Indlela ukuba babe yi-HIV ne-AIDS?

Yintoni na usuleleko yi-HIV, mhlawumbi uyazi yonke abadala. Ngelishwa, abantu belingekawakhuphi ukuza neendlela ukunyanga esi sifo. Ukuze siphephe iingxaki, kufuneka wazi njani ukuba bosulelwe yi-HIV. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba usuleleko kwaqhenqetha emoyeni. Le mbono ephosakeleyo. Oogqirha ukunika impendulo ecacileyo, iimeko apho kufuneka abethe ixhala. Okunye ngaloo kweli nqaku.

wenza njani i-HIV?

Izazinzulu ezininzi Nixoxisana ngantoni, apho le usulelo. imvelaphi yayo ayaziwa. Kutshanje, oogqirha bayiqonda ukukholelwa ukuba isizathu nyani. Kwimeko yokuqala losulelo eyafunyanwa umzingeli obulele nyani kuxhelwa nje. Kodwa ke into ukuba ezi zilwanyana intsholongwane khange kubonakele egazini. Kuye iiseli efanayo, kodwa hayi enye. Mhlawumbi intsholongwane mutated nje igazi lomntu, kunye nabantu bafunda sifo sibi, njenge AIDS.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho inguqulelo ukuba esi sifo sele zamntu bokuba emfihlekweni. Yaye ukulungele, njengoko isixhobo nempukane.

Enyanisweni, kodwa kubalulekile apho intsholongwane asuka khona, into engundoqo - ukwazi indlela wosulelwe yi-HIV. Ngonyaka zinginginya kwiinkomfa zamazwe ngamazwe, izifundo, apho ukunika impendulo eneenkcukacha lo mbuzo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwinkqubo yesikolo qiniseka ukuba iquke umxholo wezifundo biology malinikelwe kulo mba. Abantwana kufuneka bazi ukuba zonke ngesi sifo ukuze kuncitshiswe ingozi yosulelo.

Iindlela yokosulela kwe-HIV

Abaninzi baye babuza oogqirha njengoko abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo? Strange, kodwa kwinkulungwane yama-21 ukuba asingabo bonke abantu abadala uyazi impendulo yalo mbuzo. Kwaye ukuba lusizi. Emva zonke kuxhomekeke ulwazi impilo yabo. Ngoko ke, kukho iindlela ezininzi yokosulela:

1. Sex without condom. Khumbula ukuba, akukho iipilisi, amakhandlela, ezijikeleze akayi kuba nako ukukhusela nina le ntsholongwane.

2. Ngegazi. Le ndlela kuthiwa parenteral. Olusemngciphekweni Abaxhomekeki kwiziyobisi abasebenzisa kunye iinaliti omnye.

3. Ngokusebenzisa beendawo kamama nomntwana engekazalwa. Oogqirha bathi oku ngendlela nkqo. Kukho iimeko xa usana usulelo uya kuziphepha. Oku kwenzeka xa umfazi omithiyo kuyidla amalungiselelo ayimfuneko zonke iinyanga 9 yokumitha. ukuzala Natural kulo mzekelo ekuvumele ibimele ukuba kwicandelo ngoqhaqho. Ibele nayo ayamkelekanga.

4. Igazi. Amatyala losulelo zinqabile kakhulu.

5. Ukususela kagqirha yesigulane. Oku kwenzeka xa usebenzisa okanye enye utyando, yaye kuphela kwiimeko apho usulelo ayikho eyazisa ngesigulo sakhe. Ngethamsanqa, iimeko ezinjalo zinqabile, kuba abongikazi basebenza kusoloko iiglavu, kwaye uyazi amanyathelo.

Emva kokuba ufunde le ngcaciso ilapha ngasentla, kufuneka ukwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo: "? Njani ukuba babe yi-HIV"

qaphela

Kwisikolo aphakamileyo, izifundo ziqhutywa qho ngonyaka kwaye evulekileyo leeklasi indaba yengculaza. Kwaye oku kwenziwa ngengozi. Kubalulekile ukuba abantu abaselula bayazi ukuba abantu bosulelwe yi-HIV.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kwenzeka ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga. Inyaniso kukuba lo usuleleko ifunyanwa kukuninzi sperm inkunzi kunye endometrium. Ngelo xesha, ukuba elinye amaqabane uye microcracks usuleleko mucosal kwenzeka ngo-95%. Kuphela ukuziphendulela kulo mzekelo - ikhondom. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ezisemgangathweni ophezulu,, brand hayi elingekahlawulwa ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Musa ukukhetha uluhlu ultra-obhityileyo. Ukuxinana kufuneka ziqhubele phambili.

Kungcono ukuba ngesondo kunye namaqabane angavavanywanga xa kuthe kwakho naziphi na izifo yamanina ukhukuliseko wesibeleko. Kulo mzekelo, ingozi yosulelo phezulu kangangoko. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo ezimpundu. Iindonga ingquza ibhityile ukuze microcracks akunakuphepheka. Oku kuchaza isizathu sokuba amafanasini abaninzi HIV.

Khumbula: kwezinto, zocwangciso iipilisi, injectables, patch kwamadlala, amakhandlela kunokukukhusela ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo, kodwa hayi YINTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO uya kuyisindisa.

Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza: "Yintoni na amathuba okuba yokosulelwa yi-HIV ngokusebenzisa ikhondom ngexa lokwabelana ngesondo na?" Le ngozi bancipha ukya ekupheleni nya.

Iziyobisi - sinqumo

Enye indlela losuleleko - ngegazi. Inkoliso yale olusemngciphekweni Abaxhomekeki kwiziyobisi abasebenzisa isirinji. Amathuba wokufumana i-HIV ngokusebenzisa inaliti, nto leyo sele isetyenziswa, ye yi-65%. Kwaye oku ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha. Oko kukuthi, ukungenisa lonke ixesha yena yenaliti yalapha, amathuba ka-50 ukuya ku-50 Nantso lukhulu.

Ingakumbi kwendyebo yasekuqaleni kweminyaka ye-AIDS kubantu ngamakhoboka, iwile ukuya kwiminyaka 90. Ngaloo mihla, likhoboka isiyobisi uye wanda, kunye neesirinji ezilahlwayo zibiza imali eninzi. Ngoko ke, ukuba bafumane indlela wena ngabanye, yayingeyiyo.

Ngoku ke ipesenti yabantu abaphila ne-HIV kunye nokusetyenziswa iisirinji ngebhegi zehla kakhulu. Okokuqala, iphulo lolwazi uye wanceda, abantu baqala ukuqonda isifo indlela serious obungena. Okwesibini, phezu iisirinji amaxabiso bawile kakhulu.

Ukuba unomdla lo mbuzo: "Yintoni na ithuba HIV kwenaliti esetyenziswa yi ogulayo?" Impendulo yalo ilula. Ngelishwa, bekuya kuba 100%. Virus ukuba ungene egazini, umzimba angazishiyi naliphi na ithuba boyise usulelo lwe-HIV, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unamandla kangakanani omzimba ebantwini.

Ngelishwa, kukho amatyala abantwana abosulelwe, ukuba iisirinji ukufumana kunye iinaliti esitratweni ziqala ukuba udlale nabo. Ngaba kwayo nayiphi na imeko engenakwenzeka. Akukho namnye unako ukuqinisekisa ukuba inaliti - igazi lomntu uninfected.

Cinga ngekamva labantwana

Oomama abakhulelweyo kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba athathe uvavanyo lwe-HIV. Xa erejistarisha nasiphi na isibhedlele, oku kufanele. Uhlalutyo nakanjani simahla, yaye phantse elula. Ekubeni igazi umthambo kuthathwa ize ithunyelwe elebhu. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva sikulungele ukuphendula. Ukuba HIV - umzimba umama elizayo owosulelekileyo.

Kule meko, bekuya kuba sihambelane mbuzo: "Yintoni na amathuba okuba yokosulelwa yi-HIV kwi umntwana esiswini" Kukho umngcipheko, kwaye ke kakhulu phezulu. Ngowe-30% amatyala usana azalwe ene-HIV. Le ngxaki kunokwenzeka ukuba umama akafuni ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo ngexa ngokuzala, lokuncancisa.

A Kukho inkxalabo enkulu yokusuleleka yiHIV xa usana ukuzalwa zendalo, ukuba umama buzinze isixa esikhulu iintsholongwane xa inwebu kwiinwebu isibeleko. Ngoko ke, kwiimeko ezininzi, enze uqhaqho ukukhusela impilo yosana.

Abasebenzi bezempilo engozini

Abantu ezinxulumene amayeza, nabo basemngciphekweni. Amathuba osulelo kakhulu engabalulekanga (0.3%), kodwa ke apho. izifo emva izixhobo lwamazinyo zarekhodwa, leyo baphathwa kakubi.

Ngaphambi kokuba ahlinzwe kufuneka isigulane ukuba athathe igazi-HIV. Ukuba iziphumo zithi umntu lowo unesi sifo, abasebenzi bezempilo athobele onke amanyathelo okhuseleko.

Ingaba kukho amanyathelo othintelo?

Iindlela yokosulelwa yi-HIV sele ichaziwe ngentla, kodwa kukho nawaphi na amanyathelo othintelo? Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kufuneka bahlambe izandla rhoqo, intsholongwane igumbi nayo yonke into elolo hlobo. Kodwa akunjalo. Khumbula: Ungaba zosuleleke kuphela ukuba igazi, amadlozi okanye ubisi lwebele wagula kwi isifo eyonakeleyo lomntu esempilweni. Ukuze uphephe oku, kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:

1. Ngexesha sex, usoloko usebenzisa ikhondom.

2. Musa ukusebenzisa iisirinji esebenza.

3. Ukuba inaliti afumaneka kwi esitratweni, qiniseka ukuba banxibe iiglavu ukulahla ukuze oku akubi into yokudlala abantwana.

4. Phambi ukukhulelwa izicwangciso bavavanyelwe i-HIV.

5. Ukuba intsholongwane ibonakele egazini, ngelixa yokumitha ulandele iingcebiso zonke kagqirha.

Yonke le mithetho elula kufuneka yenziwe ngabantu, yaye ngoko ke sifo kwenkulungwane yama-21 liya kuba ukuphumelela.

Musa ukoyika

Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza, "njani ukufumana i-HIV?":

• Esebenzisa izinto zemihla ngemihla. Enoba uhlala indlu abosulelekileyo umntu, musa ukoyika ukusebenzisa enye itawuli, amacephe, amashiti kunye nangaphezulu.

• Ngokuphefumelelana emoyeni.

• Ngokusebenzisa ukwanga. Izazinzulu ziye zabonisa ukuba losuleleko yenye nethontsi legazi. Kodwa kufuneka iikomityi 4 kwamathe ukuze kufikelelwe ukufumaneka ezinqwenelekayo.

• Ngokusebenzisa uluma. Iingcongconi, iincukuthu kunye nezinye igazi-iilekese ayikwazi ukuba abathwali yosulelo lwe-HIV.

Khumbula: ithuba lokuba wosuleleke ne-HIV kwi-bume zasekhaya lifinyele ku nothi. Imbali zingazange zibhalwe meko efanayo.

Zibe phezu lindani

Ingozi yokusuleleka yiHIV wonke umntu ongaphumeleliyo ukuthobela imiqathango ezisisiseko ukhuseleko. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko ezithile wabantu abachaphazeleka kakhulu ezisemngciphekweni:

• alala;

• Abaxhomekeki;

• abantu eziphethe kakubi;

• abantwana abosulelwe HIV-abo esizalweni somfazi.

Amanani kuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bosulelwe yintsholongwane ngo-70%.

Uhlalutyo yoqeshiso

Ukuze ubone ukuba unayo na intsholongwane, kwanele ukuba athathe uvavanyo lwegazi. Oku kungenziwa nayiphi na isibhedlele wesithili okanye iziko lonyango okhethekileyo. Uhlalutyo free ngokupheleleyo. Kwathi ngayo umntu. Ukuba ufuna ukuba bayakwazi kuyichitha ngemfihlo. Yanele ukuba kudlule igazi evela umthambo, yaye uza emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa sikulungele ukuphendula.

Kukho iimvavanyo olukhawulezileyo ukuba kuthengiswa ezikhemisti. indleko kakhulu phezulu, yaye isiphumo ilungele ngemizuzu 40-50. Qokelela amathe ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ufake kwi estrip uvavanyo olulodwa, nto leyo iqhotyoshelwe apha. Oogqirha bakulumkele isifo esinjalo, kwaye ikakhulukazi sithembele.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba azisinyangi isifo?

Ithuba yokosulelwa yi-HIV umntu owazi konke malunga esi sifo ka kuyinto zero. Ukubona amanyathelo othintelo, abantu ukugcina ubomi babo. Kude kube ngoku uluntu kusungulwe unyango AIDS.

Ngenxa yoku, kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba le ntsholongwane esidalwe ngumntu ukuze abe isixhobo nempukane mthetho kuluntu. Osukuba kuba eneneni, akukho namnye kwelebhu akukho sokugonya ehlabathini, nto leyo iza kunceda bayiphilise imilwelwe.

Kakade ke, namayeza afanelekileyo kude Bakuba bezile ke, kukho amayeza ukunceda ukwandisa ubomi izigulane ezine-HIV. Banceda ukugcina umzimba, ukuphucula nezifo. Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, uncedo kuphela ukwenza ubomi, ukunyanga esi sifo.

Indlela yokukhusela abantwana?

Ngasinye ufunda inqaku uyazi ukuba wosuleleke njani na i-HIV. Kwaye ufuna ukuthetha ngayo abantwana nabafikisayo nokuba? Ngaphandle kwentandabuzo. Ngapha koko, yonke ingcaciso ayifumene kuxhomekeke ebomini babo. Kufuneka wazi ukuba isifo esinganyangekiyo.

Kusenokubonakala ngathi abantwana abancinane zosuleleke ngayo? Brainer. Kwaye iimeko ezinjalo ingaqhelekanga. Isibakala sokuba abasebenzisi beziyobisi badla ndawonye kwiipaki apho kuhamba khona amatakane. Ukushiya iisirinji zabo kunye iinaliti kwi kwamatyholo, kwipitsi, phezu ujingi, ukuba abayiqondi into kunengozi enkulu yaye kuzisa ukutya abantwana. Ngapha koko, abantwana anomdla izinto ezintsha, ke bonwabile ukuqalisa kubo ukudlala, engazi ingozi.

Umsebenzi abazali - ukulandela ngokusondeleyo kwiinkalo abafanele ukuqwebela abantwana. Ukuba kwafunyanwa ngequbuliso isirinji, ngocoselelo ukulahla kuyo. Ukuba usana bahlabeka, kufuneka ngokuyimfuneko ukuze zihlolelwe ubukho bale ntsholongwane egazini.

Kuba elivisayo, le nkcazelo nayo ibalulekile. Kubalulekile ukuba uyazi indlela zosuleleke ngayo yi-HIV ne-AIDS. Akumangalisi izikolo ezineeklasi evulekileyo zibanjwa isifundo kunye nokuqwalaselwa yesihloko. Abo lweli bakholelwa ukuba iintetho ezinje besikolo azamkelekanga kuba mancinane kakhulu, engalunganga.

Ezona mpawu zibalulekileyo

Ukugqiba, kwakhona ndingathanda kukhumbuza zombini bosulelwe yi-HIV:

1. Ngegazi.

2. Xa umfowunelwa ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga, xa elinye amaqabane iyagula.

3. Unina womntwana ngobisi lwebele, ngumkhaya kunye nonikezelo lobufazi.

Zonke ezi zindlela yokosulela uya kuziphepha. kuphela ukuba ukuthobela imiqathango yokhuseleko ngokwaneleyo:

• Ngethuba lokuba neentlobano zesini ukusebenzisa iikhondom esemgangathweni. Ezinye iindlela zokucwangcisa musani ukunika ukhuseleko nxamnye le ntsholongwane.

• Musa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi.

• Zibhedlela sebenzisa iisirinji ezilahlwayo.

• Le meko kuba nzima ngakumbi xa umama okhulelweyo unalo uvavanyo iziphumo ezidibanisayo. Abantu abaninzi bayabuza: "Yintoni na amathuba wokufumana usana HIV of" Eneneni isiphumo okubi ifumaneka kuphela ngo-30% yamatyala. Ukuba impatho ekhethekileyo unina uthatha indawo, kwiimvuthuluka kufuneka ithuba ukuzalwa besempilweni.

Thatha Ukunyamekela impilo yakho, khumbula - Yiyo le into sixabisekileyo unayo. Ngelishwa, akukho unyango AIDS. Izazinzulu ehlabathini lonke ulwa isitofu sokugonya, kodwa watsho phantsi. Ngoko bagcine amanyathelo okhuseleko cebetshu banandiphe ubomi ngokupheleleyo.