Umsebenzi kunye nesakhiwo nephron

Nephron ayikho kuphela isakhiwo engundoqo kodwa unit esebenza sezintso. Kwaba apha ukuba izigaba ezibalulekileyo ukuyilwa umchamo. Ngoko, ulwazi elijongeka isakhiwo nephron, yaye yintoni imisebenzi lenza, kuya kuba mnandi kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, iimpawu nephrons ukusebenza nga kucaciswa bokuqonda kwenkqubo sezintso

Ubume nephron: corpuscle sezintso

Kunika umdla ukuba, kidney oqolileyo yomntu nempilo phakathi kwe-1 no-1.3 billion nephrons. Nephron - iyunithi functional kwaye noshowo kwi kidney, equka corpuscles sezintso wabiza njalo-yomtya of Henle.

corpuscle ezingeyomfuneko sezintso ibandakanya glomerulus Malpighian kunye philisi Bowman kaThixo - Shymlanskaya. Kuba isiqalo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ibhola lihlelwe ngcanjana ezincinane. Igazi uyadlula Umthambo apha prinosnuyu - luhluzwa plasma. igazi balance ethathwe arterioles efferent.

Le philisi of Bowman - Shymlanskaya iquka amaphepha amabini - bangaphakathi kunye nabangaphandle. Ke ukuba iphepha engaphandle i ngelaphu eziqhelekileyo epithelium carcinomas, isakhiwo sheet ephakathi ufanelwe ingqalelo engakumbi. Inxalenye engaphakathi philisi yi podocytes ezigqunyiweyo - iiseli ezizalisekisa indima icebo lokucoca olongezelelweyo. Miss iswekile, acid kunye nezinye izinto, kodwa ukuthintela intshukumo zeprotheyini neemolekyuli enkulu. Ngoko, kwi corpuscle sezintso kwakhiwa umchamo zaseprayimari, nto leyo yahluke ukusuka plasma kuphela kukungabikho iimolekyuli ezinkulu.

Nephron: isakhiwo tubule proximal kunye ndzhendzheleko ka Henle

tubule Proximal liziko inxulumanisa corpuscle kwezintso kunye ndzhendzheleko of Henle. Ngaphakathi tubule uye villi, leyo kwandisa ummandla elipheleleyo sayo lwangaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela kwande ukusebenza kwakhona ukufunxeka-.

tubule Proximal kakuhle waya inxalenye kumazantsi yomtya ka Henle, nto leyo luphawulwa omncinci. Yomtya uvikivwa kulo Medulla apho egobile ngeenxa axis ayo eyakhe izidanga 180 kwaye enyukela - apha iqala unyuka yinxalenye bomgaqo Henle, nto leyo iba elikhulu yaye, ngokunjalo, lo ubukhulu. Ukunyuka loop elele malunga inqanaba glomerulus.

Ubume nephron: i tubules distal

Inxalenye Ekuphakameni yomtya ka Henle kwi uthinte iya ekuthiwa tubule distal kwalula. Yena uza adibane ibhola yaye ukuqhagamshelana prinosnoy lwangaphandle kunye arterioles. Kukho lwenziwa onokufunxa anesiphelo izondlo. tubule Distal udlula kwicandelo lokugqibela nephron, nto leyo lungena ngokukhululekileyo ityhubhu wokuqokele-, kulwelo othwala kwi isinqe sezintso.

ngezigaba nephrons

Kuxhomekeka indawo zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintathu ezingundoqo nephrons:

• nephrons cortical kwenza malunga nama-85% yenani lilonke zonke iiyunithi kumaziko kwizintso. Ngenxa umthetho, ukuba ibekwe neuron kwezintso bangaphandle, oko kukuthi, enyanisweni, njengoko oko kungqinwa ngamagama abo. Isakhiwo Nephron yale hlobo yahluke kancinane - yomtya ka Henle lincinane;
• nephrons juxtamedullary - izakhiwo ezinjalo nje phakathi ingqondo kunye umaleko cortical, ube loop ende Henle engena nzulu Medulla, maxa wambi efikelela iiphiramidi;
• nephrons subcapsular - isakhiwo, leyo zicwangciswe ngqo ngaphantsi philisi.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba isakhiwo nephron engqinelana ngokupheleleyo kunye nemisebenzi yayo.