UTolstoy, ushwankathelo "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha"

Tolstoy unalo ibali elungiselelwe imbali yomntu, ukuba bazive yayisecicini yokufa, le obungenanjongo ubomi bakhe. Indlela umbhali omkhulu Russian zazibonisa ngeentuthumbo komphefumlo lokufa, lungenakuqondeka ngokufunda isishwankathelo. "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha" (oko kukuthi igama eli bali) - imveliso enzonzobila, mbongi emqondweni buhlungu. Funda oku kufuneka kube kancinane, uhlalutyo iqhekeza ngalinye kwisicatshulwa.

Noko ke, abo ezinganqweneli lokuhlolisisa ngeengcamango bulumko, lisibekele okwaziyo kunye nesishwankathelo ngamafuphi ebalini. Eli nqaku - isishwankathelo esifutshane.

Ukufa Ivana Ilicha - ophambili isebenza - isiganeko leyo yenza isiseko sebali. Kodwa bali liqala lo mzuzu xa umphefumlo umlinganiswa ngasentla ushiye umzimba ofayo.

Isahluko sokuqala (isishwankathelo)

Ukufa Ivana Ilicha iye yaba sisiganeko ncam eziqhelekileyo, kodwa hayi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwamaziko enkundla, ngexesha lesidlo, Peter Ivanovich - oswelekileyo asebenza - weva iindaba ezibuhlungu ezivela iphephandaba. Sobalisela amanye amalungu ngokuva ukufa Ivana Ilicha, wacinga kuqala kwiinto zonke ngoko lo mcimbi aza kuba yena nentsapho yakhe. Indawo uswelekileyo uthabathe elinye igosa. Ngenxa yoko, kuya kubakho isithuba. Ke uPetros Ivanovich kunye wakhe umzalwana-bumba.

Kubalulekile ukukhankanya imisebenzi omnye ethile Tolstoy, ngaphandle apho kunzima ukubeka isishwankathelo. Ukufa Ivana Ilicha, kwakunye imihla yokugqibela yobomi bakhe ochazwe ibali ngokwembono ophambili. Yaye usoloko uva intlungu nje emzimbeni, kodwa ingcamango yokuba yonke into ulinde nje ukufa kwakhe. Kule ukuqiniseka embi Ivan Ilyich kolunye ekunene. Emva ngamnye oogxa bakhe emva kokuba iindaba ezibuhlungu kuza ingcamango izithuba inyathelo kusondela. Kananjalo nemvo isiqabu yavela ngenxa yokuba isenzeko esibi ebizwa ngokuba "ukufa" kwaba ndaweni kufuphi, kodwa hayi naye. Ukongeza, ngamnye wacinga imisebenzi uyadika sibuye, njengako ekufuneka uye inkonzo yesikhumbuzo kwaye bavakalise amazwi.

Njengoko iyaziwa, a Connoisseur yemiphefumlo yabantu yaba Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha", isishwankathelo yayo ichazwe kweli nqaku - umsebenzi ezinqwenelwa. Umbhali uye lowu elifutshane isincoko bayahlelwa hero, uvuyo lwakhe intuthumbo. Kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - a zokwazisela imilinganiselo yokomoya, nto leyo kwenzeka ngemihla yokugqibela yobomi.

ibali Common, yoyikekayo

Umfundi aqonde ubunzulu iimvakalelo kuhlutha Ivana Ilicha akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokwazi iinkcukacha ezisisiseko ngobomi bakhe. Kungenxa yoko le nto lijongene kwisahluko sesibini kunye ubomi ophambili. Kwaye ngoko kuphela yonke imibala, Tolstoy ichaza ukufa Ivana Ilicha. Isishwankathelo sebali - libali yobomi nokufa hero. Kodwa mhlawumbi kuya kukhuthaza ukufunda yokuqala.

Ivan Ilyich wayengunyana ka nguceba yangasese. Uyise waba ngomnye wabo bantu nethamsanqa abaye bakwazi dosluzhivatsya ukuya phezulu gaba, ukufumana indawo wasentsomini kunye nomvuzo olusebenzayo wemali. Noceba lwalo usapho wazala oonyana abathathu. Senior - oluchanekileyo kunye nempumelelo. Junior waya embi, umsebenzi sakhe asiphumelelanga, kwaye khumbula ukuba ukusilela ukuthatha kuluhlu ezinxulumeneyo. Unyana eliphakathi Ivan Ilyich. Wafunda kakuhle. Kwaye umfundi lowo kamva Ndaphantsa sinikelwa ekufeni kwakhe; indoda efuna ukuba ibe kufutshane amagosa aphakamileyo zodidi oluphezulu. Oko esikhundleni sakhe.

Injalo lo mfanekiso lomlinganiswa owadala Tolstoy. Ukufa Ivana Ilicha - ngandlela ithile kungekuphela ukupheliswa emzimbeni ikho. Kwakhona savuka ngokomoya. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa Ivan Ilyich uqala aqonde ukuba ubomi bakhe uthatha imilo ngandlela engalunganga. Nangona kunjalo, i engqongileyo ungazi nto ngaloo nto. Kwaye akukho nto ukutshintsha.

umshado

Kwiminyaka bakhe omncinane, Ivan Ilyich yaba kwindawo lula kwaye kubemnandi eluntwini. Kwaba ngenxa milliners, basele iindywala kunye mkhosi, kunye uhambo zokuzonwabisa elide. Ivan Ilych wakhonza ngenkuthalo. Yonke le nto engqongwe nondiliseko, nesimilo yeengcungcu kunye namagama French. Kwaye emva kweminyaka emibini yenkonzo, wadibana kunye ezizodwa, apho ngogqibeleleyo ukuze indima yomfazi wayo. Praskovya Fyodorovna waba intombazana smart kunye nomtsalane. Kodwa ngaphezu kwako konke - intsapho elungileyo amanene. Ivan I. waba umvuzo olungileyo. Praskovya Fedorovna - isipho esilungileyo. Umtshato nenye intombazana kwabonakala mnandi nje kuphela, kodwa inzuzo. Ngoko Ivan Ilych watshata.

domesticity

Umtshato wathembisa kuye luvuyo kuphela. Enyanisweni, yaba ngenye indlela. Ubunzima kubomi bentsapho - omnye wabo ephakanyiswe ubuchule Leo Tolstoy. "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha", ibali ukuba uqala kusenokubonakala ilula kakhulu, i imisebenzi enzima bulumko. Iqhawe eli bali wayefuna ukwenza ubomi bakhe lula nobunzima-free. Kodwa kwintsapho kwafuneka kudana.

Praskovya Feodorovna indoda isuti wobukhwele, yena aneliseke rhoqo into. Ivan Ilyich liya kusala ukwahlula, amalungiselelo uxolo. Eli hlabathi yaba inkonzo. Xa umsebenzi enkundleni, apho wayichitha onke amandla akhe ukuze oko wanyuselwa ngokukhawuleza ngeposi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi iintloko elinesixhenxe zilandelayo akazange afumane ingqalelo yakhe. Enqwenelekayo indawo iholo eliwaka na ke wamkela ezintlanu, ukususela, ndiphilise ngokwamasiko yakhe, kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa, apho wayesebenza, akazange aqonde.

post entsha

Ngenye imini kwenzeka into ezachaphazela bayahlelwa Ivana Ilicha. ICandelo loMphathiswa lika kwenzeka, ngenxa apho ndafumana isabelo esitsha. Intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eSt Petersburg. Kwikomkhulu, uIvan Ilyich bathenga indlu. Iminyaka eliqela, eyona umxholo ntsapho yaba kuthengwe ingaphakathi ethile. Life uza lubonise imibala ezintsha eqaqambileyo. Ukuxabana ne Praskovey Fedorovnoy nangona kwenzeke ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa hayi kangako edakumbile Ivana Ilicha, njengokuba ngaphambili. Ngapha koko, ukuba ngoku entle kunye nesikhundla ubunzima eluntwini.

Bonke kuya kuba kuhle, ukuba kukufa Ivana Ilicha. Shwankathela kwiinyanga zokugqibela zobomi bakhe kule ndlela ilandelayo: yena ubunzima uthiye nabani na ningazi intlungu yakhe.

isifo

Isifo wafika wangena ebomini bakhe ngokungalindelekanga. Noko ke, oko ngenkankulu ukuya iindaba kwesi sifo embi aphathwe ngomoya. Kodwa ityala Ivana Ilicha kakhulu ezibuhlungu. Akukho namnye koogqirha akazange athi ngokuqinisekileyo, ukusuka apho ubunzima. Yaba kwizintso phenyane, okanye isifo wamathumbu kwiintetho ezikralayo, okanye isifo engaziwayo kwaphela. Kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba akukho oogqirha nemizalwane Ivana Ilicha wayengafuni ukuba uqonde ukuba yintoni na kubaluleke kangaka kuye kwafunyaniswa nje elula, nakuba inyaniso eyoyikekayo. Uya kuphila? Yenza isifo esibulalayo emenza ubuhlungu kangaka?

Gerasim

Kuthiwa ukuba iintlungu emzimbeni Ivana Ilicha baba nanto ngonxunguphalo kwengqondo yakhe. Uluvo lwakhe ukuba uyalushiya, yabangela intlungu enkulu kuye. Healthy ibala Praskovya Fyodorovna, imvakalozwi yakhe uzolile yaye behanahanisa kwabangela kuphela umsindo. Akazange udinga unonophelo ugqirha umfazi wakhe kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo. Ivan Ilyich waba soloko imfesane. Umntu kuphela lowo ekwaziyo kwayo, yajika ukuba ube ngumkhonzi Gerasim.

Lo mfana ubuyeleyo inkosi ofayo ngobubele elula. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuba utyiwa Ivana Ilicha, - nto yaba bubuxoki. Praskovya Fedorovna wenza ukuba umyeni wakhe nje abagulayo, ukuba ufanele ukuphathwa kwaye ukuzola. Kodwa Ivan Ilyich wayesazi ukuba wayesele eza kufa, yaye ezinzima wayefuna ukuba kusinda. Gerasim akazange kuxoka, yena ngokunyanisekileyo ischahshemu uvelwano kunye inkosi abuthakathaka. Kwaye ngaphezulu Ndibize le umlimi elula, kwaye incoko elide kunye naye.

Ukufa Ivana Ilicha

Funda isishwankathelo, njengokuba kuthiwe, akwanelanga ukuba uzive ubunzulu ibali umbhali enkulu Russian. UTolstoy wachaza mathuba yokugqibela ebomini bomntu ngokucacileyo ukuba kubonakala yena hero baba imvakalelo komphefumlo mawungcwatywe umzimba. Ivan Ilyich kule ngcaciso imfutshane wokugqibela baqala ukuqonda ukuba buhlungu iintsapho zabo. Wayefuna ukuba athethe into, kodwa kuphela ngokwaneleyo enyanzelisa ukuba avakalise "Ndicela uxolo." Yena akazange akoyike ukufa, nto leyo eye yaba aqhelekileyo kwiinyanga zakutsha nje. Kuphela nemvo isiqabu. Into yokugqibela ke weva Ivan Ilyich, - awathethwa ngumntu ecaleni elithi "phezu."