Ventricular arrhythmia: iimpawu kunye nonyango

Namhlanje, kukho inani elikhulu izifo zentliziyo. Avamise kakhulu phakathi kwabo kucingwa ukuba arrhythmia ventricular ukuba kwenzeka ngenxa pulses excitation ngaphambi apho sivela kwinkqubo ventricular. Kulo mzekelo, isingqisho intliziyo aphazanyiswa, kukho ucutheko akhethekileyo ezisezantsi zamasebe. fibrillation Ventricular emsebenzini namhlanje, 60% abantu, ubukhulu becala abadala. Ngamanye amaxesha ukubetha kwentliziyo kakubi kunokubonwa kubantu abatsha besempilweni. Livela kwesi sifo sibangelwa koko uneempawu nendlela sibaphathe ngayo - singathetha ngayo.

Inkcazelo sifo

Esi sifo kukho ukuphazamiseka isingqisho intliziyo, xa iminqweno ukuqhuba kuzo ventricles kwentliziyo ibunjwa ngezantsi kwindawo apho esiqhumeni yakhe branched. siza kuqwalasela ngezantsi, unokuba neendidi ezahlukeneyo ventricular arrhythmias, unyango kunye neempawu. Benza njengelizwe ezisongela ukuvela ukuphazamiseka kakhulu wentliziyo, kwakunye nomhla ngesiquphe imisebenzi yalo mzimba. Kwakhona angavela, iintlobo nazimpawu mnene arrhythmia.

Forms of arrhythmias ventricular

Xa iyeza zahlulwe zibe ngamaqela amathathu olu hlobo sifo: arrythmia, tachycardia kunye fibrillation atrial (yokudanyaza). Kuxhomekeka ezibonisa sifo elandelayo unyango. Ngaphezu koko, iimpawu zokubonisa arrhythmia angayitshintsha kwakho. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha kulo mba.

beats

Olu hlobo esi sifo yenye abhalwe kakhulu qho, oko kubangelwa ucutheko ngaphambi intliziyo. arrhythmia Ventricular (extrasystole) lufumaneka-70% abantu abakubudala ezahlukeneyo, inkangeleko yayo evame kunokubangela uxinezeleko, utywala kunye inicotine, zekofu. Kwakhona olu hlobo arrhythmia kunokwenzeka umonakalo xa engabalulekanga ngenxa kuphuhliso zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Kukho iiklasi ezintlanu arrhythmia, zityhila ubukho omnye wabo, ungasebenzisa i ECG kwisithuba iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine:

- class zero ayithathi extrasystoles;

- iklasi yokuqala luphawulwa imbonakalo umlinganiselo hayi ngaphezulu kwe mathathu enye ngeyure enye;

- iklasi yesibini luphawulwa ukubonakala ngaphezulu kwe mathathu rate enye ngeyure enye;

- udidi lwesithathu busenza ukuba ubukho extrasystoles polymorphic;

- ibanga lesine busenza ukuba iperi zokunciphisa polymorphic okanye monomorphic;

- kwiklasi yesihlanu uphawuleka izishunqulelo iqela, maxa wambi ukuhlaselwa tachycardia kunokwenzeka.

tachycardia

arrhythmias Ventricular yale fomu iboniswa ukwanda izinga entliziyweni (90 ibetha ngomzuzu). Tachycardia kwakhona kwenzeka ngezifo, kwaye into komzimba ngexesha uphaphazele, amandla omzimba njalo njalo. Kaninzi iba iliphawu ukuphazamiseka ezahlukeneyo yonyango, iinkqubo yawo luvo. Tachycardia njenge ngezifo kunokukhokelela yingozi. Ngenxa yoko, uxinzelelo lwegazi uyawa, ithombo legazi ukuba amalungu imenza igazi kuguga umzimba kunye nentliziyo, kuquka oko kukhokelela ingozi yesifo kwemithambo okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Idlela kwiiklasi ezininzi tachycardia:

1. Sinus - kukho kophulwa yokosulela neemvakalelo ukuya ventricles ze esiludumbo sinus. Oku kube ngenxa yokuba ukungasebenzi le yunithi, kwaye phantsi koxinzelelo, ukothuka, njalo-njalo.

2. Paroxysmal - kukho isifo sentliziyo ibetha 300 ngomzuzu, ebonakala ekho ngesiquphe. Oku ezinxulumene umsebenzi nangakumbi nkqubo onovelwano luvo, kwakunye notshintsho lo myocardium. Kaninzi kwenzeka kwimeko yokugqibela iqatshelwe uninzi kwamatyala abantu. Le tachycardia angakhula abe ischemia, hypotension kunye ventricular fibrillation. kuhlasela njalo of tachycardia kuba yingozi igazi Ukubolekisa umzimba, okwandisa ingozi yokufa.

fibrillation

Atrial ventricular arrhythmia, okanye fibrillation atrial, ebonakala ngu nokubetha ukuba ibetha 480 ngomzuzu, le ventricles ngaxeshanye kwanciphisa unganxibelelananga apha, ekugqibeleni intliziyo ime, umntu esifa. fibrillation Atrial i isithethi ngenxa rhoqo ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo. Xa amayeza, ukwahlula kwiiklasi ezininzi fibrillation atrial:

1. Primary - ivela kwi kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala emva kokuqala ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo kwaye ebangela ukufa ngesiquphe ebantwini.
2. Secondary atrial ventricular arrhythmia Yenzeka ngenxa yokothuka cardiogenic kwizigulane yokuhlaselwa isifo sentliziyo.
3. fibrillation ilanga livela kwi kwiveki yesine sifo.

Fibrillation kuzo zonke iimeko iqala ngesiquphe. iiyure ezintathu emva kokuba iqale Ndinesiyezi inkangeleko yakhe, ubuthathaka ibonakala. Emva kweeyure ezingamashumi amabini, umntu ulahlekelwa ezingqondweni, unditsho, abafundi zithambe ngeeyure mane, ukuphefumla ngcembe uba ngaphantsi, uze emva koko uyeke ngokupheleleyo, kuza ukufa clinical.

ngezigaba

Kuxhomekeka ngemiphumo zinokuphuhliswa emva kwabakho arrhythmia ventricular wentliziyo (iimpawu ziza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku), ukuba isigqibo sokwabela:

1. arrhythmia esebenzayo luphawulwa kukungabikho izilonda kwentliziyo ukuba kakhulu. Naziphi na iingxaki emva phantse anayenza.

2. Arrhythmias ezinobungozi ngabantu kunye nokuphuhlisa nxamnye nesifo sentliziyo, izinga lokusweleka kule meko inyuswe.

3. Uphuhliso ebulalayo ukuphazamiseka isingqisho kwentliziyo, kwenzeka xa isifo sentliziyo kakhulu kwaye kaninzi ekhokelela ekufeni.

oonobangela

Uphuhliso arrhythmias lunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ngamanye amaxesha andazi. Kwimeko yokugqibela kulisiko ukuthetha ngesi sifo, leyo idiopathic ngokwendalo. Amaninzi fibrillation ventricular (iimpawu, unyango kwaye uqikelelo iza kuxoxwa ngezantsi) yenzeka ngenxa yezifo intliziyo: ischemia, infarct, Cardiosclerosis, umonakalo ivalve mitral kunye nokudumba engabalulekanga, lwegazi, yobubi oko kukuthi, kwizifo miphungeni. Kwezinye iimeko, le VSD, herniation kunye eliphantsi iqolo nabo ukuba uphuhliso arrhythmias. arrhythmia Idiopathic kwabangelwa yimiba zangaphandle: ukutshaya, utywala nekofu, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo amayeza inhliziyo.

Iimpawu ezalatha

Iimpawu fibrillation Ventricular ukuba ichazwe ngokucacileyo, awusebenzi. Abantu ezohlukeneyo iimvakalelo ezahlukeneyo musa kuxhomekeka unobangela sifo. Kaninzi, izigulane zifumana ubuthathaka, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukuba nesiyezi. kubonakaliswa kakuhle ebonakalayo iimpawu kwi ECG. Okokuqala, kukho ukwanda kubungakanani deformation le izinyo, eyinxenye ye ventricular ezintsonkothileyo. zokurhwaqela ngaphezu ezintathu ezilandelelanayo intliziyo nayo kungqinwa kukubakho i arrhythmia. Kuba arrhythmia luphawulwa isiyezi, ixhala, ukubila landa, yimvakalelo ukuphelelwa umoya, umsebenzi intliziyo rhoqo. Xa tachycardia kwenzeka nesiyezi (unconscious), iintlungu entliziyweni, palpitation, dyspnea, hypotension, amahlaba. fibrillation Atrial Ukho ngokohlobo niphele, iintlungu esifubeni, nokudumba yemiphunga, ukuswela intliziyo. iimpawu zayo ezinxulumene into yokuba ventricles ngokukhawuleza elingafani.

isifo izifo

fibrillation Ventricular zingangqinwa kusetyenziswa esweni ECG kwakhona wayisa ECG umthwalo VEM okanye uvavanyo treadmill. Uphononongo sikwabandakanya nokubhaliswa pulses intliziyo nge electrode ezithi zixhonywe eluswini esifubeni lomntu ezandleni zakhe neenyawo. Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba zimiliselwe esweni, uze emva koko yadluliselwa isixhobo yoshicilelo ize iprintwe ephepheni. Xa izalathisi VEM zithathwa ngexesha umthambo, kuba oku, sebenzisa umthambo ibhayisekile. Xa test ugijima ezisetyenzisiweyo treadmill. Kwimeko uxilongo kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo zinefuthe ukwenzeka kunye ekumeni uhlaselo. Ezi ziquka isimo ngokweemvakalelo nangokwasengqondweni yomguli, umsebenzi emzimbeni, lokuthathwa iziyobisi njalo-njalo. iindlela ezongezelelweyo zophando phambi arrhythmias ziquka:-X-reyi, Itomography, ultrasound intliziyo. Ukususela iziphumo zezi mvavanyo ziza kuxhomekeka unyango ngakumbi esi sifo.

fibrillation Ventricular: unyango

Xa efumanise esi sifo alukho kuzo zonke iimeko zifuna unyango olulodwa. Xa iyeza na unyango ekucetyiswa ukuba banikele ingqalelo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kweziyobisi, kwakunye ngexesha iindlela zabo, njengoko kunokuba impilo ingozi engenasizathu. Kwezinye ezimbi into contraindicated ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi bechwayithile ngenxa arrhythmia, njengoko oku kungabangela zokuma. Qwalasela iindlela kunye neendlela zokunyanga arrhythmias kunye ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo.

unyango arrythmia

Kwiimeko rhoqo, esi sifo lu dityanisiwe ukunqongophala electrolytes emzimbeni womntu, nto leyo eboniswa uvavanyo lwegazi. Kaninzi xa arrhythmia bacebisa wemagniziyam-potassium yokudla. Kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo yokulala kuphumla ulawulo, ukutya, imikhwa emibi, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo ikofu, ubukho yoxinezeleko njalo njalo. nadlamkisayo kunokumiselwa. Ukuba ventricular fibrillation ihamba nzima, ngoko ukumisela amayeza, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zifuna uqhaqho. Isigulane kwabalelwa electrolytes, ACE inhibitors, nitrate, njalo njalo. ukubaluleka enkulu inikelwa eziyobisi nxamnye arrhythmia.

unyango tachycardia

protivoaritmichnye kunye arhente elithozamisayo: Kukho amaqela amabini amayeza, apho inyathelo sibhekiswe ekunyangeni tachycardia na. Nadlamkisayo udumo xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho GVA. Oku kube "Diazepam", "Persian", "Wisteria" kunye nabanye. antiarrhythmic amayeza ventricular arrhythmia baqeshwa emva kokuba unobangela ngezifo lusekiwe. Oku kube "Verapamin" "", "Adenosine" Inderal njalo njalo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, unyango kufuneka specialist abangene.

unyango fibrillation

Ukuba uhlaselo fibrillation atrial wabonakala okokuqala okanye ngakanye, kuyimfuneko ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa i "Quinidine", "Kordorona" okanye "procainamide". Ukuba fibrillation atrial sisisigxina, kufuneka usoloko uthathe amayeza ukuze ukuthintela stroke. Kulo mzekelo, unyango olufanelekileyo anticoagulation, kufuneka uthathe aspirin, "Warfarin" heparins.

Le abane of arrhythmias

I-ALS yale sifo iya kuxhomekeka ukuma kwayo, ubukho isifo sentliziyo, ukuphazamiseka ejikeleza ebantwini. fibrillation Ventricular kunye supraventricular ezingachazwanga ezinxulumene nesifo sentliziyo, musa engozini ubomi babantu kunye nempilo. Ukuba isifo ukuvela imvelaphi na isifo sentliziyo, i-ALS elingamncediyo. elilindelekileyo Ubomi apha kuxhomekeke lokwaluka kwangethuba unyango. Ngako oko ke kucetyiswa ukuba ukulawula ukusebenza entliziyweni ulandele zonke iingcebiso zonyango, ngoko esi sifo zimiswe. Ngelo xesha ke kufuneka ungalibali malunga amanyathelo othintelo, ngokuba Ukunyamekela impilo yakho ingadlala indima enkulu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukuba usindise umphefumlo womntu.

ukuvimbela

Kuqala kwinto zonke, uthintelo arrhythmia ijolise ekunyangeni isifo sentliziyo, nto leyo inegalelo ukuhlukumeza rhythm and Uhanjiso. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ecaleni imbangela yokugula, kunokuba ezingenabungozi, GVA, ntshikilelo, electrolyte ukungalingani, njalo njalo. D. Kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa inani utywala, inicotine nomoya caffeine, kwakunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuzimeleyo iziyobisi arrhythmia. Unyango kufuneka wenziwe ngokungqongqo ngugqirha. Ngoko ke, ukuvimbela izifo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- Unyango nesifo sentliziyo ezinkulu;

- yokudla;

- ukushiyelwa ngaphandle imikhwa emibi;

- iliso umthambo, ubunzima, uxinzelelo;

- ukuvimbela iziyobisi.

Njengoko amalungiselelo bayacetyiswa ukuba athathe "Panangin" (potassium nezinki), vitamin B6, "Ritmonorm", "VFS" kunye nabanye.

Xa arrhythmias nako ukudlala imidlalo, kodwa umthambo kufuneka amancinci. Musa ukuyilayisha umzimba. Ngokulandela zonke iingcebiso kwaye iliso impilo yabo, unako ukumsindisa nje yena kuphela, kodwa ubomi bakhe, yaye ugqirha, nto, kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukhetho iziyobisi.