Unyango lwamathambo kwisithupha. U-Valgus ukukhubazeka kwezwane: unyango

Ukuguqulwa kukaValgus yinkathazo eqhelekileyo, ngakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka yobudala. Izibonda ezisezantsi kwezwane ezinkulu azibukeka zihle kakhulu, kwaye njengoko isifo sifana, ukukhubazeka kubangela ukungahambi kahle ngokomzimba. Ngoko yintoni unyango lweethambo kwisithupha? Ziziphi iindlela amayeza anamhlanje anikezela ngazo?

Yintoni i-valgus deformation?

Iimvumba ezimbi kwiimilenze kwiimeko ezininzi azikho nje ukukhubazeka kwe-valgus yezinzwane ezinkulu. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo zezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukubuyiswa kwakhona komthwalo kwintshukumo yeenyawo, oko kukukhokelela ekuphambukeni kwepalanx yesithupha kwinqanaba lezemvelo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, olo tshintsho luchaphazela imeko yazo onke amathambo enyawo - ekungabikho kwonyango, ukuguquka kuya kugqithisa yonke i-phalanges kunye namalungu.

Iinjongo eziphambili ze-deformation de foot

Enyanisweni, le ntsholongwane yeenyawo ikhula phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezininzi-zangaphandle nangaphakathi. Okokuqala, i-genetic predisposition kufuneka iboniswe kwisihlomelo sezizathu - ukuba unina unesiphelo sesigodlo, ngokokuba izifo ezinyaweni ziya kubonakala kwiintombi zakhe nazo ziphakamileyo. Ngendlela, isondo sesini sinokubangelwa kwimingcipheko, njengabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-70 ubudala.

Ukongezelela, esi sifo sihlala siqhagamshelana nokugqoka izicathulo ezingakhawulezileyo kwisithende esingasigxininisi kunye ne-toe cape. Inyaniso kukuba izicathulo ngexesha lokuhamba zidala ukungalingani - umthwalo omkhulu uwela phambi kweenyawo.

Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya uhlobo olujikelezayo lweenyawo, apho kukho utshintsho kwisithingi se-muscle ngaphambili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukugqithisa komzimba kudala umthwalo owongezelelweyo, okwandisa umngcipheko wokutshintsha. Ngamanye amaxesha, amathambo emilenzeni avela ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kwemishini, umzekelo, ukutyumla, ukuphuka okanye ukuchithwa.

Amanyathelo okuphuhliswa kwesifo

Ngelishwa, isifo seenyawo ezinjalo sithathwa njengeengxaki eziqhelekileyo. Kwaye kubalulekile ukubona ukubonakala kwe-deformation kumanyathelo okuqala, xa kusenokwenzeka ukulungisa yonke into ngaphandle kokusebenzisa uncedo lwagqirha. Kwimichiza yanamhlanje, kuyaqhelekileyo ukuhlula izigaba ezine zokuphuhliswa kwe-valgus deformity of the thumb:

• Isigaba sokuqala. Ukuhambelana nokuphambukiswa okufutshane kwidwangu (ngaphantsi kwama-degrees angama-20) kwaye kunobungcali obuhle ngaphezu kokuphazamiseka ngokomzimba.
• Kwinqanaba lesibini lophuhliso lwesifo, i-angle of deviation is approximately 20-30 degrees.
• Isigaba sesithathu sibonakala ngokufuduka kwee-degrees ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-50, ngelixa kukho ukulungiswa kokuqala kwamanye ama-phalanges amanqina kunye nokunyanzeliswa okunyanisekileyo kumalungu eesithupha.
• Kwinqanaba lesine, i-angle ye-deflection ingaphezu kwama-degree angama-50, ngelixa kubonakala ingqwalaselo ebalulekileyo yeenyawo zonke, kwaye izigulana zikhalaza intlungu.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kuyafaneleka ukuqonda ukuba izifo ezinyaweni ezinjalo ziyingozi kakhulu kwaye ziyingozi. Ngoko ke, xa iinconci ezincinci zivela kwisiseko senzwane enkulu, kufuneka ufune ngokukhawuleza uncedo kumgqirha wamathambo.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezihambelana nesi sifo?

Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-valgus deformity ihamba kunye nenani leempawu eziphawulekayo. Kwizigaba zokuqala, unokubona ukubunjwa kwamachule amancinane, "amathambo" kwisiseko senzwane enkulu. Ekuqaleni, izigulane zibona into efana nesiphene sokuzilungisa, njengoko kungenakunzima.

Kodwa njengoko isifo siphula, isithupha sinokuqala ukuphuma kwezinye iiphalanges. Izigulane zikhalazela ubunzima emilenzeni nasekunyameni, ezibonakala zihamba ngokukhawuleza, ngokukodwa kwizicathulo ezingakhawulezileyo. Kwinqanaba lesithathu, intlungu iba ngumntu ohlala ehlala naye. Ngokuqhelekileyo amaxhepha achaphazelekayo aqala ukutshiswa - izicubu ezithambileyo zivule kwaye ulusu luya kubomvu. Isigaba sesine sokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo sibonakaliswe ukuguqulwa kwama-phalanges onke enzwane - intlungu ibakho rhoqo, kwanaxa ephumla.

Iindlela zokuxilonga

Ukukrokraza i-valgus ukukhubazeka kwesithupha kunzima kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba isiguli sicele uncedo kwizigaba ezilandelayo zokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, zikhona ezinye izifo zonyawo ezihambelana neempawu ezifanayo - umzekelo, ukuchithwa kwamathambo kunokudibana ne-arthritis, i-gout nezinye izifo. Ngako oko, isigulane sinconywa ukuba senze ezinye iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo, ngokukodwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray - kumfanekiso ugqirha uya kuba nokubona ngokuchanekileyo ubukho beqondo kunye neqondo lobunzima balo, ngokufanelekileyo, liya kunika impendulo kumbuzo wokuphatha kakuhle isifo esifana nesinyawo esifanayo.

Unyango lwamathambo kwisithupha

Ukuba unakho ukungathandabuzeki ngokuphuhliswa kokukhubazeka, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela. Ukunyangwa kwelitye kwisiqwenga kuncike kakhulu kwisigaba sesifo. Kwizigaba zokuqala, le meko inokulungiswa ngoncedo lweendlela ezizimeleyo, kodwa nakubani na ukufaneleka ukulungiselela ukuba unyango luya kuba lude kwaye lunzima.

Ukuba kukho inkqubo yokuvuvukala, ukuqala ngokugqirha kufuneka udlulise umgangatho wesigulane. Kule nto iphelile, iindidi ezichasene nezidakamizwa zisetyenzisiweyo - umphumo omkhulu kulo mzekelo unama-gels akhethekileyo kunye namafutha.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukukhetha izicathulo ezifanelekileyo. Ukusuka kwizikhonkwane eziphakamileyo kunye neenzwane ezinqamlekileyo, kuya kufuneka ulahlekelwe izicathulo ezinqabileyo zesikhumba ezinezinzwane ezinkulu. Ngokufanelekileyo, izicathulo mazibe ngama-orthopedic kwaye zincede ukuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo umthwalo kwinqanaba. Ugqirha uyakukukhetha ukutya okufanelekileyo, okuya kukunceda ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba nokunciphisa amathuba okuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala.

Ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo (imihla ngemihla) yokunyathela iinyawo, eziya kukunceda ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwezixhobo zeligament. Ukongezelela, ungakhohlwa ukuba izihlunu ezincinci nazo zenza igalelo ekukhutsheni - ukwenzela ukuba kupheliswe lo mngcipheko, izigulane zikwacetyiswa ukuba ziqhube izifundo zokuhlalisa umzimba.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango luquka zonke iintlobo ze-physiotherapy. Ngokukodwa, izigulane zinikwa ngamabhayo ezonyango, kunye ne-electrophoresis ngamachiza, unyango lwe-ultrasound, unyango lwamathambo.

Iingcingo ze-orthopediki zokulungisa

Ama-orthopedics anamhlanje anika ezininzi izixhobo ezikunceda ukulungisa ulungelelaniso kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ngokomzekelo, izigulane zikwacetyiswa ukuba zithole izibhengezo ezizodwa, eziqinisekisa ukulayishwa kwe-joint joint.

Ukongeza, i-bandage esebenzayo yethambo emlenzeni ithathwa njengento efanelekileyo, e "yongenisa" umnwe ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye igcine. Esi sixhobo sihlala silala ebusuku, kuba ukuhamba kuyo akuyona into elula kakhulu.

Izixhobo zokudibanisa i-interdigital kunye nezimo ezikhethekileyo zinceda ngokuchanekileyo ukuhambisa umthwalo kwi-forefoot kwaye uyibukeke ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuxhasa isalathiso esinqamlekileyo seenyawo, kusetshenziswe iziza ezikhethekileyo, kodwa aziklanyelwe ukugqoba ngokusisigxina.

Enye yeemveliso eziphambili kwiimathambo zanamhlanje ziyivili, apho kukho iipahla kwithambo lesithupha. Zisetyenziselwa zombini ukonyango olulondolozo, kwaye ngexesha lokuvuselela emva kokuhlinzwa. Ivili elinjalo linokugqithwa rhoqo, nangaphantsi kwezicathulo.

Ugqirha lwezobuchopho

Ngelishwa, iimbonki kwizithupha zisoloko zingenakulungiswa kwiindlela zokonga zonyango. Kwezinye iimeko, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uphendule uncedo lwagqirha. Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezingaphezu kwewaka zokuqhuba imisebenzi enjalo - ukhetho lokulungisa indlela yokulungisa ixhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwesifo kunye neepathologies ezihamba kunye.

Kwezinye iimeko, inxalenye yentloko ye- metatarsal okanye i-phalanx yesithupha isuswe. Kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo oogqirha banokubuyisela isakhiwo esiqhelekileyo senyawo. Ngethuba le nkqubo, ugqirha ugqithisa iigaments ezungeze amacandelo kwaye ubuyisela isikhundla esiqhelekileyo ukuya ekugqibeleni. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, amathambo axhomekeke kwii-screws ezikhethekileyo. Kuphela kwiimeko ezibuhlungu kakhulu, amanxeba achaphazelekayo enyawo athatyathwa yimpembelelo.

Ixesha lokubuyiselwa emva kokuhlinzwa

Ubude bexesha lokuvuselela lixhomekeka ngokukodwa kwinqanaba lobunzima bokusebenza. Kwiimeko ezininzi, sele isele kwiintsuku ezingama-1-2 isigulane sinokuze senze nokuba senze ukunyakaza okuchanekileyo ngeminwe yakhe. Njengomthetho, emva kweentsuku ezili-10 isigulane sinokuhamba, kodwa, ngokwemvelo, ukuqwalasela ezinye izilumkiso. Kubalulekile ukukhusela imithwalo emide kunye enzulu kumalungu ezinyawo.

Ukongezelela, kuyafaneleka ukunyamekela izicathulo ezifanelekileyo - kufuneka ukuba zikhululekile, zinezandla ezininzi kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kakuhle. Ngendlela, kungcono ukucela ugqirha ukuba athathe izicathulo ezifanelekileyo zomzimba.

Amanyathelo okukhusela

Kulula kakhulu ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kokukhubazeka kunokuba uzame ukufumana unyango olusesebenza ngethambo. Kwaye amanyathelo okukhusela apha alula. Okokuqala, kukufanelekile ukuyeka izicathulo ezingakhawulezileyo. Isithende kufuneka simele sizinze kwaye singabi phezulu (akukho ngaphaya kweesentimitha ezintlanu), kwaye i-sock ibanzi ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingacinezeli kwi-phalanx. Ubuncinane, oku kufuneka kubonakale njengezihlangu zemihla ngemihla - kwixesha leeholide ungazenza ngaphandle.

Khumbula ukuba amanxeba enyawo axhasa ubunzima bomzimba wakho, ngoko jonga umzobo kwaye ukhusele ukuphuhliswa kokunyanya. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye unakekele iinyawo zakho - ukuhlamba rhoqo okufudumeleyo, ukusilalisa kunye ne-gymnastics ezinyaweni kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu.

Uluhlu lukaValgus kubantwana

Kubantwana, isifo esinjalo sivame ukuvela ngesimo se-flat-valgus flatfoot, apho ukukhubazeka kweenyawo kubonwa khona - isithende sesigulane esincinci sinqatshelwe ngaphandle. Ukugula okunjalo kunokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki. Okokuqala, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba njengoko umntwana ekhula, kuba nzima ukuba ahambe, kuba ukuhamba kuhamba kunye nentlungu. Ukongezelela, ukukhawuleka kwamanye amalunga kunye namathambo, kubandakanywa nomgudu, awukhutshwa ngaphandle.

Ngethamsanqa, ngokufumanisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokunyangwa kwesi sifo, ukugxekwa kwabantwana kulungile. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-deformation ingaqedwa ngaphandle kwemisebenzi. Abantwana bakhethwe izicathulo ezikhethekileyo zomzimba, benze inkqubo yokwenza i-gymnastics, kwaye bancome neeseshoni eziqhelekileyo zokusilalisa. Ngokuchanekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwethambo kunye nemisipha yomzimba, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, ukuhamba ngeengubo ezingenasiphako kwimimandla engalinganiyo (umzekelo, amatyeba), kunye nokubhukuda kuya kuchaphazela. Unyango oluphandwayo lweenyawo ze- valgus kubantwana lwenziwa kuphela xa unyango olusisigxina lunikeza umphumo omuhle.