Uphi Belgium? ulwimi State Belgian

UBukumkani Belgium olilungu NATO, i-UN kunye EU. Inani labantu abahlala kuloo ndawo kuthetha ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-10.5. Ukongeza kweli nqaku siza kukubonisa iphi na Belgium, ezinye iindawo ngomda, kwakunye nesakhiwo yolawulo kunye nembali.

Overview

Belgium - lizwe a nge lobukhosi siseko yasepalamente. Ngokutsho uhlobo lwesakhiwo lolawulo-ndawo ukuba umanyano. Lwemali eBelgium - Euro. Isixeko imali Brussels. Belgium Area - 30.528 macala onke. km. Name België (niderl.) Kufika ukusuka ethnonym wamaCelts lesizwe lithanda. Uphi Belgium? Federation ibekwe eNtshona Yurophu. Kumantla eBelgium phezu komda kunye eNetherlands, entshona kunye nomzantsi - France kunye Germany - ukuya ngasempuma Luxembourg emzantsi-mpuma.

Background Brief Historical

Xa BC 54. e. indawo kumntla lwaseGaul (apho Belgium ngoku) woyisa umkhosi Yuliya Tsezarya. Emva kokuba uBukhosi baseRoma bawa kwiphondo ngenkulungwane yesihlanu wayithimba Franks (izizwe German). Zidalwa kule ntsimi ebukumkanini bakhe. KuMbindi Ages België yaba yinxalenye Duchy ka-Burgundy, yaye ukususela 1556 kwada 1713th waba yingxenye yeSpain. Ukwahlulwa mmandla Belgian evela Netherlands baqalisa kwiMfazwe Yeminyaka asibhozo '.

Ukususela ngo 1713 België yaba oyiNgcwele baseRoma uBukhosi njengoko Austria Netherlands. Ukususela 1792 de 1815 th eBelgium wafudukela eFransi. Emva koko, kude kube 1830, waba yinxalenye Netherlands. Kulo nyaka, ngoSeptemba 23, kwabakho revolution. Ngenxa izixholoxholo Belgium yafumana inkululeko waza waba bubukumkani cala. nomlawuli walo ngelo xesha Leopold I.

Development emva kwenkululeko,

Kucace ngokunzima Bakha uqoqosho imbumba elizayo kwinkulungwane XIX. Ummandla apho Belgium, waba ngowokuqala yezwekazi eYurophu, apho lwakwakhiwa kaloliwe. F / A ngelaphu ezinithiweyo eBrussels kunye Mechelen. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX, Belgium waba ilizwe lobukoloniyali. Notywala apha kuye ukususela 1885 kwada 1908 yaba lilizwe lokuqala ye-Congo, nto leyo ngoku riphablik yolawulo lwentando yesininzi. ukuxhatshazwa elikhutheleyo thanga amelwe yenye yemithombo ebalulekileyo yenkqubela mveliso kunye nokuhlaziywa eyinkunzi yaseBelgium. Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi (ibizwa i "IMfazwe Enkulu") ye nakwiimanyano elizayo bahlupheka kakhulu. Ngo kwesinye sezixeko (Ieper) yaye isicelo ngisho igesi.

Ngowe-1925, ngokunxulumene kunye nesiphelo yesivumelwano phakathi iNetherlands Belgium, owokugqibela ezilahlekileyo cala layo. Ukongeza, kwizibuko Antwerp waba ukulwa. Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, Belgium lahlaselwa amaJamani, kunye Korol Leopold III wagxothelwa eJamani. Emva kokuba kukhululwe kummandla urhulumente omtsha kwasekwa. Intloko karhulumente ngoxa yena ukumkani. Ngo-2013, i-yokuqala amabini ngoJulayi, apho ibekwa kaFilipu I. Ukusukela ekusekweni kwayo, Belgium yi lobukhosi-siseko, yaye ukususela ngowe-1980 - lizwe federal.

division zokuphatha

Kweli lizwe kukho iinkqubo ezimbini ngaxeshanye. I Federation yahlulwe kwiingingqi ezintathu. Ababini kubo, ke, ukuba iphondo yabo;

Xa Region Flemish iquka:

• Antwerp.
• East eFlanders.
• Limburg.
• West eFlanders.
• Flemish Brabant.

Kwingingqi Walloon iquka:

• Liege.
• Eno.
• Luxembourg.
• Barbant Wallon.
• Namur.

Kukho kwakhona i Brussels-Capital Region. Ukongeza, Belgium uye uluntu ulwimi ezintathu. Kwinkalo yobuchule babo - Imiba yenkcubeko,, imisebenzi zenzululwazi zemfundo kunye nemidlalo. iinkokeli zengingqi inxaxheba ekusombululeni imiba ye uqoqosho lwengingqi, okusingqongileyo kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu (umz ulwakhiwo yendlela).

Map of Belgium

Lo mmandla wonke yahlulelwe kwii ariya ezintathu zejografi. Emzantsi-mpuma - yi Ardennes leentaba, kumntla-ntshona - kumathafa aselunxwemeni. Isahlulo sesithathu - ke ephakathi. Belgium Low (ithafa lonxweme) Ngokusisiseko polders kunye neendunduma uyisanti. I yangaphambili ziquka amanxuwa ziphantsi kwesoyikiso zizikhukula. Bona ikhuselwe amadama okanye amasimi kunye imijelo eyenziweyo ezizodwa, amalungiselelo kude ukusuka elwandle. Polders ezi zathu kakhulu. Phakathi kwimimandla esentshona (Scheldt kunye Fox) iqhuba emathafeni Flemish. Emva kokuba ibekwe Kempen (kummandla wejografi). I-landscape kule ndawo kakhulu zimelwe amadlelo kunye namahlathi nompleyini kunye namasimi ingqolowa.

liyinkangala

Phakathi ezintlanjeni imilambo Meuse kunye Sambre kunye Kempen kukho avareji Belgium. Oku ke ephakathi. Kukho ikakhulu amathafa zodongwe, ezo kancane kancane ukuya yeentlambo. Kule ndawo, umhlaba ndawo zichume kulo lonke eBelgium. Ethafeni engundoqo ziquka iphondo Hainaut, kumzantsi entla Limburg Liege. Uninzi ilizwe kuhlala amadlelo kunye namadlelo. Phakathi kwabo Farms (estate zasemaphandleni).

entabeni Ardennes

Belgium High luphawulwa intabalala amahlathi kunye nobuninzi ephantsi ngobulungisa babantu. Le isiqabu imelwe kakhulu ziintaba. Kulo mba, lo mmandla zange ziphuhliswe kakuhle ezolimo. Nangona kunjalo, lo mmandla sele itsale bekuthi labakhenkethi. Iqala Belgium High ukusuka ezintlanjeni i-Meuse kunye Sambre imilambo Yolule ukuya ezantsi. Nje emva kwabo ubuxoki Condroz (indawo geographical). Lo mmandla esilawulwa iinduli ephantsi, okuphakama -. Hayi ngaphezulu kwama-300 eemitha ukuya aphezulu Belgium ziquka yinxalenye amaphondo Liege, Namur kunye emo. Emva kubo ibekwe iinduli eziphakamileyo - Ardennes. aba bahamba becala lwamahlathi. iilali encinane kuyo yonke indawo, idityaniswe iindlela, emajikojiko yeNyoka. E Ardennes e Belgium yeyona ndawo iphezulu - Mount Botranzh (694 m).

kuqamba yobuhlanga

labemi beli lizwe yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini eziphambili. Eyokuqala i Flemish. Bona besenza malunga nama-60% yabemi. Malunga ne-40% Walloons. Flemings abahlala kumaphondo amahlanu wasentla. Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni kule ndawo kucingwa ukuba Dutch. Abahlali bathi nezendawo zayo ezininzi. Walloons bahlala phantsi namaphondo amahlanu esemazantsi. Bathetha Walloon, isiFrentshi kunye nezinye iilwimi ezininzi. Emva kokuba Federation yazimela, ukuba indawo frankoorientirovannoy. Okokuqala kukho omnye eBelgium ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni - isiFrentshi. Noko ke, ndimele ndithi ukuba akusoloko Flemings ibe inxalenye enkulu yabemi. Kodwa kule eFlanders kangangethuba ixesha elide, isiFrentshi yaba ulwimi kuphela emfundo ephakamileyo kunye aphakamileyo.

Ekupheleni leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi waqalisa intshukumo akhutheleyo ekukhululweni i Flemish. Lakhula laba ebizwa ngokuba "lomzabalazo ulwimi." Iziphumo intshukumo beluphelela nje kule minyaka ingama-60-th zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ngowe-1963, yayamkela uluhlu lwemithetho elawula ukusetyenziswa kolwimi in izihlandlo olusemthethweni. Ngo-1980, nokwazeka ngokusesikweni njengolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni lwesibini eBelgium - Netherlands. Noko ke, nangona eli inkqubela, eyayikhona phakathi kwamaqela iimanyano eziphambili ezimbini kuyaqhubeka.

Ulwakhiwo lwezopolitiko

Njengoko kuxeliwe apha ngasentla, Belgium - yinto lobukhosi-siseko kunye umanyano. Intloko karhulumente iNkulumbuso. Namhlanje, le sithuba iye yabanjwa Elio Di Rupo. Ngokuqhelekileyo uba yinkulumbuso mmeli iqela elaphumelela ezona voti zininzi kunyulo. Ukumkani utyumba urhulumente. IPalamente nayo inxaxheba imvume nokubunjwa kwayo. NgokoMgaqo-siseko, urhulumente kufuneka ihloniphe isidima kweelwimi: 50% kufuneka amele uluntu, ethetha in Dutch, ne-50% - kwiqela othetha isiFrentshi. Federation IPalamente yakhiwe amagumbi amabini. Top - a Yeengwevu. Ezantsi - House of Representatives. Bobabini babo kwakheka kwi isiseko unyulo ngqo jikelele, ezenzeka rhoqo kwiminyaka 4. Ilungelo lokuvota bonke abemi beli lizwe abaye wayeneminyaka eli-18 ubudala. KwiNdlu yaBameli lamalungu 150 neNdlu Yeengwevu - Belgium 71. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa lo mfelandawonye ezimbini, kuba yahlulahlulwe ngaxeshanye kwiindawo ezintathu kweelwimi kunye neziphaluka ezintathu. urhulumente Kwalo nepalamente babe phantse bonke bephela. Le Okungumahluko Flemish Region kunye Niderlandoyazychnoe noluntu. Kungokuvumelana kwanakubalawuli okunene kuzo ukuba simanyene. Ngenxa yoko, Belgium uye ephalamende ezintandathu kunye noorhulumente ezininzi. Urhulumente federal alungelelanisa ezenziwa nezinye izakhiwo zolawulo ezintlanu. Ukongeza, yena elijongene nezokhuselo, wezangaphandle, inkamnkam, imigaqo-nkqubo yezimali kunye noqoqosho kunye nezinye iingxaki zesizwe.