russian, kunye nonyana wakhe Evgeny wawabhala amagama abo kwi tape - bakuba beyiphosile ilothe kwingcwaba umdlali edlala enkulu.