UTamara Makarova - oyintombi yokuqala ye-cinema yaseSoviet

Inxaxheba yakhe yathintela umnqweno wokuxelisa izigidi zabafazi baseSoviet. Imifanekiso eboniswe nguye kwisikrini yenza iintliziyo zabantu abaninzi bebetha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kodwa uthando lwakhe lunikezwa nguSergei Gerasimov kuphela . Wayekunye naye ebomini, kwingcamango, nangokwemvelo.

Intombi yokuqala ye-cinema yaseSoviet uTamara Makarova

USoviet uGerta Garbo wabiza abantu bakaTamara Makarov. Umfanekiso wakhe uphefumulele ukufezekiswa kwemisebenzi entsha yecandelo elungileyo uSerasimov. Emva kokufowunelwa kwimifanekiso ethi "Flower Flower" kunye ne "Masquerade" wamenywa kwiHollywood ngenxa yendima yomntu oyintloko kwifilimu ethi "Imfazwe noxolo", kodwa wenqaba ukudubula. Ama-actresses e-USSR awazange afaneleke avele eNtshonalanga, kwaye angabi nantoni, kuba yena-umdlali wesithandwa, umfazi kunye naye-wayehlala efumana iindima ezinkulu kwimifanekiso yombhali weGenius uSerasimov.

Tamara Makarova. Biography

Inkwenkwezi yekamva yamaSoviet yazalwa eSt. Petersburg ngowe-1907 kwintsapho yaseRashiya. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, le ntombazana iye yahlakulela ukuthambekela kokudala, kwaye sele iselula, uTamara Makarova unomdla kakhulu kwiballet kunye nakwiqonga. Ngomnyaka we-1924, emva kokugqweswa kwakhe, wangena kwi-Creative Workshop, eyayibizwa ngokuba yiGITIS Workshop No. 2. Kulapha udibana noSergey Gerasimov, oza kuhlanganiswa ngayo ubomi bakhe bonke.

I-Debut kwi-movie yenzeke ngo-1927, uMakarova ufumana indima ye-typist uDudkin kwi-movie "Enye ibhatyi." Kwisetyenziswe, wayekho ngaphandle kweso sitrato ngenxa yokumazi nomlawuli oncedisayo. Kodwa, ngokusobala, kwakuyithuba le thamsanqa, kwaye lilapha ukuba okwesihlandlo sesibini ebomini bakhe litshintshana noSergei Gerasimov, owayenenkwenkwezi kule filimu. Abantu abaselula bayathandana, ngoko umtshato kunye nokudibanisa abantu abakhulu-T. Makarova no-S. Gerasimov - kwakhiwa. Ubomi obulandelayo bomdlali omncinci wanikela kumyeni wakhe.

Ngethuba lokubonakala kwimizobo yeGerasimov, uTamara Makarova-umdlali owayesele eqhutywe kumsebenzi womntu. Wakwazi ukusebenzisana nabalawuli ababalaseleyo bexesha IA Pyriev ne-V.I. U-Pudovkin, wayedla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwifilimu nomyeni wakhe. Umsebenzi wabo wokuqala wokubambisana njengomlawuli kunye nomdlali we-actress wabonakala kwiikrini zelizwe ngo-1934. Yayiyifilimu ethi "Ngaba Ndiyakuthanda?", Ngelishwa, ayilondolozwe iintsuku zethu. Ubungqina boqobo buvelise iteksi "I sixhenxe ibindi" ngowe-1936. Kwiminyaka yemfazwe, uTamara Makarova wasebenza njengomongikazi, is sandwich nomqeqeshi woLawulo lwezoPolitiko, esele kwada ngo-1943 eLeningrad.

Tamara Makarova. Ubomi bomntu wenkwenkwezi

Ngowe-1943 intsapho yaseMakarova neGerasimov yafuduswa eTashkent. Apha banomntwana okhulileyo uArthur, owamkela emva kokuvela kubazali bakhe abangumzali igama lomnina, kunye negama eliphakathi likayise. UArthur wayengumntakwabo we-actress, abazali bakhe bagxininiswa. Abafazi babengenabo abantwana basemakhaya.

Ngaphandle, intsapho yayibonakala iyonwabile kwaye iyonwabile. Umdlali onamandla kunye nomlawuli onetalente, bobabini abafundisi beVGIK, abaxhamli bamaxabiso amaninzi, amanani aseburhulumenteni ababalaseleyo, Abaculi baBantu base-USSR. Kodwa abahlobo nabaqhelana nabo bathi emva kwesihenqo sekhredithi yenkwenkwezi egcinwe, ihlazo, ukudumala kunye neinyembezi zazifihliwe ngobuchule. U-Gerasimov owayengumdlali wayenomsindo ongapheliyo wayedla izizathu zokuba nomona. Ngaphambi kwakhe akazange akwazi ukumelana nomfundi wakhe, okanye umdlali we-actress, eneenkwenkwezi kwiifilimu zakhe. Kodwa uTamara Makarova wayengumfazi oyisilumko kwaye akazange athathe imvakalelo ebantwini. Konke oku kuhleli kwinqanaba lokuhleba nokuhleba. Bahlala behlala belinye icala. Kamva, emva kokufa komyeni wakhe, uTamara Makarova wabhala encwadini yakhe ethi "Afterword": "Into endiyiphila ngayo inomdla kum. Ukuba ummangaliso wawunokwenzeka, ndiza kuphinda ndiphinde nditshatile uGerasimov ... "

Umsebenzi wokufundisa

Ukususela ngo-1944 uMakarova usebenze kwiVGIK, kwaye ngo-1968 waba nguprofesa. Abalingisi abaninzi abasesikhathini sethu bakhumbula uTamara Makarova njengomfundisi obalaseleyo onobuhle obungapheliyo kunye neengqiqo. Imiba eyishumi i-VGIK, apho uMasarova wayengumfundisi, cinga yena kunye noSergei Gerasimov abazali babo bobabini. Phakathi kwabafundi babo kwakungu-Inna Makarova, uNataliya Belokhvostikova, uLyudmila Gurchenko, uEvgeny Zharikov, uLydia Fedoseyeva-Shukshina, uSergei Nikonenko, uZhanna Bolotova, uSergei Bondarchuk, uNataliya Fateeva, uNikolay Eremenko, uJr .. Bonke kamva baba ngabadlali abadumileyo kwaye bahlale bekhumbula abacebisi babo ngokufudumala nothando.

Uphumelele kwiklasi yeMakarova , Umculi wabantu baseRashiya uL. Luzhina uthi uTamara Fyodorovna wabhaka abafundi bakhe ngaphandle kweendonga zeziko, kodwa nangaphezulu. Iinqununu zendibano yokudala zihlala zikhathalela abafundi bazo ukuba babe nomsebenzi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ukunakekelwa kwakuboniswa kungekhona kuphela kwimicimbi yokudala, kodwa nakwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. UTamara Fedorovna wasebenzisa ixesha lokuhamba kunye nabafundi kwiivenkile, ekuncedeni ukwenza ukhetho kwiingubo okanye ezicathulweni, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wayesehlawula ukuthenga.

Imemori kwifilimu

Kwi-filmography ye-actress enkulu malunga neendima ezingamashumi amathathu. Umsebenzi wokugqibela odibeneyo we sibini esilawulayo kwakuyifilimu ethi "Leo Tolstoy" (1994), apho indima yeTolstoy idlalwe nguS. Gerasimov, kwaye uTamara Makarova wayenomfanekiso womlobi omkhulu nombhali. Ngomkhosi wefilimu wamazwe ngamazwe eKarlovy Vary, idibhoni yanikezwa i-"Crystal Globe" umvuzo.

UGerasimov washona ngo-1985, kwaye uTamara Makarova akazange avele naphi na. Ukhethe ukuba mncinane kuluntu kwaye wayekhokelela ngendlela yokuphila ephilileyo. Umdlali omhle wasweleka ngo-20.01.1997.